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1428 lines
118 KiB
1428 lines
118 KiB
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html lang="en-US-x-Hixie" ><head><title>3.2.5 Content models — HTML5 </title><style type="text/css">
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pre { margin-left: 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; }
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h2 { margin: 3em 0 1em 0; }
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h3 { margin: 2.5em 0 1em 0; }
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h4 { margin: 2.5em 0 0.75em 0; }
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h5, h6 { margin: 2.5em 0 1em; }
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h1 + h2, h1 + h2 + h2 { margin: 0.75em 0 0.75em; }
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h2 + h3, h3 + h4, h4 + h5, h5 + h6 { margin-top: 0.5em; }
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p { margin: 1em 0; }
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hr:not(.top) { display: block; background: none; border: none; padding: 0; margin: 2em 0; height: auto; }
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dl, dd { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; }
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dt { margin-top: 0.75em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; clear: left; }
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dt + dt { margin-top: 0; }
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dd dt { margin-top: 0.25em; margin-bottom: 0; }
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dd p { margin-top: 0; }
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dd dl + p { margin-top: 1em; }
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dd table + p { margin-top: 1em; }
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p + * > li, dd li { margin: 1em 0; }
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dt dfn { font-style: italic; }
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pre, code { font-size: inherit; font-family: monospace; font-variant: normal; }
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pre strong { color: black; font: inherit; font-weight: bold; background: yellow; }
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pre em { font-weight: bolder; font-style: normal; }
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@media screen { code { color: orangered; } code :link, code :visited { color: inherit; } }
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var sub { vertical-align: bottom; font-size: smaller; position: relative; top: 0.1em; }
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table { border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden hidden none hidden; }
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table thead, table tbody { border-bottom: solid; }
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table tbody th:first-child { border-left: solid; }
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table tbody th { text-align: left; }
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table td, table th { border-left: solid; border-right: solid; border-bottom: solid thin; vertical-align: top; padding: 0.2em; }
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blockquote { margin: 0 0 0 2em; border: 0; padding: 0; font-style: italic; }
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.matrix { margin-left: 2em; }
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.dice-example { border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden solid solid hidden; border-width: thin; margin-left: 3em; }
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.toc dfn, h1 dfn, h2 dfn, h3 dfn, h4 dfn, h5 dfn, h6 dfn { font: inherit; }
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img.extra { float: right; }
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pre.idl { border: solid thin; background: #EEEEEE; color: black; padding: 0.5em 1em; }
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pre.idl :link, pre.idl :visited { color: inherit; background: transparent; }
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pre.css { border: solid thin; background: #FFFFEE; color: black; padding: 0.5em 1em; }
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pre.css:first-line { color: #AAAA50; }
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dl.domintro { color: green; margin: 2em 0 2em 2em; padding: 0.5em 1em; border: none; background: #DDFFDD; }
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hr + dl.domintro, div.impl + dl.domintro { margin-top: 2.5em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; }
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dl.domintro dt, dl.domintro dt * { color: black; text-decoration: none; }
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dl.domintro dd { margin: 0.5em 0 1em 2em; padding: 0; }
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dl.domintro dd p { margin: 0.5em 0; }
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dl.switch { padding-left: 2em; }
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dl.switch > dt { text-indent: -1.5em; }
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dl.triple { padding: 0 0 0 1em; }
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dl.triple dt, dl.triple dd { margin: 0; display: inline }
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dl.triple dt:after { content: ':'; }
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dl.triple dd:after { content: '\A'; white-space: pre; }
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.diff-old { text-decoration: line-through; color: silver; background: transparent; }
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.diff-chg, .diff-new { text-decoration: underline; color: green; background: transparent; }
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a .diff-new { border-bottom: 1px blue solid; }
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h2 { page-break-before: always; }
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h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { page-break-after: avoid; }
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h1 + h2, hr + h2.no-toc { page-break-before: auto; }
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p > span:not([title=""]):not([class="XXX"]):not([class="impl"]):not([class="note"]),
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li > span:not([title=""]):not([class="XXX"]):not([class="impl"]):not([class="note"]), { border-bottom: solid #9999CC; }
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div.head { margin: 0 0 1em; padding: 1em 0 0 0; }
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div.head p { margin: 0; }
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div.head h1 { margin: 0; }
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div.head .logo { float: right; margin: 0 1em; }
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div.head .logo img { border: none } /* remove border from top image */
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div.head dl { margin: 1em 0; }
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div.head p.copyright, div.head p.alt { font-size: x-small; font-style: oblique; margin: 0; }
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body > .toc > li { margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; }
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body > .toc.brief > li { margin-top: 0.35em; margin-bottom: 0.35em; }
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body > .toc > li > * { margin-bottom: 0.5em; }
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body > .toc > li > * > li > * { margin-bottom: 0.25em; }
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.toc, .toc li { list-style: none; }
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.brief { margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; line-height: 1.1; }
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.category-list li > span, .category-list li > a { text-transform: lowercase; }
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.category-list li * { text-transform: none; } /* don't affect <code> nested in <a> */
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.XXX { color: #E50000; background: white; border: solid red; padding: 0.5em; margin: 1em 0; }
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.XXX > :first-child { margin-top: 0; }
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p .XXX { line-height: 3em; }
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.annotation { border: solid thin black; background: #0C479D; color: white; position: relative; margin: 8px 0 20px 0; }
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.annotation:before { position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: 6px -6px -6px 6px; background: #333333; z-index: -1; content: ''; }
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.annotation :link, .annotation :visited { color: inherit; }
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.annotation :link:hover, .annotation :visited:hover { background: transparent; }
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.annotation span { border: none ! important; }
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.warning { color: red; background: transparent; }
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.note, .warning { font-weight: bolder; font-style: italic; }
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p.note, div.note { padding: 0.5em 2em; }
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span.note { padding: 0 2em; }
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.warning:before { font-style: normal; }
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p.note:before { content: 'Note: '; }
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p.warning:before { content: '\26A0 Warning! '; }
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.bookkeeping dd { margin: 0 3em 0.5em; }
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h4 { position: relative; z-index: 3; }
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h4 + .element, h4 + div + .element { margin-top: -2.5em; padding-top: 2em; }
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.element {
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background: #EEEEFF;
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color: black;
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margin: 0 0 1em 0.15em;
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padding: 0 1em 0.25em 0.75em;
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border-left: solid #9999FF 0.25em;
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position: relative;
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z-index: 1;
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}
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.element:before {
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position: absolute;
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z-index: 2;
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top: 0;
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left: -1.15em;
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height: 2em;
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width: 0.9em;
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background: #EEEEFF;
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content: ' ';
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border-style: none none solid solid;
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border-color: #9999FF;
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border-width: 0.25em;
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}
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.example { display: block; color: #222222; background: #FCFCFC; border-left: double; margin-left: 2em; padding-left: 1em; }
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td > .example:only-child { margin: 0 0 0 0.1em; }
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ul.domTree, ul.domTree ul { padding: 0 0 0 1em; margin: 0; }
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ul.domTree li { padding: 0; margin: 0; list-style: none; position: relative; }
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ul.domTree li li { list-style: none; }
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ul.domTree li:first-child::before { position: absolute; top: 0; height: 0.6em; left: -0.75em; width: 0.5em; border-style: none none solid solid; content: ''; border-width: 0.1em; }
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ul.domTree li:not(:last-child)::after { position: absolute; top: 0; bottom: -0.6em; left: -0.75em; width: 0.5em; border-style: none none solid solid; content: ''; border-width: 0.1em; }
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ul.domTree span { font-style: italic; font-family: serif; }
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ul.domTree .t1 code { color: purple; font-weight: bold; }
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ul.domTree .t2 { font-style: normal; font-family: monospace; }
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ul.domTree .t2 .name { color: black; font-weight: bold; }
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ul.domTree .t2 .value { color: blue; font-weight: normal; }
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ul.domTree .t3 code, .domTree .t4 code, .domTree .t5 code { color: gray; }
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ul.domTree .t7 code, .domTree .t8 code { color: green; }
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ul.domTree .t10 code { color: teal; }
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body.dfnEnabled dfn { cursor: pointer; }
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.dfnPanel {
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display: inline;
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position: absolute;
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z-index: 10;
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height: auto;
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width: auto;
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padding: 0.5em 0.75em;
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font: small sans-serif, Droid Sans Fallback;
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background: #DDDDDD;
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color: black;
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border: outset 0.2em;
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}
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.dfnPanel * { margin: 0; padding: 0; font: inherit; text-indent: 0; }
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.dfnPanel :link, .dfnPanel :visited { color: black; }
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.dfnPanel p { font-weight: bolder; }
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.dfnPanel * + p { margin-top: 0.25em; }
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.dfnPanel li { list-style-position: inside; }
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#configUI { position: absolute; z-index: 20; top: 10em; right: 1em; width: 11em; font-size: small; }
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#configUI p { margin: 0.5em 0; padding: 0.3em; background: #EEEEEE; color: black; border: inset thin; }
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#configUI p label { display: block; }
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#configUI #updateUI, #configUI .loginUI { text-align: center; }
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#configUI input[type=button] { display: block; margin: auto; }
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fieldset { margin: 1em; padding: 0.5em 1em; }
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fieldset > legend + * { margin-top: 0; }
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fieldset > :last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
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fieldset p { margin: 0.5em 0; }
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.stability {
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position: fixed;
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bottom: 0;
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left: 0; right: 0;
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margin: 0 auto 0 auto !important;
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z-index: 1000;
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width: 50%;
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background: maroon; color: yellow;
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-webkit-border-radius: 1em 1em 0 0;
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-moz-border-radius: 1em 1em 0 0;
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border-radius: 1em 1em 0 0;
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-moz-box-shadow: 0 0 1em #500;
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-webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 1em #500;
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box-shadow: 0 0 1em red;
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padding: 0.5em 1em;
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text-align: center;
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}
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.stability strong {
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display: block;
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}
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.stability input {
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appearance: none; margin: 0; border: 0; padding: 0.25em 0.5em; background: transparent; color: black;
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position: absolute; top: -0.5em; right: 0; font: 1.25em sans-serif; text-align: center;
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}
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color: white;
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text-shadow: 0 0 2px black;
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}
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.stability input:active {
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padding: 0.3em 0.45em 0.2em 0.55em;
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}
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.stability :link, .stability :visited,
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.stability :link:hover, .stability :visited:hover {
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background: transparent;
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color: white;
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}
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</style><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20%7B%20display:%20none;%20%7D%0Ahtml%20%7B%20border:%20solid%20yellow;%20%7D%20.domintro:before%20%7B%20display:%20none;%20%7D" id="author" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Author documentation only"><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20%7B%20background:%20%23FFEEEE;%20%7D%20.domintro:before%20%7B%20background:%20%23FFEEEE;%20%7D" id="highlight" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Highlight implementation
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requirements"><link href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-WD" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"><style type="text/css">
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.applies thead th > * { display: block; }
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.applies thead code { display: block; }
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.applies tbody th { whitespace: nowrap; }
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.applies td { text-align: center; }
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.applies .yes { background: yellow; }
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.matrix, .matrix td { border: hidden; text-align: right; }
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.matrix { margin-left: 2em; }
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.dice-example { border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden solid solid hidden; border-width: thin; margin-left: 3em; }
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.dice-example caption { width: 30em; font-size: smaller; font-style: italic; padding: 0.75em 0; text-align: left; }
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.dice-example td, .dice-example th { border: solid thin; width: 1.35em; height: 1.05em; text-align: center; padding: 0; }
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td.eg { border-width: thin; text-align: center; }
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#table-example-1 { border: solid thin; border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 3em; }
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#table-example-1 * { font-family: "Essays1743", serif; line-height: 1.01em; }
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#table-example-1 caption { padding-bottom: 0.5em; }
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#table-example-1 thead, #table-example-1 tbody { border: none; }
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#table-example-1 th, #table-example-1 td { border: solid thin; }
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#table-example-1 th { font-weight: normal; }
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#table-example-1 td { border-style: none solid; vertical-align: top; }
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#table-example-1 th { padding: 0.5em; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; }
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#table-example-1 tbody tr:first-child td { padding-top: 0.5em; }
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#table-example-1 tbody tr:last-child td { padding-bottom: 1.5em; }
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#table-example-1 tbody td:first-child { padding-left: 2.5em; padding-right: 0; width: 9em; }
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#table-example-1 tbody td:first-child::after { content: leader(". "); }
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#table-example-1 tbody td { padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; }
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#table-example-1 tbody td:first-child + td { width: 10em; }
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#table-example-1 tbody td:first-child + td ~ td { width: 2.5em; }
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#table-example-1 tbody td:first-child + td + td + td ~ td { width: 1.25em; }
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.apple-table-examples { border: none; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 1.5em 0em; width: 40em; margin-left: 3em; }
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.apple-table-examples * { font-family: "Times", serif; }
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.apple-table-examples td, .apple-table-examples th { border: none; white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; }
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.apple-table-examples tbody th:first-child { border-left: none; width: 100%; }
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.apple-table-examples thead th:first-child ~ th { font-size: smaller; font-weight: bolder; border-bottom: solid 2px; text-align: center; }
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.apple-table-examples tbody th::after, .apple-table-examples tfoot th::after { content: leader(". ") }
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.apple-table-examples tbody th, .apple-table-examples tfoot th { font: inherit; text-align: left; }
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.apple-table-examples td { text-align: right; vertical-align: top; }
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.apple-table-examples.e1 tbody tr:last-child td { border-bottom: solid 1px; }
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.apple-table-examples.e1 tbody + tbody tr:last-child td { border-bottom: double 3px; }
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.apple-table-examples.e2 th[scope=row] { padding-left: 1em; }
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.apple-table-examples sup { line-height: 0; }
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.details-example img { vertical-align: top; }
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#base64-table {
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white-space: nowrap;
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font-size: 0.6em;
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column-width: 6em;
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column-count: 5;
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column-gap: 1em;
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-moz-column-width: 6em;
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-moz-column-count: 5;
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-moz-column-gap: 1em;
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-webkit-column-width: 6em;
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-webkit-column-count: 5;
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-webkit-column-gap: 1em;
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}
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#base64-table thead { display: none; }
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#base64-table * { border: none; }
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#base64-table tbody td:first-child:after { content: ':'; }
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#base64-table tbody td:last-child { text-align: right; }
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#named-character-references-table {
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white-space: nowrap;
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font-size: 0.6em;
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column-width: 30em;
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column-gap: 1em;
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-moz-column-width: 30em;
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-moz-column-gap: 1em;
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-webkit-column-width: 30em;
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-webkit-column-gap: 1em;
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}
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#named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr > td:first-child + td,
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#named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr > td:last-child { text-align: center; }
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#named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr > td:last-child:hover > span { position: absolute; top: auto; left: auto; margin-left: 0.5em; line-height: 1.2; font-size: 5em; border: outset; padding: 0.25em 0.5em; background: white; width: 1.25em; height: auto; text-align: center; }
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#named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr#entity-CounterClockwiseContourIntegral > td:first-child { font-size: 0.5em; }
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.glyph.control { color: red; }
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@font-face {
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font-family: 'Essays1743';
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src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743.ttf');
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: 'Essays1743';
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font-weight: bold;
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src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743-Bold.ttf');
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: 'Essays1743';
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font-style: italic;
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src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743-Italic.ttf');
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: 'Essays1743';
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font-style: italic;
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font-weight: bold;
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src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743-BoldItalic.ttf');
|
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}
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</style><style type="text/css">
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.domintro:before { display: table; margin: -1em -0.5em -0.5em auto; width: auto; content: 'This box is non-normative. Implementation requirements are given below this box.'; color: black; font-style: italic; border: solid 2px; background: white; padding: 0 0.25em; }
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</style><script type="text/javascript">
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function getCookie(name) {
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var params = location.search.substr(1).split("&");
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for (var index = 0; index < params.length; index++) {
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if (params[index] == name)
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return "1";
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var data = params[index].split("=");
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if (data[0] == name)
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return unescape(data[1]);
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}
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var cookies = document.cookie.split("; ");
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for (var index = 0; index < cookies.length; index++) {
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var data = cookies[index].split("=");
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if (data[0] == name)
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return unescape(data[1]);
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}
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return null;
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}
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</script>
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<script src="link-fixup.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
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<link href="style.css" rel="stylesheet"><link href="elements.html" title="3.2 Elements" rel="prev">
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<link href="spec.html#contents" title="Table of contents" rel="index">
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<link href="apis-in-html-documents.html" title="3.3 APIs in HTML documents" rel="next">
|
|
</head><body><div class="head" id="head">
|
|
<div id="multipage-common">
|
|
<p class="stability" id="wip"><strong>This is a work in
|
|
progress!</strong> For the latest updates from the HTML WG, possibly
|
|
including important bug fixes, please look at the <a href="http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/Overview.html">editor's draft</a> instead.
|
|
There may also be a more
|
|
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html5">up-to-date Working Draft</a>
|
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with changes based on resolution of Last Call issues.
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<input onclick="closeWarning(this.parentNode)" type="button" value="╳⃝"></p>
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<script type="text/javascript">
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function closeWarning(element) {
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element.parentNode.removeChild(element);
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var date = new Date();
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date.setDate(date.getDate()+4);
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document.cookie = 'hide-obsolescence-warning=1; expires=' + date.toGMTString();
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}
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if (getCookie('hide-obsolescence-warning') == '1')
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setTimeout(function () { document.getElementById('wip').parentNode.removeChild(document.getElementById('wip')); }, 2000);
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</script></div>
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<p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img alt="W3C" height="48" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" width="72"></a></p>
|
|
|
|
<h1>HTML5</h1>
|
|
</div><div>
|
|
<a href="elements.html" class="prev">3.2 Elements</a> –
|
|
<a href="spec.html#contents">Table of contents</a> –
|
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<a href="apis-in-html-documents.html" class="next">3.3 APIs in HTML documents</a>
|
|
<ol class="toc"><li><ol><li><ol><li><a href="content-models.html#content-models"><span class="secno">3.2.5 </span>Content models</a>
|
|
<ol><li><a href="content-models.html#kinds-of-content"><span class="secno">3.2.5.1 </span>Kinds of content</a>
|
|
<ol><li><a href="content-models.html#metadata-content-0"><span class="secno">3.2.5.1.1 </span>Metadata content</a></li><li><a href="content-models.html#flow-content-0"><span class="secno">3.2.5.1.2 </span>Flow content</a></li><li><a href="content-models.html#sectioning-content-0"><span class="secno">3.2.5.1.3 </span>Sectioning content</a></li><li><a href="content-models.html#heading-content-0"><span class="secno">3.2.5.1.4 </span>Heading content</a></li><li><a href="content-models.html#phrasing-content-0"><span class="secno">3.2.5.1.5 </span>Phrasing content</a></li><li><a href="content-models.html#embedded-content-0"><span class="secno">3.2.5.1.6 </span>Embedded content</a></li><li><a href="content-models.html#interactive-content-0"><span class="secno">3.2.5.1.7 </span>Interactive content</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="content-models.html#transparent-content-models"><span class="secno">3.2.5.2 </span>Transparent content models</a></li><li><a href="content-models.html#paragraphs"><span class="secno">3.2.5.3 </span>Paragraphs</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="content-models.html#requirements-relating-to-bidirectional-algorithm-formatting-characters"><span class="secno">3.2.6 </span>Requirements relating to bidirectional-algorithm formatting
|
|
characters</a></li><li><a href="content-models.html#wai-aria"><span class="secno">3.2.7 </span>WAI-ARIA</a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></div>
|
|
|
|
<h4 id="content-models"><span class="secno">3.2.5 </span><dfn>Content models</dfn></h4><p>Each element defined in this specification has a content model: a
|
|
description of the element's expected contents. An <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements" title="HTML
|
|
elements">HTML element</a> must have contents that match the
|
|
requirements described in the element's content model.</p><p class="note">As noted in the conformance and terminology
|
|
sections, for the purposes of determining if an element matches its
|
|
content model or not, <a href="infrastructure.html#text-node" title="text
|
|
node"><code>CDATASection</code> nodes in the DOM are treated as
|
|
equivalent to <code>Text</code> nodes</a>, and <a href="infrastructure.html#entity-references">entity reference nodes are treated as if
|
|
they were expanded in place</a>.</p><p>The <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a> are
|
|
always allowed between elements. User agents represent these
|
|
characters between elements in the source markup as text nodes in
|
|
the DOM. Empty <a href="infrastructure.html#text-node" title="text node">text nodes</a> and <a href="infrastructure.html#text-node" title="text node">text nodes</a> consisting of just sequences of
|
|
those characters are considered <dfn id="inter-element-whitespace">inter-element
|
|
whitespace</dfn>.</p><p><a href="#inter-element-whitespace">Inter-element whitespace</a>, comment nodes, and
|
|
processing instruction nodes must be ignored when establishing
|
|
whether an element's contents match the element's content model or
|
|
not, and must be ignored when following algorithms that define
|
|
document and element semantics.</p><p class="note">Thus, an element <var title="">A</var> is said to be
|
|
<i>preceded or followed</i> by a second element <var title="">B</var> if <var title="">A</var> and <var title="">B</var>
|
|
have the same parent node and there are no other element nodes or
|
|
text nodes (other than <a href="#inter-element-whitespace">inter-element whitespace</a>)
|
|
between them. Similarly, a node is the <i>only child</i> of an
|
|
element if that element contains no other nodes other than
|
|
<a href="#inter-element-whitespace">inter-element whitespace</a>, comment nodes, and processing
|
|
instruction nodes.</p><p>Authors must not use <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements">HTML elements</a> anywhere except
|
|
where they are explicitly allowed, as defined for each element, or
|
|
as explicitly required by other specifications. For XML compound
|
|
documents, these contexts could be inside elements from other
|
|
namespaces, if those elements are defined as providing the relevant
|
|
contexts.</p><div class="example">
|
|
<p>For example, the Atom specification defines a <code title="">content</code> element. When its <code title="">type</code> attribute has the value <code title="">xhtml</code>, the Atom specification requires that it
|
|
contain a single HTML <code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> element. Thus, a
|
|
<code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> element is allowed in that context, even though
|
|
this is not explicitly normatively stated by this specification. <a href="references.html#refsATOM">[ATOM]</a></p>
|
|
</div><p>In addition, <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements">HTML elements</a> may be orphan nodes
|
|
(i.e. without a parent node).</p><div class="example">
|
|
|
|
<p>For example, creating a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element and storing it
|
|
in a global variable in a script is conforming, even though
|
|
<code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> elements are otherwise only supposed to be used
|
|
inside <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> elements.</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>var data = {
|
|
name: "Banana",
|
|
cell: document.createElement('td'),
|
|
};</pre>
|
|
|
|
</div><h5 id="kinds-of-content"><span class="secno">3.2.5.1 </span>Kinds of content</h5><p>Each element in HTML falls into zero or more <dfn id="content-categories" title="content
|
|
categories">categories</dfn> that group elements with similar
|
|
characteristics together. The following broad categories are used in
|
|
this specification:</p><ul class="brief"><li><a href="#metadata-content">Metadata content</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="#flow-content">Flow content</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="#sectioning-content">Sectioning content</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="#heading-content">Heading content</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="#phrasing-content">Phrasing content</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="#embedded-content">Embedded content</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="#interactive-content">Interactive content</a></li>
|
|
</ul><p class="note">Some elements also fall into other categories, which
|
|
are defined in other parts of this specification.</p><p>These categories are related as follows:</p><p><object data="images/content-venn.svg" height="288" width="1000"><img alt="Sectioning content, heading content, phrasing content, and
|
|
embedded content are all types of flow content. Embedded content is
|
|
also a type of phrasing content." src="content-venn.png"></object></p><p>In addition, certain elements are categorized as <a href="forms.html#form-associated-element" title="form-associated element">form-associated elements</a> and
|
|
further subcategorized to define their role in various form-related
|
|
processing models.</p><p>Some elements have unique requirements and do not fit into any
|
|
particular category.</p><h6 id="metadata-content-0"><span class="secno">3.2.5.1.1 </span>Metadata content</h6><p><dfn id="metadata-content">Metadata content</dfn> is content that sets up the
|
|
presentation or behavior of the rest of the content, or that sets
|
|
up the relationship of the document with other documents, or that
|
|
conveys other "out of band" information.</p><ul class="brief category-list"><li><code><a href="semantics.html#the-base-element">base</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-command-element">command</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="semantics.html#the-link-element">link</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="semantics.html#the-meta-element">meta</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="scripting-1.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="scripting-1.html#the-script-element">script</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="semantics.html#the-title-element">title</a></code></li>
|
|
</ul><p>Elements from other namespaces whose semantics are primarily
|
|
metadata-related (e.g. RDF) are also <a href="#metadata-content">metadata
|
|
content</a>.</p><div class="example">
|
|
|
|
<p>Thus, in the XML serialization, one can use RDF, like this:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
|
|
xmlns:r="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
|
|
<head>
|
|
<title>Hedral's Home Page</title>
|
|
<r:RDF>
|
|
<Person xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/pim/contact#"
|
|
r:about="http://hedral.example.com/#">
|
|
<fullName>Cat Hedral</fullName>
|
|
<mailbox r:resource="mailto:hedral@damowmow.com"/>
|
|
<personalTitle>Sir</personalTitle>
|
|
</Person>
|
|
</r:RDF>
|
|
</head>
|
|
<body>
|
|
<h1>My home page</h1>
|
|
<p>I like playing with string, I guess. Sister says squirrels are fun
|
|
too so sometimes I follow her to play with them.</p>
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html></pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>This isn't possible in the HTML serialization, however.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div><h6 id="flow-content-0"><span class="secno">3.2.5.1.2 </span>Flow content</h6><p>Most elements that are used in the body of documents and
|
|
applications are categorized as <dfn id="flow-content">flow content</dfn>.</p><ul class="brief category-list"><li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-abbr-element">abbr</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-address-element">address</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-map-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code> (if it is a descendant of a <code><a href="the-map-element.html#the-map-element">map</a></code> element)</li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-article-element">article</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-aside-element">aside</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-audio-element">audio</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-bdi-element">bdi</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-bdo-element">bdo</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-blockquote-element">blockquote</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-br-element">br</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-button-element">button</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-canvas-element.html#the-canvas-element">canvas</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-cite-element">cite</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-code-element">code</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-command-element">command</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-datalist-element">datalist</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="edits.html#the-del-element">del</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-details-element">details</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element">dfn</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-div-element">div</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-dl-element">dl</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-em-element">em</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="forms.html#the-fieldset-element">fieldset</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-figure-element">figure</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-footer-element">footer</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h1</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h2</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h3</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h4</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h5</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h6</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-header-element">header</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-hgroup-element">hgroup</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-hr-element">hr</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="embedded-content-1.html#the-img-element">img</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="edits.html#the-ins-element">ins</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-kbd-element">kbd</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-keygen-element">keygen</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="forms.html#the-label-element">label</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-map-element.html#the-map-element">map</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-mark-element">mark</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-map-element.html#math">math</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-menu-element">menu</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-meter-element">meter</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-nav-element">nav</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="scripting-1.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-object-element">object</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-ol-element">ol</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-output-element">output</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-p-element">p</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-progress-element">progress</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-q-element">q</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-ruby-element">ruby</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-s-element">s</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-samp-element">samp</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="scripting-1.html#the-script-element">script</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-section-element">section</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-select-element">select</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-small-element">small</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-span-element">span</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-strong-element">strong</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code> (if the <code title="attr-style-scoped"><a href="semantics.html#attr-style-scoped">scoped</a></code> attribute is present)</li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-sub-and-sup-elements">sub</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-sub-and-sup-elements">sup</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-map-element.html#svg">svg</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-time-element">time</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-u-element">u</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-var-element">var</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-video-element">video</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-wbr-element">wbr</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><a href="#text-content" title="text content">Text</a></li>
|
|
</ul><p>As a general rule, elements whose content model allows any
|
|
<a href="#flow-content">flow content</a> should have either at least one descendant
|
|
<a href="infrastructure.html#text-node">text node</a> that is not <a href="#inter-element-whitespace">inter-element
|
|
whitespace</a>, or at least one descendant element node that is
|
|
<a href="#embedded-content">embedded content</a>. For the purposes of this requirement,
|
|
<code><a href="edits.html#the-del-element">del</a></code> elements and their descendants must not be counted
|
|
as contributing to the ancestors of the <code><a href="edits.html#the-del-element">del</a></code>
|
|
element.</p><p>This requirement is not a hard requirement, however, as there are
|
|
many cases where an element can be empty legitimately, for example
|
|
when it is used as a placeholder which will later be filled in by a
|
|
script, or when the element is part of a template and would on most
|
|
pages be filled in but on some pages is not relevant.</p><h6 id="sectioning-content-0"><span class="secno">3.2.5.1.3 </span>Sectioning content</h6><p><dfn id="sectioning-content">Sectioning content</dfn> is content that defines the scope
|
|
of <a href="#heading-content" title="heading content">headings</a> and <a href="sections.html#the-footer-element" title="footer">footers</a>.</p><ul class="brief category-list"><li><code><a href="sections.html#the-article-element">article</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-aside-element">aside</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-nav-element">nav</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-section-element">section</a></code></li>
|
|
</ul><p>Each <a href="#sectioning-content">sectioning content</a> element potentially has a
|
|
heading and an <a href="sections.html#outline">outline</a>. See the section on
|
|
<a href="sections.html#headings-and-sections">headings and sections</a> for further details.</p><p class="note">There are also certain elements that are <a href="sections.html#sectioning-root" title="sectioning root">sectioning roots</a>. These are distinct
|
|
from <a href="#sectioning-content">sectioning content</a>, but they can also have an
|
|
<a href="sections.html#outline">outline</a>.</p><h6 id="heading-content-0"><span class="secno">3.2.5.1.4 </span>Heading content</h6><p><dfn id="heading-content">Heading content</dfn> defines the header of a section
|
|
(whether explicitly marked up using <a href="#sectioning-content">sectioning content</a>
|
|
elements, or implied by the heading content itself).</p><ul class="brief category-list"><li><code><a href="sections.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h1</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h2</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h3</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h4</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h5</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h6</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="sections.html#the-hgroup-element">hgroup</a></code></li>
|
|
</ul><h6 id="phrasing-content-0"><span class="secno">3.2.5.1.5 </span>Phrasing content</h6><p><dfn id="phrasing-content">Phrasing content</dfn> is the text of the document, as well
|
|
as elements that mark up that text at the intra-paragraph
|
|
level. Runs of <a href="#phrasing-content">phrasing content</a> form <a href="#paragraph" title="paragraph">paragraphs</a>.</p><ul class="brief category-list"><li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> (if it contains only <a href="#phrasing-content">phrasing content</a>)</li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-abbr-element">abbr</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-map-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code> (if it is a descendant of a <code><a href="the-map-element.html#the-map-element">map</a></code> element)</li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-audio-element">audio</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-bdi-element">bdi</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-bdo-element">bdo</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-br-element">br</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-button-element">button</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-canvas-element.html#the-canvas-element">canvas</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-cite-element">cite</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-code-element">code</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-command-element">command</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-datalist-element">datalist</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="edits.html#the-del-element">del</a></code> (if it contains only <a href="#phrasing-content">phrasing content</a>)</li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element">dfn</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-em-element">em</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="embedded-content-1.html#the-img-element">img</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="edits.html#the-ins-element">ins</a></code> (if it contains only <a href="#phrasing-content">phrasing content</a>)</li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-kbd-element">kbd</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-keygen-element">keygen</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="forms.html#the-label-element">label</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-map-element.html#the-map-element">map</a></code> (if it contains only <a href="#phrasing-content">phrasing content</a>)</li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-mark-element">mark</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-map-element.html#math">math</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-meter-element">meter</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="scripting-1.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-object-element">object</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-output-element">output</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-progress-element">progress</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-q-element">q</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-ruby-element">ruby</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-s-element">s</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-samp-element">samp</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="scripting-1.html#the-script-element">script</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-select-element">select</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-small-element">small</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-span-element">span</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-strong-element">strong</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-sub-and-sup-elements">sub</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-sub-and-sup-elements">sup</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-map-element.html#svg">svg</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-time-element">time</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-u-element">u</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-var-element">var</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-video-element">video</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-wbr-element">wbr</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><a href="#text-content" title="text content">Text</a></li>
|
|
</ul><p>As a general rule, elements whose content model allows any
|
|
<a href="#phrasing-content">phrasing content</a> should have either at least one
|
|
descendant <a href="infrastructure.html#text-node">text node</a> that is not <a href="#inter-element-whitespace">inter-element
|
|
whitespace</a>, or at least one descendant element node that is
|
|
<a href="#embedded-content">embedded content</a>. For the purposes of this requirement,
|
|
nodes that are descendants of <code><a href="edits.html#the-del-element">del</a></code> elements must not be
|
|
counted as contributing to the ancestors of the <code><a href="edits.html#the-del-element">del</a></code>
|
|
element.</p><p class="note">Most elements that are categorized as phrasing
|
|
content can only contain elements that are themselves categorized as
|
|
phrasing content, not any flow content.</p><p><dfn id="text-content" title="text content">Text</dfn>, in the context of content
|
|
models, means <a href="infrastructure.html#text-node" title="text node">text nodes</a>. <a href="#text-content" title="text content">Text</a> is sometimes used as a content
|
|
model on its own, but is also <a href="#phrasing-content">phrasing content</a>, and can
|
|
be <a href="#inter-element-whitespace">inter-element whitespace</a> (if the <a href="infrastructure.html#text-node" title="text
|
|
node">text nodes</a> are empty or contain just <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#space-character" title="space
|
|
character">space characters</a>).</p><h6 id="embedded-content-0"><span class="secno">3.2.5.1.6 </span>Embedded content</h6><p><dfn id="embedded-content">Embedded content</dfn> is content that imports another
|
|
resource into the document, or content from another vocabulary that
|
|
is inserted into the document.</p><ul class="brief category-list"><li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-audio-element">audio</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-canvas-element.html#the-canvas-element">canvas</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="embedded-content-1.html#the-img-element">img</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-map-element.html#math">math</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-object-element">object</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-map-element.html#svg">svg</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-video-element">video</a></code></li>
|
|
</ul><p>Elements that are from namespaces other than the <a href="namespaces.html#html-namespace-0">HTML
|
|
namespace</a> and that convey content but not metadata, are
|
|
<a href="#embedded-content">embedded content</a> for the purposes of the content models
|
|
defined in this specification. (For example, MathML, or SVG.)</p><p>Some embedded content elements can have <dfn id="fallback-content">fallback
|
|
content</dfn>: content that is to be used when the external resource
|
|
cannot be used (e.g. because it is of an unsupported format). The
|
|
element definitions state what the fallback is, if any.</p><h6 id="interactive-content-0"><span class="secno">3.2.5.1.7 </span>Interactive content</h6><p><dfn id="interactive-content">Interactive content</dfn> is content that is specifically
|
|
intended for user interaction.</p><ul class="brief category-list"><li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-audio-element">audio</a></code> (if the <code title="attr-media-controls"><a href="the-iframe-element.html#attr-media-controls">controls</a></code> attribute is present)</li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-button-element">button</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-details-element">details</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="embedded-content-1.html#the-img-element">img</a></code> (if the <code title="attr-hyperlink-usemap"><a href="the-map-element.html#attr-hyperlink-usemap">usemap</a></code> attribute is present)</li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> (if the <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute is <em>not</em> in the <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#hidden-state" title="attr-input-type-hidden">Hidden</a> state)</li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-keygen-element">keygen</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="forms.html#the-label-element">label</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-menu-element">menu</a></code> (if the <code title="attr-menu-type"><a href="interactive-elements.html#attr-menu-type">type</a></code> attribute is in the <a href="interactive-elements.html#toolbar-state" title="toolbar state">toolbar</a> state)</li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-object-element">object</a></code> (if the <code title="attr-hyperlink-usemap"><a href="the-map-element.html#attr-hyperlink-usemap">usemap</a></code> attribute is present)</li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-select-element">select</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-video-element">video</a></code> (if the <code title="attr-media-controls"><a href="the-iframe-element.html#attr-media-controls">controls</a></code> attribute is present)</li>
|
|
</ul><p>Certain elements in HTML have an <a href="#activation-behavior">activation
|
|
behavior</a>, which means that the user can activate them. This
|
|
triggers a sequence of events dependent on the activation mechanism,
|
|
and normally culminating in a <code title="event-click"><a href="infrastructure.html#event-click">click</a></code>
|
|
event<span class="impl">, as described below</span>.</p><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<p>The user agent should allow the user to manually trigger elements
|
|
that have an <a href="#activation-behavior">activation behavior</a>, for instance using
|
|
keyboard or voice input, or through mouse clicks. When the user
|
|
triggers an element with a defined <a href="#activation-behavior">activation behavior</a>
|
|
in a manner other than clicking it, the default action of the
|
|
interaction event must be to <a href="#run-synthetic-click-activation-steps">run synthetic click activation
|
|
steps</a> on the element.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>When a user agent is to <dfn id="run-synthetic-click-activation-steps">run synthetic click activation
|
|
steps</dfn> on an element, the user agent must <a href="#run-pre-click-activation-steps">run pre-click
|
|
activation steps</a> on the element, then <a href="webappapis.html#fire-a-click-event">fire a <code title="event-click">click</code> event</a> at the element. The
|
|
default action of this <code title="event-click"><a href="infrastructure.html#event-click">click</a></code> event
|
|
must be to <a href="#run-post-click-activation-steps">run post-click activation steps</a> on the
|
|
element. If the event is canceled, the user agent must <a href="#run-canceled-activation-steps">run
|
|
canceled activation steps</a> on the element instead.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>When a pointing device is clicked, the user agent must run these
|
|
steps:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ol><li><p>Let <var title="">e</var> be the <a href="#nearest-activatable-element">nearest activatable
|
|
element</a> of the element designated by the user (defined
|
|
below), if any.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>If there is an element <var title="">e</var>, <a href="#run-pre-click-activation-steps">run
|
|
pre-click activation steps</a> on it.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
|
|
<p>Dispatch the required <code title="event-click"><a href="infrastructure.html#event-click">click</a></code>
|
|
event.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>If there is an element <var title="">e</var>, then the default
|
|
action of the <code title="event-click"><a href="infrastructure.html#event-click">click</a></code> event must be
|
|
to <a href="#run-post-click-activation-steps">run post-click activation steps</a> on element <var title="">e</var>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>If there is an element <var title="">e</var> but the event is
|
|
canceled, the user agent must <a href="#run-canceled-activation-steps">run canceled activation
|
|
steps</a> on element <var title="">e</var>.</p>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ol><p class="note">The above doesn't happen for arbitrary synthetic
|
|
events dispatched by author script. However, the <code title="dom-click"><a href="editing.html#dom-click">click()</a></code> method can be used to make it
|
|
happen programmatically.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Given an element <var title="">target</var>, the <dfn id="nearest-activatable-element">nearest
|
|
activatable element</dfn> is the element returned by the following
|
|
algorithm:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ol><li><p>If <var title="">target</var> has a defined <a href="#activation-behavior">activation
|
|
behavior</a>, then return <var title="">target</var> and abort
|
|
these steps.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>If <var title="">target</var> has a parent element, then set
|
|
<var title="">target</var> to that parent element and return to the
|
|
first step.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>Otherwise, there is no <a href="#nearest-activatable-element">nearest activatable
|
|
element</a>.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
</ol><p>When a user agent is to <dfn id="run-pre-click-activation-steps">run pre-click activation steps</dfn>
|
|
on an element, it must run the <dfn id="pre-click-activation-steps">pre-click activation steps</dfn>
|
|
defined for that element, if any.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>When a user agent is to <dfn id="run-canceled-activation-steps">run canceled activation steps</dfn>
|
|
on an element, it must run the <dfn id="canceled-activation-steps">canceled activation steps</dfn>
|
|
defined for that element, if any.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>When a user agent is to <dfn id="run-post-click-activation-steps">run post-click activation
|
|
steps</dfn> on an element, it must run the <dfn id="activation-behavior">activation
|
|
behavior</dfn> defined for that element. Activation behaviors can
|
|
refer to the <code title="event-click"><a href="infrastructure.html#event-click">click</a></code> event that was
|
|
fired by the steps above leading up to this point.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div><h5 id="transparent-content-models"><span class="secno">3.2.5.2 </span>Transparent content models</h5><p>Some elements are described as <dfn id="transparent">transparent</dfn>; they have
|
|
"transparent" in the description of their content model. The content
|
|
model of a <a href="#transparent">transparent</a> element is derived from the
|
|
content model of its parent element: the elements required in the
|
|
part of the content model that is "transparent" are the same
|
|
elements as required in the part of the content model of the parent
|
|
of the transparent element in which the transparent element finds
|
|
itself.</p><div class="example">
|
|
|
|
<p>For instance, an <code><a href="edits.html#the-ins-element">ins</a></code> element inside a
|
|
<code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-ruby-element">ruby</a></code> element cannot contain an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code>
|
|
element, because the part of the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-ruby-element">ruby</a></code> element's
|
|
content model that allows <code><a href="edits.html#the-ins-element">ins</a></code> elements is the part
|
|
that allows <a href="#phrasing-content">phrasing content</a>, and the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code>
|
|
element is not <a href="#phrasing-content">phrasing content</a>.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div><p class="note">In some cases, where transparent elements are nested
|
|
in each other, the process has to be applied iteratively.</p><div class="example">
|
|
|
|
<p>Consider the following markup fragment:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre><p><object><param><ins><map><a href="/">Apples</a></map></ins></object></p></pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>To check whether "Apples" is allowed inside the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code>
|
|
element, the content models are examined. The <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code>
|
|
element's content model is transparent, as is the <code><a href="the-map-element.html#the-map-element">map</a></code>
|
|
element's, as is the <code><a href="edits.html#the-ins-element">ins</a></code> element's, as is the part of
|
|
the <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-object-element">object</a></code> element's in which the <code><a href="edits.html#the-ins-element">ins</a></code>
|
|
element is found. The <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-object-element">object</a></code> element is found in the
|
|
<code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element, whose content model is <a href="#phrasing-content">phrasing
|
|
content</a>. Thus, "Apples" is allowed, as text is phrasing
|
|
content.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div><p>When a transparent element has no parent, then the part of its
|
|
content model that is "transparent" must instead be treated as
|
|
accepting any <a href="#flow-content">flow content</a>.</p><h5 id="paragraphs"><span class="secno">3.2.5.3 </span>Paragraphs</h5><p class="note">The term <a href="#paragraph">paragraph</a> as defined in this
|
|
section is distinct from (though related to) the <code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>
|
|
element defined later. The <a href="#paragraph">paragraph</a> concept defined
|
|
here is used to describe how to interpret documents.</p><p>A <dfn id="paragraph">paragraph</dfn> is typically a run of <a href="#phrasing-content">phrasing
|
|
content</a> that forms a block of text with one or more sentences
|
|
that discuss a particular topic, as in typography, but can also be
|
|
used for more general thematic grouping. For instance, an address is
|
|
also a paragraph, as is a part of a form, a byline, or a stanza in a
|
|
poem.</p><div class="example">
|
|
|
|
<p>In the following example, there are two paragraphs in a
|
|
section. There is also a heading, which contains phrasing content
|
|
that is not a paragraph. Note how the comments and
|
|
<a href="#inter-element-whitespace">inter-element whitespace</a> do not form paragraphs.</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre><section>
|
|
<h1>Example of paragraphs</h1>
|
|
This is the <em>first</em> paragraph in this example.
|
|
<p>This is the second.</p>
|
|
<!-- This is not a paragraph. -->
|
|
</section></pre>
|
|
|
|
</div><p>Paragraphs in <a href="#flow-content">flow content</a> are defined relative to
|
|
what the document looks like without the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code>,
|
|
<code><a href="edits.html#the-ins-element">ins</a></code>, <code><a href="edits.html#the-del-element">del</a></code>, and <code><a href="the-map-element.html#the-map-element">map</a></code> elements
|
|
complicating matters, since those elements, with their hybrid
|
|
content models, can straddle paragraph boundaries, as shown in the
|
|
first two examples below.</p><p class="note">Generally, having elements straddle paragraph
|
|
boundaries is best avoided. Maintaining such markup can be
|
|
difficult.</p><div class="example">
|
|
|
|
<p>The following example takes the markup from the earlier example
|
|
and puts <code><a href="edits.html#the-ins-element">ins</a></code> and <code><a href="edits.html#the-del-element">del</a></code> elements around some
|
|
of the markup to show that the text was changed (though in this
|
|
case, the changes admittedly don't make much sense). Notice how
|
|
this example has exactly the same paragraphs as the previous one,
|
|
despite the <code><a href="edits.html#the-ins-element">ins</a></code> and <code><a href="edits.html#the-del-element">del</a></code> elements —
|
|
the <code><a href="edits.html#the-ins-element">ins</a></code> element straddles the heading and the first
|
|
paragraph, and the <code><a href="edits.html#the-del-element">del</a></code> element straddles the boundary
|
|
between the two paragraphs.</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre><section>
|
|
<ins><h1>Example of paragraphs</h1>
|
|
This is the <em>first</em> paragraph in</ins> this example<del>.
|
|
<p>This is the second.</p></del>
|
|
<!-- This is not a paragraph. -->
|
|
</section></pre>
|
|
|
|
</div><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<p>Let <var title="">view</var> be a view of the DOM that replaces
|
|
all <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code>, <code><a href="edits.html#the-ins-element">ins</a></code>, <code><a href="edits.html#the-del-element">del</a></code>, and
|
|
<code><a href="the-map-element.html#the-map-element">map</a></code> elements in the document with their contents. Then,
|
|
in <var title="">view</var>, for each run of sibling <a href="#phrasing-content">phrasing
|
|
content</a> nodes uninterrupted by other types of content, in an
|
|
element that accepts content other than <a href="#phrasing-content">phrasing
|
|
content</a> as well as <a href="#phrasing-content">phrasing content</a>, let <var title="">first</var> be the first node of the run, and let <var title="">last</var> be the last node of the run. For each such run
|
|
that consists of at least one node that is neither <a href="#embedded-content">embedded
|
|
content</a> nor <a href="#inter-element-whitespace">inter-element whitespace</a>, a
|
|
paragraph exists in the original DOM from immediately before <var title="">first</var> to immediately after <var title="">last</var>. (Paragraphs can thus span across
|
|
<code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code>, <code><a href="edits.html#the-ins-element">ins</a></code>, <code><a href="edits.html#the-del-element">del</a></code>, and
|
|
<code><a href="the-map-element.html#the-map-element">map</a></code> elements.)</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Conformance checkers may warn authors of cases where they have
|
|
paragraphs that overlap each other (this can happen with
|
|
<code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-object-element">object</a></code>, <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-video-element">video</a></code>, <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-audio-element">audio</a></code>, and
|
|
<code><a href="the-canvas-element.html#the-canvas-element">canvas</a></code> elements, and indirectly through elements in
|
|
other namespaces that allow HTML to be further embedded therein,
|
|
like <code><a href="the-map-element.html#svg">svg</a></code> or <code><a href="the-map-element.html#math">math</a></code>).</p>
|
|
</div><p>A <a href="#paragraph">paragraph</a> is also formed explicitly by
|
|
<code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> elements.</p><p class="note">The <code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element can be used to wrap
|
|
individual paragraphs when there would otherwise not be any content
|
|
other than phrasing content to separate the paragraphs from each
|
|
other.</p><div class="example">
|
|
|
|
<p>In the following example, the link spans half of the first
|
|
paragraph, all of the heading separating the two paragraphs, and
|
|
half of the second paragraph. It straddles the paragraphs and the
|
|
heading.</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre><aside>
|
|
Welcome!
|
|
<a href="about.html">
|
|
This is home of...
|
|
<h1>The Falcons!</h1>
|
|
The Lockheed Martin multirole jet fighter aircraft!
|
|
</a>
|
|
This page discusses the F-16 Fighting Falcon's innermost secrets.
|
|
</aside></pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>Here is another way of marking this up, this time showing the
|
|
paragraphs explicitly, and splitting the one link element into
|
|
three:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre><aside>
|
|
<p>Welcome! <a href="about.html">This is home of...</a></p>
|
|
<h1><a href="about.html">The Falcons!</a></h1>
|
|
<p><a href="about.html">The Lockheed Martin multirole jet
|
|
fighter aircraft!</a> This page discusses the F-16 Fighting
|
|
Falcon's innermost secrets.</p>
|
|
</aside></pre>
|
|
|
|
</div><div class="example">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>It is possible for paragraphs to overlap when using certain
|
|
elements that define fallback content. For example, in the
|
|
following section:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre><section>
|
|
<h1>My Cats</h1>
|
|
You can play with my cat simulator.
|
|
<object data="cats.sim">
|
|
To see the cat simulator, use one of the following links:
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><a href="cats.sim">Download simulator file</a>
|
|
<li><a href="http://sims.example.com/watch?v=LYds5xY4INU">Use online simulator</a>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
Alternatively, upgrade to the Mellblom Browser.
|
|
</object>
|
|
I'm quite proud of it.
|
|
</section></pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>There are five paragraphs:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ol class="brief"><li>The paragraph that says "You can play with my cat
|
|
simulator. <i title="">object</i> I'm quite proud of it.", where
|
|
<i title="">object</i> is the <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-object-element">object</a></code> element.</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>The paragraph that says "To see the cat simulator, use one of
|
|
the following links:".</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>The paragraph that says "Download simulator file".</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>The paragraph that says "Use online simulator".</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>The paragraph that says "Alternatively, upgrade to the Mellblom Browser.".</li>
|
|
|
|
</ol><p>The first paragraph is overlapped by the other four. A user
|
|
agent that supports the "cats.sim" resource will only show the
|
|
first one, but a user agent that shows the fallback will
|
|
confusingly show the first sentence of the first paragraph as
|
|
if it was in the same paragraph as the second one, and will show
|
|
the last paragraph as if it was at the start of the second sentence
|
|
of the first paragraph.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>To avoid this confusion, explicit <code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> elements can be
|
|
used.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div><h4 id="requirements-relating-to-bidirectional-algorithm-formatting-characters"><span class="secno">3.2.6 </span>Requirements relating to bidirectional-algorithm formatting
|
|
characters</h4><p><a href="#text-content">Text content</a> in <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements">HTML elements</a> with
|
|
child <a href="infrastructure.html#text-node" title="text node">text nodes</a>, and text in
|
|
attributes of <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements">HTML elements</a> that allow free-form text,
|
|
may contain characters in the range U+202A to U+202E (the
|
|
bidirectional-algorithm formatting characters). However, the use of
|
|
these characters is restricted so that any embedding or overrides
|
|
generated by these characters do not start and end with different
|
|
parent elements, and so that all such embeddings and overrides are
|
|
explicitly terminated by a U+202C POP DIRECTIONAL FORMATTING
|
|
character. This helps reduce incidences of text being reused in a
|
|
manner that has unforeseen effects on the bidirectional
|
|
algorithm.</p><p>The aforementioned restrictions are defined by specifying that
|
|
certain parts of documents form <a href="#bidirectional-algorithm-formatting-character-ranges">bidirectional-algorithm
|
|
formatting character ranges</a>, and then imposing a requirement
|
|
on such ranges.</p><p>The string resulting from the concatenation of the data of all of
|
|
an <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements" title="HTML elements">HTML element</a>'s <a href="infrastructure.html#text-node" title="text node">text nodes</a>, if any, is a <a href="#bidirectional-algorithm-formatting-character-ranges" title="bidirectional-algorithm formatting character
|
|
ranges">bidirectional-algorithm formatting character
|
|
range</a>.</p><p>The value of a namespace-less attribute of an <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements" title="HTML
|
|
elements">HTML element</a> is a <a href="#bidirectional-algorithm-formatting-character-ranges" title="bidirectional-algorithm formatting character
|
|
ranges">bidirectional-algorithm formatting character
|
|
range</a>.</p><p>Any strings that, as described above, are
|
|
<dfn id="bidirectional-algorithm-formatting-character-ranges">bidirectional-algorithm formatting character ranges</dfn> must
|
|
match the <code title="">string</code> production in the following
|
|
ABNF, the character set for which is Unicode. <a href="references.html#refsABNF">[ABNF]</a></p><pre>string = *( plaintext ( embedding / override ) ) plaintext
|
|
embedding = ( lre / rle ) string pdf
|
|
override = ( lro / rlo ) string pdf
|
|
lre = %x202A ; U+202A LEFT-TO-RIGHT EMBEDDING
|
|
rle = %x202B ; U+202B RIGHT-TO-LEFT EMBEDDING
|
|
lro = %x202D ; U+202D LEFT-TO-RIGHT OVERRIDE
|
|
rlo = %x202E ; U+202E RIGHT-TO-LEFT OVERRIDE
|
|
pdf = %x202C ; U+202C POP DIRECTIONAL FORMATTING
|
|
plaintext = *( %x0000-2029 / %x202F-10FFFF )
|
|
; any string with no bidirectional-algorithm formatting characters</pre><p class="note">For convenience, where possible authors will likely
|
|
prefer to use the <code title="attr-dir"><a href="elements.html#the-dir-attribute">dir</a></code> attribute, the
|
|
<code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-bdo-element">bdo</a></code> element, and the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-bdi-element">bdi</a></code> element, rather
|
|
than maintaining the bidirectional-algorithm formatting characters
|
|
manually.</p><h4 id="wai-aria"><span class="secno">3.2.7 </span><dfn>WAI-ARIA</dfn></h4><p>Authors may use the ARIA <code title="attr-aria-role">role</code>
|
|
and <code title="attr-aria-*">aria-*</code> attributes on <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements">HTML
|
|
elements</a>, in accordance with the requirements described in
|
|
the ARIA specifications, except where these conflict with the
|
|
<span>strong native semantics</span>
|
|
described below. These exceptions are intended to prevent authors
|
|
from making assistive technology products report nonsensical states
|
|
that do not represent the actual state of the document. <a href="references.html#refsARIA">[ARIA]</a></p><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<p>User agents are required to implement ARIA semantics on all
|
|
<a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements">HTML elements</a>, as defined in the ARIA
|
|
specifications. The <span>implicit ARIA semantics</span> defined
|
|
below must be recognized by implementations. <a href="references.html#refsARIAIMPL">[ARIAIMPL]</a></p>
|
|
|
|
</div><p>The following table defines the <span>strong native
|
|
semantics</span> and corresponding <span>default implicit ARIA
|
|
semantics</span> that apply to <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements">HTML elements</a>. Each
|
|
language feature (element or attribute) in a cell in the first
|
|
column implies the ARIA semantics (role, states, and/or properties)
|
|
given in the cell in the second column of the same row. <span class="impl">When multiple rows apply to an element, the role from
|
|
the last row to define a role must be applied, and the states and
|
|
properties from all the rows must be combined.</span></p><table id="table-aria-strong"><thead><tr><th>Language feature
|
|
</th><th><span>Strong native semantics</span> and <span>default implied ARIA semantics</span>
|
|
|
|
</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code><a href="the-map-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code> element that creates a <a href="links.html#hyperlink">hyperlink</a>
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-link">link</code> role
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="semantics.html#the-base-element">base</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-datalist-element">datalist</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-listbox">listbox</code> role, with the <code title="attr-aria-multiselectable">aria-multiselectable</code> property set to "false"
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-details-element">details</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-expanded">aria-expanded</code> state set to "true" if the element's <code title="attr-details-open"><a href="interactive-elements.html#attr-details-open">open</a></code> attribute is present, and set to "false" otherwise
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="sections.html#the-hgroup-element">hgroup</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-heading">heading</code> role, with the <code title="attr-aria-level">aria-level</code> property set to the element's <a href="sections.html#outline-depth">outline depth</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-hr-element">hr</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-separator">separator</code> role
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="embedded-content-1.html#the-img-element">img</a></code> element whose <code title="attr-img-alt"><a href="embedded-content-1.html#attr-img-alt">alt</a></code> attribute's value is empty
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-presentation">presentation</code> role
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="number-state.html#checkbox-state" title="attr-input-type-checkbox">Checkbox</a> state
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-checked">aria-checked</code> state set to "mixed" if the element's <code title="dom-input-indeterminate"><a href="the-input-element.html#dom-input-indeterminate">indeterminate</a></code> IDL attribute is true, or "true" if the element's <a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#concept-fe-checked" title="concept-fe-checked">checkedness</a> is true, or "false" otherwise
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="number-state.html#color-state" title="attr-input-type-color">Color</a> state
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#date-state" title="attr-input-type-date">Date</a> state
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>, with the <code title="title-aria-readonly">aria-readonly</code> state set to "true" if the element has a <code title="attr-input-readonly"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#attr-input-readonly">readonly</a></code> attribute
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#date-and-time-state" title="attr-input-type-datetime">Date and Time</a> state
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>, with the <code title="title-aria-readonly">aria-readonly</code> state set to "true" if the element has a <code title="attr-input-readonly"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#attr-input-readonly">readonly</a></code> attribute
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#local-date-and-time-state" title="attr-input-type-datetime-local">Local Date and Time</a> state
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>, with the <code title="title-aria-readonly">aria-readonly</code> state set to "true" if the element has a <code title="attr-input-readonly"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#attr-input-readonly">readonly</a></code> attribute
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#e-mail-state" title="attr-input-type-email">E-mail</a> state with no <a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#concept-input-list" title="concept-input-list">suggestions source element</a>
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-textbox">textbox</code> role, with the <code title="title-aria-readonly">aria-readonly</code> state set to "true" if the element has a <code title="attr-input-readonly"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#attr-input-readonly">readonly</a></code> attribute
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="number-state.html#file-upload-state" title="attr-input-type-file">File Upload</a> state
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#hidden-state" title="attr-input-type-hidden">Hidden</a> state
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#month-state" title="attr-input-type-month">Month</a> state
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>, with the <code title="title-aria-readonly">aria-readonly</code> state set to "true" if the element has a <code title="attr-input-readonly"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#attr-input-readonly">readonly</a></code> attribute
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="number-state.html#number-state" title="attr-input-type-number">Number</a> state
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-spinbutton">spinbutton</code> role, with the <code title="title-aria-readonly">aria-readonly</code> state set to "true" if the element has a <code title="attr-input-readonly"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#attr-input-readonly">readonly</a></code> attribute, the <code title="attr-aria-valuemax">aria-valuemax</code> property set to the element's <a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#concept-input-max" title="concept-input-max">maximum</a>, the <code title="attr-aria-valuemin">aria-valuemin</code> property set to the element's <a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#concept-input-min" title="concept-input-min">minimum</a>, and, if the result of applying the <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#rules-for-parsing-floating-point-number-values">rules for parsing floating point number values</a> to the element's <a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#concept-fe-value" title="concept-fe-value">value</a> is a number, with the <code title="attr-aria-valuenow">aria-valuenow</code> property set to that number
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#password-state" title="attr-input-type-password">Password</a> state
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-textbox">textbox</code> role, with the <code title="title-aria-readonly">aria-readonly</code> state set to "true" if the element has a <code title="attr-input-readonly"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#attr-input-readonly">readonly</a></code> attribute
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="number-state.html#radio-button-state" title="attr-input-type-radio">Radio Button</a> state
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-checked">aria-checked</code> state set to "true" if the element's <a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#concept-fe-checked" title="concept-fe-checked">checkedness</a> is true, or "false" otherwise
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="number-state.html#range-state" title="attr-input-type-range">Range</a> state
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-slider">slider</code> role, with the <code title="attr-aria-valuemax">aria-valuemax</code> property set to the element's <a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#concept-input-max" title="concept-input-max">maximum</a>, the <code title="attr-aria-valuemin">aria-valuemin</code> property set to the element's <a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#concept-input-min" title="concept-input-min">minimum</a>, and the <code title="attr-aria-valuenow">aria-valuenow</code> property set to the result of applying the <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#rules-for-parsing-floating-point-number-values">rules for parsing floating point number values</a> to the element's <a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#concept-fe-value" title="concept-fe-value">value</a>, if that results in a number, or the <a href="number-state.html#concept-input-value-default-range" title="concept-input-value-default-range">default value</a> otherwise
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="number-state.html#reset-button-state" title="attr-input-type-reset">Reset Button</a> state
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-button">button</code> role
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#text-state-and-search-state" title="attr-input-type-search">Search</a> state with no <a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#concept-input-list" title="concept-input-list">suggestions source element</a>
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-textbox">textbox</code> role, with the <code title="title-aria-readonly">aria-readonly</code> state set to "true" if the element has a <code title="attr-input-readonly"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#attr-input-readonly">readonly</a></code> attribute
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="number-state.html#submit-button-state" title="attr-input-type-submit">Submit Button</a> state
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-button">button</code> role
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#telephone-state" title="attr-input-type-tel">Telephone</a> state with no <a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#concept-input-list" title="concept-input-list">suggestions source element</a>
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-textbox">textbox</code> role, with the <code title="title-aria-readonly">aria-readonly</code> state set to "true" if the element has a <code title="attr-input-readonly"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#attr-input-readonly">readonly</a></code> attribute
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#text-state-and-search-state" title="attr-input-type-text">Text</a> state with no <a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#concept-input-list" title="concept-input-list">suggestions source element</a>
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-textbox">textbox</code> role, with the <code title="title-aria-readonly">aria-readonly</code> state set to "true" if the element has a <code title="attr-input-readonly"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#attr-input-readonly">readonly</a></code> attribute
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#text-state-and-search-state" title="attr-input-type-text">Text</a>, <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#text-state-and-search-state" title="attr-input-type-search">Search</a>, <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#telephone-state" title="attr-input-type-tel">Telephone</a>, <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#url-state" title="attr-input-type-url">URL</a>, or <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#e-mail-state" title="attr-input-type-email">E-mail</a> states with a <a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#concept-input-list" title="concept-input-list">suggestions source element</a>
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-combobox">combobox</code> role, with the <code title="attr-aria-owns">aria-owns</code> property set to the same value as the <code title="attr-input-list"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#attr-input-list">list</a></code> attribute, and the <code title="title-aria-readonly">aria-readonly</code> state set to "true" if the element has a <code title="attr-input-readonly"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#attr-input-readonly">readonly</a></code> attribute
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#time-state" title="attr-input-type-time">Time</a> state
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>, with the <code title="title-aria-readonly">aria-readonly</code> state set to "true" if the element has a <code title="attr-input-readonly"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#attr-input-readonly">readonly</a></code> attribute
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#url-state" title="attr-input-type-url">URL</a> state with no <a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#concept-input-list" title="concept-input-list">suggestions source element</a>
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-textbox">textbox</code> role, with the <code title="title-aria-readonly">aria-readonly</code> state set to "true" if the element has a <code title="attr-input-readonly"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#attr-input-readonly">readonly</a></code> attribute
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#week-state" title="attr-input-type-week">Week</a> state
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>, with the <code title="title-aria-readonly">aria-readonly</code> state set to "true" if the element has a <code title="attr-input-readonly"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#attr-input-readonly">readonly</a></code> attribute
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element that is <a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#concept-input-required" title="concept-input-required">required</a>
|
|
</td><td>The <code title="title-aria-required">aria-required</code> state set to "true"
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-keygen-element">keygen</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="forms.html#the-label-element">label</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="semantics.html#the-link-element">link</a></code> element that creates a <a href="links.html#hyperlink">hyperlink</a>
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-link">link</code> role
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-menu-element">menu</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-menu-type"><a href="interactive-elements.html#attr-menu-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="interactive-elements.html#context-menu-state" title="context menu state">context menu</a> state
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-menu-element">menu</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-menu-type"><a href="interactive-elements.html#attr-menu-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="interactive-elements.html#list-state" title="list state">list</a> state
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-menu">menu</code> role
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-menu-element">menu</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-menu-type"><a href="interactive-elements.html#attr-menu-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="interactive-elements.html#toolbar-state" title="toolbar state">toolbar</a> state
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-toolbar">toolbar</code> role
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="semantics.html#the-meta-element">meta</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-meter-element">meter</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="sections.html#the-nav-element">nav</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-navigation">navigation</code> role
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="scripting-1.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element that is in a <a href="the-button-element.html#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a> or that represents a suggestion in a <code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-datalist-element">datalist</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-option">option</code> role, with the <code title="attr-aria-selected">aria-selected</code> state set to "true" if the element's <a href="the-button-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> is true, or "false" otherwise.
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-param-element">param</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-progress-element">progress</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-progressbar">progressbar</code> role, with, if the progress bar is determinate, the <code title="attr-aria-valuemax">aria-valuemax</code> property set to the maximum value of the progress bar, the <code title="attr-aria-valuemin">aria-valuemin</code> property set to zero, and the <code title="attr-aria-valuenow">aria-valuenow</code> property set to the current value of the progress bar
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="scripting-1.html#the-script-element">script</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-select-element">select</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-select-multiple"><a href="the-button-element.html#attr-select-multiple">multiple</a></code> attribute
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-listbox">listbox</code> role, with the <code title="attr-aria-multiselectable">aria-multiselectable</code> property set to "true"
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-select-element">select</a></code> element with no <code title="attr-select-multiple"><a href="the-button-element.html#attr-select-multiple">multiple</a></code> attribute
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-listbox">listbox</code> role, with the <code title="attr-aria-multiselectable">aria-multiselectable</code> property set to "false"
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-select-element">select</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-select-required"><a href="the-button-element.html#attr-select-required">required</a></code> attribute
|
|
</td><td>The <code title="title-aria-required">aria-required</code> state set to "true"
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-source-element">source</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-summary-element">summary</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-textbox">textbox</code> role, with the <code title="attr-aria-multiline">aria-multiline</code> property set to "true", and the <code title="title-aria-readonly">aria-readonly</code> state set to "true" if the element has a <code title="attr-textarea-readonly"><a href="the-button-element.html#attr-textarea-readonly">readonly</a></code> attribute
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-textarea-required"><a href="the-button-element.html#attr-textarea-required">required</a></code> attribute
|
|
</td><td>The <code title="title-aria-required">aria-required</code> state set to "true"
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="semantics.html#the-title-element">title</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td>An element that <a href="commands.html#concept-command" title="concept-command">defines a command</a>, whose <a href="commands.html#command-facet-type" title="command-facet-type">Type</a> facet is "checkbox", and that is a descendant of a <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-menu-element">menu</a></code> element whose <code title="attr-menu-type"><a href="interactive-elements.html#attr-menu-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="interactive-elements.html#list-state" title="list state">list</a> state
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemcheckbox">menuitemcheckbox</code> role, with the <code title="attr-aria-checked">aria-checked</code> state set to "true" if the command's <a href="commands.html#command-facet-checkedstate" title="command-facet-checkedstate">Checked State</a> facet is true, and "false" otherwise
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td>An element that <a href="commands.html#concept-command" title="concept-command">defines a command</a>, whose <a href="commands.html#command-facet-type" title="command-facet-type">Type</a> facet is "command", and that is a descendant of a <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-menu-element">menu</a></code> element whose <code title="attr-menu-type"><a href="interactive-elements.html#attr-menu-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="interactive-elements.html#list-state" title="list state">list</a> state
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-menuitem">menuitem</code> role
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td>An element that <a href="commands.html#concept-command" title="concept-command">defines a command</a>, whose <a href="commands.html#command-facet-type" title="command-facet-type">Type</a> facet is "radio", and that is a descendant of a <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-menu-element">menu</a></code> element whose <code title="attr-menu-type"><a href="interactive-elements.html#attr-menu-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="interactive-elements.html#list-state" title="list state">list</a> state
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemradio">menuitemradio</code> role, with the <code title="attr-aria-checked">aria-checked</code> state set to "true" if the command's <a href="commands.html#command-facet-checkedstate" title="command-facet-checkedstate">Checked State</a> facet is true, and "false" otherwise
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td>Element that is <a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#concept-fe-disabled" title="concept-fe-disabled">disabled</a>
|
|
</td><td>The <code title="title-aria-disabled">aria-disabled</code> state set to "true"
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td>Element with a <code title="attr-hidden"><a href="editing.html#the-hidden-attribute">hidden</a></code> attribute
|
|
</td><td>The <code title="title-aria-hidden">aria-hidden</code> state set to "true"
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td>Element that is a <a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#candidate-for-constraint-validation">candidate for constraint validation</a> but that does not <a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#concept-fv-valid" title="concept-fv-valid">satisfy its constraints</a>
|
|
</td><td>The <code title="title-aria-invalid">aria-invalid</code> state set to "true"
|
|
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Some <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements">HTML elements</a> have native semantics that can be
|
|
overridden. The following table lists these elements and their
|
|
<span>default implicit ARIA semantics</span>, along with the
|
|
restrictions that apply to those elements. Each language feature
|
|
(element or attribute) in a cell in the first column implies, unless
|
|
otherwise overridden, the ARIA semantic (role, state, or property)
|
|
given in the cell in the second column of the same row, but this
|
|
semantic may be overridden under the conditions listed in the cell
|
|
in the third column of that row. In addition, any element may be
|
|
given the <code title="attr-aria-role-presentation">presentation</code> role,
|
|
regardless of the restrictions below.</p><table id="table-aria-weak"><thead><tr><th>Language feature
|
|
</th><th>Default implied ARIA semantic
|
|
</th><th>Restrictions
|
|
|
|
</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> element that creates a <a href="links.html#hyperlink">hyperlink</a>
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-link">link</code> role
|
|
</td><td>Role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-link">link</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-button">button</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-checkbox">checkbox</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitem">menuitem</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemcheckbox">menuitemcheckbox</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemradio">menuitemradio</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-tab">tab</code>, or <code title="attr-aria-role-treeitem">treeitem</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="sections.html#the-address-element">address</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
</td><td>If specified, role must be <code title="attr-aria-role-contentinfo">contentinfo</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="sections.html#the-article-element">article</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-article">article</code> role
|
|
</td><td>Role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-article">article</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-document">document</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-application">application</code>, or <code title="attr-aria-role-main">main</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="sections.html#the-aside-element">aside</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-note">note</code> role
|
|
</td><td>Role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-note">note</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-complementary">complementary</code>, or <code title="attr-aria-role-search">search</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-audio-element">audio</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
</td><td>If specified, role must be <code title="attr-aria-role-application">application</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-button-element">button</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-button">button</code> role
|
|
</td><td>Role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-button">button</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-link">link</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitem">menuitem</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemcheckbox">menuitemcheckbox</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemradio">menuitemradio</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-radio">radio</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-details-element">details</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-group">group</code> role
|
|
</td><td>Role must be a role that supports <code title="attr-aria-expanded">aria-expanded</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
</td><td>If specified, role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-application">application</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-document">document</code>, or <code title="attr-aria-role-img">img</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="sections.html#the-footer-element">footer</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
</td><td>If specified, role must be <code title="attr-aria-role-contentinfo">contentinfo</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="sections.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h1</a></code> element that does not have an <code><a href="sections.html#the-hgroup-element">hgroup</a></code> ancestor
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-heading">heading</code> role, with the <code title="attr-aria-level">aria-level</code> property set to the element's <a href="sections.html#outline-depth">outline depth</a>
|
|
</td><td>Role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-link">link</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitem">menuitem</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemcheckbox">menuitemcheckbox</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemradio">menuitemradio</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-tab">tab</code>, or <code title="attr-aria-role-treeitem">treeitem</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="sections.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h2</a></code> element that does not have an <code><a href="sections.html#the-hgroup-element">hgroup</a></code> ancestor
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-heading">heading</code> role, with the <code title="attr-aria-level">aria-level</code> property set to the element's <a href="sections.html#outline-depth">outline depth</a>
|
|
</td><td>Role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-link">link</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitem">menuitem</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemcheckbox">menuitemcheckbox</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemradio">menuitemradio</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-tab">tab</code>, or <code title="attr-aria-role-treeitem">treeitem</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="sections.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h3</a></code> element that does not have an <code><a href="sections.html#the-hgroup-element">hgroup</a></code> ancestor
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-heading">heading</code> role, with the <code title="attr-aria-level">aria-level</code> property set to the element's <a href="sections.html#outline-depth">outline depth</a>
|
|
</td><td>Role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-link">link</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitem">menuitem</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemcheckbox">menuitemcheckbox</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemradio">menuitemradio</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-tab">tab</code>, or <code title="attr-aria-role-treeitem">treeitem</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="sections.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h4</a></code> element that does not have an <code><a href="sections.html#the-hgroup-element">hgroup</a></code> ancestor
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-heading">heading</code> role, with the <code title="attr-aria-level">aria-level</code> property set to the element's <a href="sections.html#outline-depth">outline depth</a>
|
|
</td><td>Role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-link">link</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitem">menuitem</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemcheckbox">menuitemcheckbox</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemradio">menuitemradio</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-tab">tab</code>, or <code title="attr-aria-role-treeitem">treeitem</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="sections.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h5</a></code> element that does not have an <code><a href="sections.html#the-hgroup-element">hgroup</a></code> ancestor
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-heading">heading</code> role, with the <code title="attr-aria-level">aria-level</code> property set to the element's <a href="sections.html#outline-depth">outline depth</a>
|
|
</td><td>Role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-link">link</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitem">menuitem</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemcheckbox">menuitemcheckbox</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemradio">menuitemradio</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-tab">tab</code>, or <code title="attr-aria-role-treeitem">treeitem</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="sections.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h6</a></code> element that does not have an <code><a href="sections.html#the-hgroup-element">hgroup</a></code> ancestor
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-heading">heading</code> role, with the <code title="attr-aria-level">aria-level</code> property set to the element's <a href="sections.html#outline-depth">outline depth</a>
|
|
</td><td>Role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-link">link</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitem">menuitem</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemcheckbox">menuitemcheckbox</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemradio">menuitemradio</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-tab">tab</code>, or <code title="attr-aria-role-treeitem">treeitem</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="sections.html#the-header-element">header</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
</td><td>If specified, role must be <code title="attr-aria-role-banner">banner</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
</td><td>If specified, role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-application">application</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-document">document</code>, or <code title="attr-aria-role-img">img</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="embedded-content-1.html#the-img-element">img</a></code> element whose <code title="attr-img-alt"><a href="embedded-content-1.html#attr-img-alt">alt</a></code> attribute's value is absent
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-img">img</code> role
|
|
</td><td>No restrictions
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="embedded-content-1.html#the-img-element">img</a></code> element whose <code title="attr-img-alt"><a href="embedded-content-1.html#attr-img-alt">alt</a></code> attribute's value is present and not empty
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-img">img</code> role
|
|
</td><td>No restrictions
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="number-state.html#button-state" title="attr-input-type-button">Button</a> state
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-button">button</code> role
|
|
</td><td>Role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-button">button</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-link">link</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitem">menuitem</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemcheckbox">menuitemcheckbox</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemradio">menuitemradio</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-radio">radio</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="number-state.html#checkbox-state" title="attr-input-type-checkbox">Checkbox</a> state
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-checkbox">checkbox</code> role
|
|
</td><td>Role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-checkbox">checkbox</code> or <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemcheckbox">menuitemcheckbox</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="number-state.html#image-button-state" title="attr-input-type-image">Image Button</a> state
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-button">button</code> role
|
|
</td><td>Role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-button">button</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-link">link</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitem">menuitem</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemcheckbox">menuitemcheckbox</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemradio">menuitemradio</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-radio">radio</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element with a <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute in the <a href="number-state.html#radio-button-state" title="attr-input-type-radio">Radio Button</a> state
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-radio">radio</code> role
|
|
</td><td>Role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-radio">radio</code> or <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemradio">menuitemradio</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element whose parent is an <code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-ol-element">ol</a></code> or <code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-listitem">listitem</code> role
|
|
</td><td>Role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-listitem">listitem</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemcheckbox">menuitemcheckbox</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menuitemradio">menuitemradio</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-option">option</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-tab">tab</code>, or <code title="attr-aria-role-treeitem">treeitem</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-object-element">object</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
</td><td>If specified, role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-application">application</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-document">document</code>, or <code title="attr-aria-role-img">img</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-ol-element">ol</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-list">list</code> role
|
|
</td><td>Role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-directory">directory</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-list">list</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-listbox">listbox</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menu">menu</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menubar">menubar</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-tablist">tablist</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-toolbar ">toolbar</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-tree">tree</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-output-element">output</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-status">status</code> role
|
|
</td><td>No restrictions
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="sections.html#the-section-element">section</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-region">region</code> role
|
|
</td><td>Role must be either
|
|
<code title="attr-aria-role-alert">alert</code>,
|
|
<code title="attr-aria-role-alertdialog">alertdialog</code>,
|
|
<code title="attr-aria-role-application">application</code>,
|
|
<code title="attr-aria-role-contentinfo">contentinfo</code>,
|
|
<code title="attr-aria-role-dialog">dialog</code>,
|
|
<code title="attr-aria-role-document">document</code>,
|
|
<code title="attr-aria-role-log">log</code>,
|
|
<code title="attr-aria-role-main">main</code>,
|
|
<code title="attr-aria-role-marquee">marquee</code>,
|
|
<code title="attr-aria-role-region">region</code>,
|
|
<code title="attr-aria-role-search">search</code>, or
|
|
<code title="attr-aria-role-status">status</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-list">list</code> role
|
|
</td><td>Role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-directory">directory</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-list">list</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-listbox">listbox</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menu">menu</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-menubar">menubar</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-tablist">tablist</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-toolbar ">toolbar</code>, <code title="attr-aria-role-tree">tree</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-video-element">video</a></code> element
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">No role</a>
|
|
</td><td>If specified, role must be <code title="attr-aria-role-application">application</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><a href="dom.html#the-body-element-0">The body element</a>
|
|
</td><td><code title="attr-aria-role-document">document</code> role
|
|
</td><td>Role must be either <code title="attr-aria-role-document">document</code> or <code title="attr-aria-role-application">application</code>
|
|
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The entry "<dfn id="concept-role-none" title="concept-role-none">no role</dfn>", when
|
|
used as a <span title="strong native semantics">strong native
|
|
semantic</span>, means that no role other than <code title="attr-aria-role-presentation">presentation</code> can be used.
|
|
When used as a <span title="default implied ARIA semantics">default
|
|
implied ARIA semantic</span>, it means the user agent has no default
|
|
mapping to ARIA roles. (However, it probably will have its own
|
|
mappings to the accessibility layer.)</p><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<p>The WAI-ARIA specification neither requires or forbids user
|
|
agents from enhancing native presentation and interaction behaviors
|
|
on the basis of WAI- ARIA markup. Even mainstream user agents might
|
|
choose to expose metadata or navigational features directly or via
|
|
user-installed extensions; for example, exposing required form
|
|
fields or landmark navigation. User agents are encouraged to
|
|
maximize their usefulness to users, including users without
|
|
disabilities.</p>
|
|
<!-- EDITORIAL -->
|
|
|
|
<p>Conformance checkers are encouraged to phrase errors such that
|
|
authors are encouraged to use more appropriate elements rather than
|
|
remove accessibility annotations. For example, if an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code>
|
|
element is marked as having the <code title="attr-aria-role-button">button</code> role, a conformance
|
|
checker could say "Use a more appropriate element to represent a
|
|
button, for example a <code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-button-element">button</a></code> element or an
|
|
<code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element" rather than "The <code title="attr-aria-role-button">button</code> role cannot be used with
|
|
<code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> elements".</p>
|
|
|
|
</div><div class="example">
|
|
|
|
<p>These features can be used to make accessibility tools render
|
|
content to their users in more useful ways. For example, ASCII art,
|
|
which is really an image, appears to be text, and in the absence of
|
|
appropriate annotations would end up being rendered by screen
|
|
readers as a very painful reading of lots of punctuation. Using the
|
|
features described in this section, one can instead make the ATs
|
|
skip the ASCII art and just read the caption:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre><figure <strong>role="img" aria-labelledby="fish-caption"</strong>>
|
|
<pre>
|
|
o .'`/
|
|
' / (
|
|
O .-'` ` `'-._ .')
|
|
_/ (o) '. .' /
|
|
) ))) >< <
|
|
`\ |_\ _.' '. \
|
|
'-._ _ .-' '.)
|
|
jgs `\__\
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<figcaption <strong>id="fish-caption"</strong>>
|
|
Joan G. Stark, "<cite>fish</cite>".
|
|
October 1997. ASCII on electrons. 28×8.
|
|
</figcaption>
|
|
</figure>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div></body></html>
|