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1489 lines
85 KiB
1489 lines
85 KiB
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html lang="en-US-x-Hixie" ><head><title>7 User interaction — HTML5 </title><style type="text/css">
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pre { margin-left: 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; }
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h2 { margin: 3em 0 1em 0; }
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h3 { margin: 2.5em 0 1em 0; }
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h4 { margin: 2.5em 0 0.75em 0; }
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h5, h6 { margin: 2.5em 0 1em; }
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h1 + h2, h1 + h2 + h2 { margin: 0.75em 0 0.75em; }
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h2 + h3, h3 + h4, h4 + h5, h5 + h6 { margin-top: 0.5em; }
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p { margin: 1em 0; }
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hr:not(.top) { display: block; background: none; border: none; padding: 0; margin: 2em 0; height: auto; }
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dl, dd { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; }
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dt { margin-top: 0.75em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; clear: left; }
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dt + dt { margin-top: 0; }
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dd dt { margin-top: 0.25em; margin-bottom: 0; }
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dd p { margin-top: 0; }
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dd dl + p { margin-top: 1em; }
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dd table + p { margin-top: 1em; }
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p + * > li, dd li { margin: 1em 0; }
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dt, dfn { font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; }
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dt dfn { font-style: italic; }
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pre, code { font-size: inherit; font-family: monospace; font-variant: normal; }
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pre strong { color: black; font: inherit; font-weight: bold; background: yellow; }
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pre em { font-weight: bolder; font-style: normal; }
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@media screen { code { color: orangered; } code :link, code :visited { color: inherit; } }
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var sub { vertical-align: bottom; font-size: smaller; position: relative; top: 0.1em; }
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table { border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden hidden none hidden; }
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table thead, table tbody { border-bottom: solid; }
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table tbody th:first-child { border-left: solid; }
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table tbody th { text-align: left; }
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table td, table th { border-left: solid; border-right: solid; border-bottom: solid thin; vertical-align: top; padding: 0.2em; }
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blockquote { margin: 0 0 0 2em; border: 0; padding: 0; font-style: italic; }
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.bad, .bad *:not(.XXX) { color: gray; border-color: gray; background: transparent; }
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.matrix, .matrix td { border: none; text-align: right; }
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.matrix { margin-left: 2em; }
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.dice-example { border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden solid solid hidden; border-width: thin; margin-left: 3em; }
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.dice-example caption { width: 30em; font-size: smaller; font-style: italic; padding: 0.75em 0; text-align: left; }
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.dice-example td, .dice-example th { border: solid thin; width: 1.35em; height: 1.05em; text-align: center; padding: 0; }
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.toc dfn, h1 dfn, h2 dfn, h3 dfn, h4 dfn, h5 dfn, h6 dfn { font: inherit; }
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img.extra { float: right; }
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pre.idl { border: solid thin; background: #EEEEEE; color: black; padding: 0.5em 1em; }
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pre.idl :link, pre.idl :visited { color: inherit; background: transparent; }
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pre.css { border: solid thin; background: #FFFFEE; color: black; padding: 0.5em 1em; }
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pre.css:first-line { color: #AAAA50; }
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dl.domintro { color: green; margin: 2em 0 2em 2em; padding: 0.5em 1em; border: none; background: #DDFFDD; }
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hr + dl.domintro, div.impl + dl.domintro { margin-top: 2.5em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; }
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dl.domintro dt, dl.domintro dt * { color: black; text-decoration: none; }
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dl.domintro dd { margin: 0.5em 0 1em 2em; padding: 0; }
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dl.domintro dd p { margin: 0.5em 0; }
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dl.switch { padding-left: 2em; }
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dl.switch > dt { text-indent: -1.5em; }
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dl.switch > dt:before { content: '\21AA'; padding: 0 0.5em 0 0; display: inline-block; width: 1em; text-align: right; line-height: 0.5em; }
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dl.triple { padding: 0 0 0 1em; }
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dl.triple dt, dl.triple dd { margin: 0; display: inline }
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dl.triple dt:after { content: ':'; }
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dl.triple dd:after { content: '\A'; white-space: pre; }
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.diff-old { text-decoration: line-through; color: silver; background: transparent; }
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.diff-chg, .diff-new { text-decoration: underline; color: green; background: transparent; }
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a .diff-new { border-bottom: 1px blue solid; }
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h2 { page-break-before: always; }
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h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { page-break-after: avoid; }
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h1 + h2, hr + h2.no-toc { page-break-before: auto; }
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p > span:not([title=""]):not([class="XXX"]):not([class="impl"]):not([class="note"]),
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li > span:not([title=""]):not([class="XXX"]):not([class="impl"]):not([class="note"]), { border-bottom: solid #9999CC; }
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div.head { margin: 0 0 1em; padding: 1em 0 0 0; }
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div.head p { margin: 0; }
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div.head h1 { margin: 0; }
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div.head .logo { float: right; margin: 0 1em; }
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div.head .logo img { border: none } /* remove border from top image */
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div.head dl { margin: 1em 0; }
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div.head p.copyright, div.head p.alt { font-size: x-small; font-style: oblique; margin: 0; }
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body > .toc > li { margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; }
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body > .toc.brief > li { margin-top: 0.35em; margin-bottom: 0.35em; }
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body > .toc > li > * { margin-bottom: 0.5em; }
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body > .toc > li > * > li > * { margin-bottom: 0.25em; }
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.toc, .toc li { list-style: none; }
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.brief { margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; line-height: 1.1; }
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.brief li { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
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.brief li p { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
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.category-list { margin-top: -0.75em; margin-bottom: 1em; line-height: 1.5; }
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.category-list::before { content: '\21D2\A0'; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: 900; }
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.category-list li { display: inline; }
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.category-list li:not(:last-child)::after { content: ', '; }
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.category-list li > span, .category-list li > a { text-transform: lowercase; }
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.category-list li * { text-transform: none; } /* don't affect <code> nested in <a> */
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.XXX { color: #E50000; background: white; border: solid red; padding: 0.5em; margin: 1em 0; }
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.XXX > :first-child { margin-top: 0; }
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p .XXX { line-height: 3em; }
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.annotation { border: solid thin black; background: #0C479D; color: white; position: relative; margin: 8px 0 20px 0; }
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.annotation:before { position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: 6px -6px -6px 6px; background: #333333; z-index: -1; content: ''; }
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.annotation :link, .annotation :visited { color: inherit; }
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.annotation :link:hover, .annotation :visited:hover { background: transparent; }
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.annotation span { border: none ! important; }
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.note { color: green; background: transparent; font-family: sans-serif; }
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.warning { color: red; background: transparent; }
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.note, .warning { font-weight: bolder; font-style: italic; }
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p.note, div.note { padding: 0.5em 2em; }
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span.note { padding: 0 2em; }
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.note p:first-child, .warning p:first-child { margin-top: 0; }
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.note p:last-child, .warning p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
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.warning:before { font-style: normal; }
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p.note:before { content: 'Note: '; }
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p.warning:before { content: '\26A0 Warning! '; }
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.bookkeeping:before { display: block; content: 'Bookkeeping details'; font-weight: bolder; font-style: italic; }
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.bookkeeping { font-size: 0.8em; margin: 2em 0; }
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.bookkeeping p { margin: 0.5em 2em; display: list-item; list-style: square; }
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.bookkeeping dt { margin: 0.5em 2em 0; }
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.bookkeeping dd { margin: 0 3em 0.5em; }
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h4 { position: relative; z-index: 3; }
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h4 + .element, h4 + div + .element { margin-top: -2.5em; padding-top: 2em; }
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.element {
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background: #EEEEFF;
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color: black;
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margin: 0 0 1em 0.15em;
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padding: 0 1em 0.25em 0.75em;
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border-left: solid #9999FF 0.25em;
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position: relative;
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z-index: 1;
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}
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.element:before {
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position: absolute;
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z-index: 2;
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top: 0;
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left: -1.15em;
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height: 2em;
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width: 0.9em;
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background: #EEEEFF;
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content: ' ';
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border-style: none none solid solid;
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border-color: #9999FF;
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border-width: 0.25em;
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}
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.example { display: block; color: #222222; background: #FCFCFC; border-left: double; margin-left: 2em; padding-left: 1em; }
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td > .example:only-child { margin: 0 0 0 0.1em; }
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ul.domTree, ul.domTree ul { padding: 0 0 0 1em; margin: 0; }
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ul.domTree li { padding: 0; margin: 0; list-style: none; position: relative; }
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ul.domTree li li { list-style: none; }
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ul.domTree li:first-child::before { position: absolute; top: 0; height: 0.6em; left: -0.75em; width: 0.5em; border-style: none none solid solid; content: ''; border-width: 0.1em; }
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ul.domTree li:not(:last-child)::after { position: absolute; top: 0; bottom: -0.6em; left: -0.75em; width: 0.5em; border-style: none none solid solid; content: ''; border-width: 0.1em; }
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ul.domTree span { font-style: italic; font-family: serif; }
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ul.domTree .t1 code { color: purple; font-weight: bold; }
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ul.domTree .t2 { font-style: normal; font-family: monospace; }
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ul.domTree .t2 .name { color: black; font-weight: bold; }
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ul.domTree .t2 .value { color: blue; font-weight: normal; }
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ul.domTree .t3 code, .domTree .t4 code, .domTree .t5 code { color: gray; }
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ul.domTree .t7 code, .domTree .t8 code { color: green; }
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ul.domTree .t10 code { color: teal; }
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body.dfnEnabled dfn { cursor: pointer; }
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.dfnPanel {
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display: inline;
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position: absolute;
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z-index: 10;
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height: auto;
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width: auto;
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padding: 0.5em 0.75em;
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font: small sans-serif, Droid Sans Fallback;
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background: #DDDDDD;
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color: black;
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border: outset 0.2em;
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}
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.dfnPanel * { margin: 0; padding: 0; font: inherit; text-indent: 0; }
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.dfnPanel :link, .dfnPanel :visited { color: black; }
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.dfnPanel p { font-weight: bolder; }
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.dfnPanel * + p { margin-top: 0.25em; }
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.dfnPanel li { list-style-position: inside; }
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#configUI { position: absolute; z-index: 20; top: 10em; right: 1em; width: 11em; font-size: small; }
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#configUI p { margin: 0.5em 0; padding: 0.3em; background: #EEEEEE; color: black; border: inset thin; }
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#configUI p label { display: block; }
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#configUI #updateUI, #configUI .loginUI { text-align: center; }
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#configUI input[type=button] { display: block; margin: auto; }
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fieldset { margin: 1em; padding: 0.5em 1em; }
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fieldset > legend + * { margin-top: 0; }
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fieldset > :last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
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fieldset p { margin: 0.5em 0; }
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.stability {
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position: fixed;
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bottom: 0;
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left: 0; right: 0;
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margin: 0 auto 0 auto !important;
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z-index: 1000;
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width: 50%;
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background: maroon; color: yellow;
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-webkit-border-radius: 1em 1em 0 0;
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-moz-border-radius: 1em 1em 0 0;
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border-radius: 1em 1em 0 0;
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-moz-box-shadow: 0 0 1em #500;
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-webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 1em #500;
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box-shadow: 0 0 1em red;
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padding: 0.5em 1em;
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text-align: center;
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}
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.stability strong {
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display: block;
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}
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.stability input {
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appearance: none; margin: 0; border: 0; padding: 0.25em 0.5em; background: transparent; color: black;
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position: absolute; top: -0.5em; right: 0; font: 1.25em sans-serif; text-align: center;
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}
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.stability input:hover {
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color: white;
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text-shadow: 0 0 2px black;
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}
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.stability input:active {
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padding: 0.3em 0.45em 0.2em 0.55em;
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}
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.stability :link, .stability :visited,
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.stability :link:hover, .stability :visited:hover {
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background: transparent;
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color: white;
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}
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</style><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20%7B%20display:%20none;%20%7D%0Ahtml%20%7B%20border:%20solid%20yellow;%20%7D%20.domintro:before%20%7B%20display:%20none;%20%7D" id="author" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Author documentation only"><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20%7B%20background:%20%23FFEEEE;%20%7D%20.domintro:before%20%7B%20background:%20%23FFEEEE;%20%7D" id="highlight" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Highlight implementation
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requirements"><link href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-WD" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"><style type="text/css">
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.applies thead th > * { display: block; }
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.applies thead code { display: block; }
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.applies tbody th { whitespace: nowrap; }
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.applies td { text-align: center; }
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.applies .yes { background: yellow; }
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.matrix, .matrix td { border: hidden; text-align: right; }
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.matrix { margin-left: 2em; }
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.dice-example { border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden solid solid hidden; border-width: thin; margin-left: 3em; }
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.dice-example caption { width: 30em; font-size: smaller; font-style: italic; padding: 0.75em 0; text-align: left; }
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.dice-example td, .dice-example th { border: solid thin; width: 1.35em; height: 1.05em; text-align: center; padding: 0; }
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td.eg { border-width: thin; text-align: center; }
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#table-example-1 { border: solid thin; border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 3em; }
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#table-example-1 * { font-family: "Essays1743", serif; line-height: 1.01em; }
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#table-example-1 caption { padding-bottom: 0.5em; }
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#table-example-1 thead, #table-example-1 tbody { border: none; }
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#table-example-1 th, #table-example-1 td { border: solid thin; }
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#table-example-1 th { font-weight: normal; }
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#table-example-1 td { border-style: none solid; vertical-align: top; }
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#table-example-1 th { padding: 0.5em; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; }
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#table-example-1 tbody tr:first-child td { padding-top: 0.5em; }
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#table-example-1 tbody tr:last-child td { padding-bottom: 1.5em; }
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#table-example-1 tbody td:first-child { padding-left: 2.5em; padding-right: 0; width: 9em; }
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#table-example-1 tbody td:first-child::after { content: leader(". "); }
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#table-example-1 tbody td { padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; }
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#table-example-1 tbody td:first-child + td { width: 10em; }
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#table-example-1 tbody td:first-child + td ~ td { width: 2.5em; }
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#table-example-1 tbody td:first-child + td + td + td ~ td { width: 1.25em; }
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.apple-table-examples { border: none; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 1.5em 0em; width: 40em; margin-left: 3em; }
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.apple-table-examples * { font-family: "Times", serif; }
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.apple-table-examples td, .apple-table-examples th { border: none; white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; }
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.apple-table-examples tbody th:first-child { border-left: none; width: 100%; }
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.apple-table-examples thead th:first-child ~ th { font-size: smaller; font-weight: bolder; border-bottom: solid 2px; text-align: center; }
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.apple-table-examples tbody th::after, .apple-table-examples tfoot th::after { content: leader(". ") }
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.apple-table-examples tbody th, .apple-table-examples tfoot th { font: inherit; text-align: left; }
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.apple-table-examples td { text-align: right; vertical-align: top; }
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.apple-table-examples.e1 tbody tr:last-child td { border-bottom: solid 1px; }
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.apple-table-examples.e1 tbody + tbody tr:last-child td { border-bottom: double 3px; }
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.apple-table-examples.e2 th[scope=row] { padding-left: 1em; }
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.apple-table-examples sup { line-height: 0; }
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.details-example img { vertical-align: top; }
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#base64-table {
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white-space: nowrap;
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font-size: 0.6em;
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column-width: 6em;
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column-count: 5;
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column-gap: 1em;
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-moz-column-width: 6em;
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-moz-column-count: 5;
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-moz-column-gap: 1em;
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-webkit-column-width: 6em;
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-webkit-column-count: 5;
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-webkit-column-gap: 1em;
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}
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#base64-table thead { display: none; }
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#base64-table * { border: none; }
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#base64-table tbody td:first-child:after { content: ':'; }
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#base64-table tbody td:last-child { text-align: right; }
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#named-character-references-table {
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white-space: nowrap;
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font-size: 0.6em;
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column-width: 30em;
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column-gap: 1em;
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-moz-column-width: 30em;
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-moz-column-gap: 1em;
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-webkit-column-width: 30em;
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-webkit-column-gap: 1em;
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}
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#named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr > td:first-child + td,
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#named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr > td:last-child { text-align: center; }
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#named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr > td:last-child:hover > span { position: absolute; top: auto; left: auto; margin-left: 0.5em; line-height: 1.2; font-size: 5em; border: outset; padding: 0.25em 0.5em; background: white; width: 1.25em; height: auto; text-align: center; }
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#named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr#entity-CounterClockwiseContourIntegral > td:first-child { font-size: 0.5em; }
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.glyph.control { color: red; }
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@font-face {
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font-family: 'Essays1743';
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src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743.ttf');
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: 'Essays1743';
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font-weight: bold;
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src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743-Bold.ttf');
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: 'Essays1743';
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font-style: italic;
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src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743-Italic.ttf');
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: 'Essays1743';
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font-style: italic;
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font-weight: bold;
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src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743-BoldItalic.ttf');
|
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}
|
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</style><style type="text/css">
|
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.domintro:before { display: table; margin: -1em -0.5em -0.5em auto; width: auto; content: 'This box is non-normative. Implementation requirements are given below this box.'; color: black; font-style: italic; border: solid 2px; background: white; padding: 0 0.25em; }
|
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</style><script type="text/javascript">
|
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function getCookie(name) {
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var params = location.search.substr(1).split("&");
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for (var index = 0; index < params.length; index++) {
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if (params[index] == name)
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return "1";
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var data = params[index].split("=");
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if (data[0] == name)
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return unescape(data[1]);
|
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}
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var cookies = document.cookie.split("; ");
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for (var index = 0; index < cookies.length; index++) {
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var data = cookies[index].split("=");
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if (data[0] == name)
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return unescape(data[1]);
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}
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return null;
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}
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</script>
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<script src="link-fixup.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
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<link href="style.css" rel="stylesheet"><link href="timers.html" title="6.3 Timers" rel="prev">
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<link href="spec.html#contents" title="Table of contents" rel="index">
|
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<link href="dnd.html" title="7.7 Drag and drop" rel="next">
|
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</head><body><div class="head" id="head">
|
|
<div id="multipage-common">
|
|
<p class="stability" id="wip"><strong>This is a work in
|
|
progress!</strong> For the latest updates from the HTML WG, possibly
|
|
including important bug fixes, please look at the <a href="http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/Overview.html">editor's draft</a> instead.
|
|
There may also be a more
|
|
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html5">up-to-date Working Draft</a>
|
|
with changes based on resolution of Last Call issues.
|
|
<input onclick="closeWarning(this.parentNode)" type="button" value="╳⃝"></p>
|
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<script type="text/javascript">
|
|
function closeWarning(element) {
|
|
element.parentNode.removeChild(element);
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var date = new Date();
|
|
date.setDate(date.getDate()+4);
|
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document.cookie = 'hide-obsolescence-warning=1; expires=' + date.toGMTString();
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}
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if (getCookie('hide-obsolescence-warning') == '1')
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setTimeout(function () { document.getElementById('wip').parentNode.removeChild(document.getElementById('wip')); }, 2000);
|
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</script></div>
|
|
|
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<p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img alt="W3C" height="48" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" width="72"></a></p>
|
|
|
|
<h1>HTML5</h1>
|
|
</div><div>
|
|
<a href="timers.html" class="prev">6.3 Timers</a> –
|
|
<a href="spec.html#contents">Table of contents</a> –
|
|
<a href="dnd.html" class="next">7.7 Drag and drop</a>
|
|
<ol class="toc"><li><a href="editing.html#editing"><span class="secno">7 </span>User interaction</a>
|
|
<ol><li><a href="editing.html#the-hidden-attribute"><span class="secno">7.1 </span>The <code>hidden</code> attribute</a></li><li><a href="editing.html#activation"><span class="secno">7.2 </span>Activation</a></li><li><a href="editing.html#focus"><span class="secno">7.3 </span>Focus</a>
|
|
<ol><li><a href="editing.html#sequential-focus-navigation-and-the-tabindex-attribute"><span class="secno">7.3.1 </span>Sequential focus navigation and the <code title="attr-tabindex">tabindex</code> attribute</a></li><li><a href="editing.html#focus-management"><span class="secno">7.3.2 </span>Focus management</a></li><li><a href="editing.html#document-level-focus-apis"><span class="secno">7.3.3 </span>Document-level focus APIs</a></li><li><a href="editing.html#element-level-focus-apis"><span class="secno">7.3.4 </span>Element-level focus APIs</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="editing.html#assigning-keyboard-shortcuts"><span class="secno">7.4 </span>Assigning keyboard shortcuts</a>
|
|
<ol><li><a href="editing.html#introduction-6"><span class="secno">7.4.1 </span>Introduction</a></li><li><a href="editing.html#the-accesskey-attribute"><span class="secno">7.4.2 </span>The <code>accesskey</code> attribute</a></li><li><a href="editing.html#processing-model-3"><span class="secno">7.4.3 </span>Processing model</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="editing.html#contenteditable"><span class="secno">7.5 </span>The <code title="attr-contenteditable">contenteditable</code> attribute</a>
|
|
<ol><li><a href="editing.html#user-editing-actions"><span class="secno">7.5.1 </span>User editing actions</a></li><li><a href="editing.html#making-entire-documents-editable"><span class="secno">7.5.2 </span>Making entire documents editable</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="editing.html#spelling-and-grammar-checking"><span class="secno">7.6 </span>Spelling and grammar checking</a></li></ol></li></ol></div>
|
|
|
|
<h2 id="editing"><span class="secno">7 </span><dfn>User interaction</dfn></h2><h3 id="the-hidden-attribute"><span class="secno">7.1 </span>The <dfn title="attr-hidden"><code>hidden</code></dfn> attribute</h3><p>All <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements">HTML elements</a> may have the <code title="attr-hidden"><a href="#the-hidden-attribute">hidden</a></code> content attribute set. The <code title="attr-hidden"><a href="#the-hidden-attribute">hidden</a></code> attribute is a <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#boolean-attribute">boolean
|
|
attribute</a>. When specified on an element, it indicates that
|
|
the element is not yet, or is no longer, relevant. <span class="impl">User agents should not render elements that have the
|
|
<code title="attr-hidden"><a href="#the-hidden-attribute">hidden</a></code> attribute
|
|
specified.</span></p><div class="example">
|
|
|
|
<p>In the following skeletal example, the attribute is used to hide
|
|
the Web game's main screen until the user logs in:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre> <h1>The Example Game</h1>
|
|
<section id="login">
|
|
<h2>Login</h2>
|
|
<form>
|
|
...
|
|
<!-- calls login() once the user's credentials have been checked -->
|
|
</form>
|
|
<script>
|
|
function login() {
|
|
// switch screens
|
|
document.getElementById('login').hidden = true;
|
|
document.getElementById('game').hidden = false;
|
|
}
|
|
</script>
|
|
</section>
|
|
<section id="game" hidden>
|
|
...
|
|
</section></pre>
|
|
|
|
</div><p>The <code title="attr-hidden"><a href="#the-hidden-attribute">hidden</a></code> attribute must not be
|
|
used to hide content that could legitimately be shown in another
|
|
presentation. For example, it is incorrect to use <code title="attr-hidden"><a href="#the-hidden-attribute">hidden</a></code> to hide panels in a tabbed dialog,
|
|
because the tabbed interface is merely a kind of overflow
|
|
presentation — one could equally well just show all the form
|
|
controls in one big page with a scrollbar. It is similarly incorrect
|
|
to use this attribute to hide content just from one presentation
|
|
— if something is marked <code title="attr-hidden"><a href="#the-hidden-attribute">hidden</a></code>, it is hidden from all
|
|
presentations, including, for instance, screen readers.</p><p>Elements that are not <code title="attr-hidden"><a href="#the-hidden-attribute">hidden</a></code>
|
|
should not link to or refer to elements that are <code title="attr-hidden"><a href="#the-hidden-attribute">hidden</a></code>.</p><div class="example">
|
|
|
|
<p>For example, it would be incorrect to use the <code title="attr-hyperlink-href"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-href">href</a></code> attribute to link to a
|
|
section marked with the <code title="attr-hidden"><a href="#the-hidden-attribute">hidden</a></code>
|
|
attribute. If the content is not applicable or relevant, then there
|
|
is no reason to link to it.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>It would similarly be incorrect to use the ARIA <code title="attr-aria-describedby">aria-describedby</code> attribute to
|
|
refer to descriptions that are themselves <code title="attr-hidden"><a href="#the-hidden-attribute">hidden</a></code>. Hiding a section means that it
|
|
is not applicable or relevant to anyone at the current time, so
|
|
clearly it cannot be a valid description of content the user can
|
|
interact with.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div><p>Elements in a section hidden by the <code title="attr-hidden"><a href="#the-hidden-attribute">hidden</a></code> attribute are still active,
|
|
e.g. scripts and form controls in such sections still execute
|
|
and submit respectively. Only their presentation to the user
|
|
changes.</p><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<p>The <dfn id="dom-hidden" title="dom-hidden"><code>hidden</code></dfn> IDL
|
|
attribute must <a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#reflect">reflect</a> the content attribute of the
|
|
same name.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div><h3 id="activation"><span class="secno">7.2 </span>Activation</h3><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">element</var> . <code title="dom-click"><a href="#dom-click">click</a></code>()</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>Acts as if the element was clicked.</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
</dl><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<p>Each element has a <var title="">click in progress</var> flag,
|
|
initially set to false.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <dfn id="dom-click" title="dom-click"><code>click()</code></dfn> method must
|
|
run these steps:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ol><li><p>If the element's <var title="">click in progress</var> flag
|
|
is set to true, then abort these steps.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>Set the <var title="">click in progress</var> flag on the
|
|
element to true.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>If the element has a defined <a href="content-models.html#activation-behavior">activation behavior</a>,
|
|
<a href="content-models.html#run-synthetic-click-activation-steps">run synthetic click activation steps</a> on the
|
|
element. Otherwise, <a href="webappapis.html#fire-a-click-event">fire a <code>click</code> event</a> at
|
|
the element.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>Set the <var title="">click in progress</var> flag on the
|
|
element to false.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
</ol></div><h3 id="focus"><span class="secno">7.3 </span>Focus</h3><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<p>When an element is <i>focused</i>, key events received by the
|
|
document must be targeted at that element. There may be no element
|
|
focused; when no element is focused, key events received by the
|
|
document must be targeted at <a href="dom.html#the-body-element-0">the body element</a>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>User agents may track focus for each <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing
|
|
context</a> or <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> individually, or may support
|
|
only one focused element per <a href="browsers.html#top-level-browsing-context">top-level browsing context</a>
|
|
— user agents should follow platform conventions in this
|
|
regard.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Which elements within a <a href="browsers.html#top-level-browsing-context">top-level browsing context</a>
|
|
currently have focus must be independent of whether or not the
|
|
<a href="browsers.html#top-level-browsing-context">top-level browsing context</a> itself has the <i>system
|
|
focus</i>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="note">When an element is focused, the element matches the
|
|
CSS <code>:focus</code> pseudo-class.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div><h4 id="sequential-focus-navigation-and-the-tabindex-attribute"><span class="secno">7.3.1 </span>Sequential focus navigation and the <code title="attr-tabindex"><a href="#attr-tabindex">tabindex</a></code> attribute</h4><p>The <dfn id="attr-tabindex" title="attr-tabindex"><code>tabindex</code></dfn>
|
|
content attribute specifies whether the element is focusable,
|
|
whether it can be reached using sequential focus navigation, and the
|
|
relative order of the element for the purposes of sequential focus
|
|
navigation. The name "tab index" comes from the common use of the
|
|
"tab" key to navigate through the focusable elements. The term
|
|
"tabbing" refers to moving forward through the focusable elements
|
|
that can be reached using sequential focus navigation.</p><p>The <code title="attr-tabindex"><a href="#attr-tabindex">tabindex</a></code> attribute, if
|
|
specified, must have a value that is a <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#valid-integer">valid
|
|
integer</a>.</p><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<p>If the attribute is specified, it must be parsed using the
|
|
<a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#rules-for-parsing-integers">rules for parsing integers</a>. The attribute's values have
|
|
the following meanings:</p>
|
|
|
|
<dl><dt>If the attribute is omitted or parsing the value returns an
|
|
error</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>The user agent should follow platform conventions to determine if
|
|
the element is to be focusable and, if so, whether the element can
|
|
be reached using sequential focus navigation, and if so, what its
|
|
relative order should be.</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt id="negative-tabindex">If the value is a negative integer</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>The user agent must allow the element to be focused, but should
|
|
not allow the element to be reached using sequential focus
|
|
navigation.</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt>If the value is a zero</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>The user agent must allow the element to be focused, should
|
|
allow the element to be reached using sequential focus navigation,
|
|
and should follow platform conventions to determine the element's
|
|
relative order.</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt>If the value is greater than zero</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>The user agent must allow the element to be focused, should
|
|
allow the element to be reached using sequential focus navigation,
|
|
and should place the element in the sequential focus navigation
|
|
order so that it is:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ul><li>before any focusable element whose <code title="attr-tabindex"><a href="#attr-tabindex">tabindex</a></code> attribute has been
|
|
omitted or whose value, when parsed, returns an error,</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>before any focusable element whose <code title="attr-tabindex"><a href="#attr-tabindex">tabindex</a></code> attribute has a value equal
|
|
to or less than zero,</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>after any element whose <code title="attr-tabindex"><a href="#attr-tabindex">tabindex</a></code> attribute has a value
|
|
greater than zero but less than the value of the <code title="attr-tabindex"><a href="#attr-tabindex">tabindex</a></code> attribute on the
|
|
element,</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>after any element whose <code title="attr-tabindex"><a href="#attr-tabindex">tabindex</a></code> attribute has a value equal
|
|
to the value of the <code title="attr-tabindex"><a href="#attr-tabindex">tabindex</a></code>
|
|
attribute on the element but that is earlier in the document in
|
|
<a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree order</a> than the element,</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>before any element whose <code title="attr-tabindex"><a href="#attr-tabindex">tabindex</a></code> attribute has a value equal
|
|
to the value of the <code title="attr-tabindex"><a href="#attr-tabindex">tabindex</a></code>
|
|
attribute on the element but that is later in the document in
|
|
<a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree order</a> than the element, and</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>before any element whose <code title="attr-tabindex"><a href="#attr-tabindex">tabindex</a></code> attribute has a value
|
|
greater than the value of the <code title="attr-tabindex"><a href="#attr-tabindex">tabindex</a></code> attribute on the
|
|
element.</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul></dd>
|
|
|
|
</dl><p>An element is <dfn id="specially-focusable">specially focusable</dfn> if the <code title="attr-tabindex"><a href="#attr-tabindex">tabindex</a></code> attribute's definition above
|
|
defines the element to be focusable.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>An element that is <a href="#specially-focusable">specially focusable</a> but does not
|
|
otherwise have an <a href="content-models.html#activation-behavior">activation behavior</a> defined has an
|
|
<a href="content-models.html#activation-behavior">activation behavior</a> that does nothing.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="note">This means that an element that is only focusable
|
|
because of its <code title="attr-tabindex"><a href="#attr-tabindex">tabindex</a></code> attribute
|
|
will fire a <code title="event-click"><a href="infrastructure.html#event-click">click</a></code> event in response
|
|
to a non-mouse activation (e.g. hitting the "enter" key while the
|
|
element is focused).</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <dfn id="dom-tabindex" title="dom-tabIndex"><code>tabIndex</code></dfn> IDL
|
|
attribute must <a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#reflect">reflect</a> the value of the <code title="attr-tabindex"><a href="#attr-tabindex">tabindex</a></code> content attribute. Its default
|
|
value is 0 for elements that are focusable and −1 for
|
|
elements that are not focusable.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<h4 id="focus-management"><span class="secno">7.3.2 </span>Focus management</h4>
|
|
|
|
<p>An element is <dfn id="focusable">focusable</dfn> if the user agent's default
|
|
behavior allows it to be focusable or if the element is
|
|
<a href="#specially-focusable">specially focusable</a>, but only if the element is either
|
|
<a href="rendering.html#being-rendered">being rendered</a> or <!-- CANVAS-FOCUS-FALLBACK --> is a
|
|
descendant of a <code><a href="the-canvas-element.html#the-canvas-element">canvas</a></code> element that
|
|
<a href="rendering.html#represents">represents</a> <a href="content-models.html#embedded-content">embedded content</a>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>User agents should make the following elements
|
|
<a href="#focusable">focusable</a>, unless platform conventions dictate
|
|
otherwise:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ul><li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> elements that have an <code title="attr-hyperlink-href"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-href">href</a></code> attribute</li>
|
|
|
|
<li><code><a href="semantics.html#the-link-element">link</a></code> elements that have an <code title="attr-link-href"><a href="semantics.html#attr-link-href">href</a></code> attribute</li>
|
|
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-button-element">button</a></code> elements that are not <a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#concept-fe-disabled" title="concept-fe-disabled">disabled</a></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> elements whose <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute are not in the
|
|
<a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#hidden-state" title="attr-input-type-hidden">Hidden</a> state and that
|
|
are not <a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#concept-fe-disabled" title="concept-fe-disabled">disabled</a></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-select-element">select</a></code> elements that are not <a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#concept-fe-disabled" title="concept-fe-disabled">disabled</a></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code> elements that are not <a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#concept-fe-disabled" title="concept-fe-disabled">disabled</a></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-command-element">command</a></code> elements that do not have a <code title="attr-command-disabled"><a href="interactive-elements.html#attr-command-disabled">disabled</a></code> attribute</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>Elements with a <code title="attr-draggable"><a href="dnd.html#the-draggable-attribute">draggable</a></code>
|
|
attribute set, if that would enable the user agent to allow the
|
|
user to begin a drag operations for those elements without the use
|
|
of a pointing device</li>
|
|
|
|
<li><a href="#editing-host" title="editing host">Editing hosts</a></li>
|
|
|
|
</ul><p>In addition, each shape that is generated for an
|
|
<code><a href="the-map-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code> element should be <a href="#focusable">focusable</a>, unless
|
|
platform conventions dictate otherwise. (A single <code><a href="the-map-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code>
|
|
element can correspond to multiple shapes, since image maps can be
|
|
reused with multiple images on a page.)</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The user agent may also make part of a <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-details-element">details</a></code>
|
|
element's rendering focusable, to enable the element to be opened or
|
|
closed using keyboard input. However, this is distinct from the
|
|
<code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-details-element">details</a></code> or <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-summary-element">summary</a></code> element being
|
|
focusable.</p>
|
|
|
|
<hr><p>The <dfn id="focusing-steps">focusing steps</dfn> are as follows:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ol><li><p>If the element is not <a href="infrastructure.html#in-a-document" title="in a Document">in a
|
|
<code>Document</code></a>, or if the element's
|
|
<code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> has no <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a>, or if
|
|
the element's <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>'s <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a>
|
|
has no <a href="browsers.html#top-level-browsing-context">top-level browsing context</a>, then abort these
|
|
steps.</p>
|
|
|
|
</li><li><p>If focusing the element will remove the focus from another
|
|
element, then run the <a href="#unfocusing-steps">unfocusing steps</a> for that
|
|
element.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
|
|
<p>Make the element the currently focused element in its
|
|
<a href="browsers.html#top-level-browsing-context">top-level browsing context</a>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Some elements, most notably <code><a href="the-map-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code>, can correspond
|
|
to more than one distinct focusable area. If a particular area was
|
|
indicated when the element was focused, then that is the area that
|
|
must get focus; otherwise, e.g. when using the <code title="dom-focus"><a href="#dom-focus">focus()</a></code> method, the first such region in
|
|
tree order is the one that must be focused.</p>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
|
|
<p>The user agent may apply relevant platform-specific conventions
|
|
for focusing widgets.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="note">For example, some platforms select the contents of
|
|
a text field when that field is focused.</p>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p><a href="webappapis.html#fire-a-simple-event">Fire a simple event</a> named <code title="event-focus">focus</code> at the element.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ol><p>User agents must synchronously run the <a href="#focusing-steps">focusing
|
|
steps</a> for an element whenever the user moves the focus to a
|
|
<a href="#focusable">focusable</a> element.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <dfn id="unfocusing-steps">unfocusing steps</dfn> are as follows:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ol><li><p>If the element is an <code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element, and the
|
|
<code title="event-input-change"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#event-input-change">change</a></code> event applies to the
|
|
element, and the element does not have a defined <a href="content-models.html#activation-behavior">activation
|
|
behavior</a>, and the user has changed the element's <a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#concept-fe-value" title="concept-fe-value">value</a> or its list of <a href="number-state.html#concept-input-type-file-selected" title="concept-input-type-file-selected">selected files</a>
|
|
while the control was focused without committing that change, then
|
|
<a href="webappapis.html#fire-a-simple-event">fire a simple event</a> that bubbles named <code title="event-change">change</code> at the element.</p>
|
|
|
|
</li><li><p>Unfocus the element.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p><a href="webappapis.html#fire-a-simple-event">Fire a simple event</a> named <code title="event-blur">blur</code> at the element.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ol><p>When an element that is focused stops being a
|
|
<a href="#focusable">focusable</a> element, or stops being focused without
|
|
another element being explicitly focused in its stead, the user
|
|
agent should synchronously run the <a href="#focusing-steps">focusing steps</a> for
|
|
<a href="dom.html#the-body-element-0">the body element</a>, if there is one; if there is not,
|
|
then the user agent should synchronously run the <a href="#unfocusing-steps">unfocusing
|
|
steps</a> for the affected element only.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="example">For example, this might happen because the
|
|
element is removed from its <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>, or has a <code title="attr-hidden"><a href="#the-hidden-attribute">hidden</a></code> attribute added. It would also
|
|
happen to an <code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element when the element gets <a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#concept-fe-disabled" title="concept-fe-disabled">disabled</a>.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div><h4 id="document-level-focus-apis"><span class="secno">7.3.3 </span>Document-level focus APIs</h4><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-activeElement"><a href="#dom-document-activeelement">activeElement</a></code></dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>Returns the currently focused element.</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-hasFocus"><a href="#dom-document-hasfocus">hasFocus</a></code>()</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>Returns true if the document has focus; otherwise, returns false.</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt><var title="">window</var> . <code title="dom-window-focus"><a href="#dom-window-focus">focus</a></code>()</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>Focuses the window. Use of this method is discouraged. Allow the user to control window focus instead.</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt><var title="">window</var> . <code title="dom-window-blur"><a href="#dom-window-blur">blur</a></code>()</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>Unfocuses the window. Use of this method is discouraged. Allow the user to control window focus instead.</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
</dl><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<p>The <dfn id="dom-document-activeelement" title="dom-document-activeElement"><code>activeElement</code></dfn>
|
|
attribute on <code><a href="dom.html#htmldocument">HTMLDocument</a></code> objects must return the
|
|
element in the document that is focused. If no element in the
|
|
<code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> is focused, this must return <a href="dom.html#the-body-element-0">the body
|
|
element</a>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <dfn id="dom-document-hasfocus" title="dom-document-hasFocus"><code>hasFocus()</code></dfn> method
|
|
on <code><a href="dom.html#htmldocument">HTMLDocument</a></code> objects must return true if the
|
|
<code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>'s <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a> is focused,
|
|
and all its <a href="browsers.html#ancestor-browsing-context" title="ancestor browsing context">ancestor
|
|
browsing contexts</a> are also focused, and the <a href="browsers.html#top-level-browsing-context">top-level
|
|
browsing context</a> has the <i>system focus</i>. If the
|
|
<code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> has no <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a> or if its
|
|
<a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a> has no <a href="browsers.html#top-level-browsing-context">top-level browsing
|
|
context</a>, then the method will always return false.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <dfn id="dom-window-focus" title="dom-window-focus"><code>focus()</code></dfn>
|
|
method on the <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object, when invoked, provides a
|
|
hint to the user agent that the script believes the user might be
|
|
interested in the contents of the <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a> of
|
|
the <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object on which the method was invoked.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>User agents are encouraged to have this <code title="dom-window-focus"><a href="#dom-window-focus">focus()</a></code> method trigger some kind of
|
|
notification.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <dfn id="dom-window-blur" title="dom-window-blur"><code>blur()</code></dfn> method
|
|
on the <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object, when invoked, provides a hint to
|
|
the user agent that the script believes the user probably is not
|
|
currently interested in the contents of the <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing
|
|
context</a> of the <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object on which the method
|
|
was invoked, but that the contents might become interesting again in
|
|
the future.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>User agents are encouraged to ignore calls to this <code title="dom-window-blur"><a href="#dom-window-blur">blur()</a></code> method entirely.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="note">Historically the <code title="dom-window-blur"><a href="#dom-window-blur">focus()</a></code> and <code title="dom-window-blur"><a href="#dom-window-blur">blur()</a></code> methods actually affected the
|
|
system focus, but hostile sites widely abuse this behavior to the
|
|
user's detriment.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div><h4 id="element-level-focus-apis"><span class="secno">7.3.4 </span>Element-level focus APIs</h4><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">element</var> . <code title="dom-focus"><a href="#dom-focus">focus</a></code>()</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>Focuses the element.</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt><var title="">element</var> . <code title="dom-blur"><a href="#dom-blur">blur</a></code>()</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>Unfocuses the element. Use of this method is discouraged. Focus
|
|
another element instead.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Do not use this method to hide the focus ring if you find the
|
|
focus ring unsightly. Instead, use a CSS rule to override the
|
|
'outline' property.</p>
|
|
|
|
<div class="example">
|
|
|
|
<p>For example, to hide the outline from links, you could use:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>:link:focus, :visited:focus { outline: none; }</pre>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
</dl><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<p>The <dfn id="dom-focus" title="dom-focus"><code>focus()</code></dfn> method,
|
|
when invoked, must run the following algorithm:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ol><li><p>If the element is marked as <i><a href="#locked-for-focus">locked for focus</a></i>, then abort
|
|
these steps.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>If the element is not <a href="#focusable">focusable</a>, then abort these
|
|
steps.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>Mark the element as <dfn id="locked-for-focus">locked for focus</dfn>.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>If the element is not already focused, run the <a href="#focusing-steps">focusing
|
|
steps</a> for the element.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>Unmark the element as <i><a href="#locked-for-focus">locked for focus</a></i>.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
</ol><p>The <dfn id="dom-blur" title="dom-blur"><code>blur()</code></dfn> method, when
|
|
invoked, should run the <a href="#focusing-steps">focusing steps</a> for <a href="dom.html#the-body-element-0">the
|
|
body element</a>, if there is one; if there is not, then it
|
|
should run the <a href="#unfocusing-steps">unfocusing steps</a> for the element on
|
|
which the method was called instead. User agents may selectively or
|
|
uniformly ignore calls to this method for usability reasons.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="example">For example, if the <code title="dom-blur"><a href="#dom-blur">blur()</a></code> method is unwisely being used to
|
|
remove the focus ring for aesthetics reasons, the page would become
|
|
unusable by keyboard users. Ignoring calls to this method would thus
|
|
allow keyboard users to interact with the page.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div><h3 id="assigning-keyboard-shortcuts"><span class="secno">7.4 </span>Assigning keyboard shortcuts</h3><h4 id="introduction-6"><span class="secno">7.4.1 </span>Introduction</h4><p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p><p>Each element that can be activated or focused can be assigned a
|
|
single key combination to activate it, using the <code title="attr-accesskey"><a href="#the-accesskey-attribute">accesskey</a></code> attribute.</p><p>The exact shortcut is determined by the user agent, based on
|
|
information about the user's keyboard, what keyboard shortcuts
|
|
already exist on the platform, and what other shortcuts have been
|
|
specified on the page, using the information provided in the <code title="attr-accesskey"><a href="#the-accesskey-attribute">accesskey</a></code> attribute as a guide.</p><p>In order to ensure that a relevant keyboard shortcut is available
|
|
on a wide variety of input devices, the author can provide a number
|
|
of alternatives in the <code title="attr-accesskey"><a href="#the-accesskey-attribute">accesskey</a></code>
|
|
attribute.</p><p>Each alternative consists of a single character, such as a letter
|
|
or digit.</p><p>User agents can provide users with a list of the keyboard
|
|
shortcuts, but authors are encouraged to do so also. The <code title="dom-accessKeyLabel"><a href="#dom-accesskeylabel">accessKeyLabel</a></code> IDL attribute
|
|
returns a string representing the actual key combination assigned by
|
|
the user agent.</p><h4 id="the-accesskey-attribute"><span class="secno">7.4.2 </span>The <dfn title="attr-accesskey"><code>accesskey</code></dfn> attribute</h4><p>All <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements">HTML elements</a> may have the <code title="attr-accesskey"><a href="#the-accesskey-attribute">accesskey</a></code> content attribute set. The
|
|
<code title="attr-accesskey"><a href="#the-accesskey-attribute">accesskey</a></code> attribute's value is
|
|
used by the user agent as a guide for creating a keyboard shortcut
|
|
that activates or focuses the element.</p><p>If specified, the value must be an <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#ordered-set-of-unique-space-separated-tokens">ordered set of unique
|
|
space-separated tokens</a> that are <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a>,
|
|
each of which must be exactly one Unicode code point in length.</p><div class="example">
|
|
|
|
<p>In the following example, a variety of links are given with
|
|
access keys so that keyboard users familiar with the site can
|
|
more quickly navigate to the relevant pages:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre><nav>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a title="Consortium Activities" accesskey="A" href="/Consortium/activities">Activities</a> |
|
|
<a title="Technical Reports and Recommendations" accesskey="T" href="/TR/">Technical Reports</a> |
|
|
<a title="Alphabetical Site Index" accesskey="S" href="/Consortium/siteindex">Site Index</a> |
|
|
<a title="About This Site" accesskey="B" href="/Consortium/">About Consortium</a> |
|
|
<a title="Contact Consortium" accesskey="C" href="/Consortium/contact">Contact</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</nav></pre>
|
|
|
|
</div><div class="example">
|
|
|
|
<p>In the following example, the search field is given two possible
|
|
access keys, "s" and "0" (in that order). A user agent on a device
|
|
with a full keyboard might pick
|
|
<kbd><kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>S</kbd></kbd> as the
|
|
shortcut key, while a user agent on a small device with just a
|
|
numeric keypad might pick just the plain unadorned key
|
|
<kbd><kbd>0</kbd></kbd>:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre><form action="/search">
|
|
<label>Search: <input type="search" name="q" accesskey="s 0"></label>
|
|
<input type="submit">
|
|
</form></pre>
|
|
|
|
</div><div class="example">
|
|
|
|
<p>In the following example, a button has possible access keys
|
|
described. A script then tries to update the button's label to
|
|
advertise the key combination the user agent selected.</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre><input type=submit accesskey="N @ 1" value="Compose">
|
|
...
|
|
<script>
|
|
function labelButton(button) {
|
|
if (button.accessKeyLabel)
|
|
button.value += ' (' + button.accessKeyLabel + ')';
|
|
}
|
|
var inputs = document.getElementsByTagName('input');
|
|
for (var i = 0; i < inputs.length; i += 1) {
|
|
if (inputs[i].type == "submit")
|
|
labelButton(inputs[i]);
|
|
}
|
|
</script></pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>On one user agent, the button's label might become
|
|
"<samp>Compose (⌘N)</samp>". On another, it might become
|
|
"<samp>Compose (Alt+⇧+1)</samp>". If the user agent doesn't
|
|
assign a key, it will be just "<samp>Compose</samp>". The exact
|
|
string depends on what the <a href="#assigned-access-key">assigned access key</a> is, and
|
|
on how the user agent represents that key combination.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<h4 id="processing-model-3"><span class="secno">7.4.3 </span>Processing model</h4>
|
|
|
|
<p>An element's <dfn id="assigned-access-key">assigned access key</dfn> is a key combination
|
|
derived from the element's <code title="attr-accesskey"><a href="#the-accesskey-attribute">accesskey</a></code> content attribute.
|
|
Initially, an element must not have an <a href="#assigned-access-key">assigned access
|
|
key</a>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Whenever an element's <code title="attr-accesskey"><a href="#the-accesskey-attribute">accesskey</a></code> attribute is set, changed,
|
|
or removed, the user agent must update the element's <a href="#assigned-access-key">assigned
|
|
access key</a> by running the following steps:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ol><li><p>If the element has no <code title="attr-accesskey"><a href="#the-accesskey-attribute">accesskey</a></code> attribute, then skip to the
|
|
<i>fallback</i> step below.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>Otherwise, <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#split-a-string-on-spaces" title="split a string on spaces">split the
|
|
attribute's value on spaces</a>, and let <var title="">keys</var> be the resulting tokens.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
|
|
<p>For each value in <var title="">keys</var> in turn, in the
|
|
order the tokens appeared in the attribute's value, run the
|
|
following substeps:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ol><li><p>If the value is not a string exactly one Unicode code
|
|
point in length, then skip the remainder of these steps for this
|
|
value.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>If the value does not correspond to a key on the system's
|
|
keyboard, then skip the remainder of these steps for this
|
|
value.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>If the user agent can find a combination of modifier keys
|
|
that, with the key that corresponds to the value given in the
|
|
attribute, can be used as a shortcut key, then the user agent may
|
|
assign that combination of keys as the element's <a href="#assigned-access-key">assigned
|
|
access key</a> and abort these steps.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
</ol></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p><i>Fallback</i>: Optionally, the user agent may assign a key
|
|
combination of its choosing as the element's <a href="#assigned-access-key">assigned access
|
|
key</a> and then abort these steps.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>If this step is reached, the element has no <a href="#assigned-access-key">assigned
|
|
access key</a>.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
</ol><p>Once a user agent has selected and assigned an access key for an
|
|
element, the user agent should not change the element's
|
|
<a href="#assigned-access-key">assigned access key</a> unless the <code title="attr-accesskey"><a href="#the-accesskey-attribute">accesskey</a></code> content attribute is changed
|
|
or the element is moved to another <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>When the user presses the key combination corresponding to the
|
|
<a href="#assigned-access-key">assigned access key</a> for an element, if the element
|
|
<a href="commands.html#concept-command" title="concept-command">defines a command</a>, and the
|
|
command's <a href="commands.html#command-facet-hiddenstate" title="command-facet-HiddenState">Hidden
|
|
State</a> facet is false (visible), and the command's <a href="commands.html#command-facet-disabledstate" title="command-facet-DisabledState">Disabled State</a> facet is
|
|
also false (enabled), then the user agent must trigger the <a href="commands.html#command-facet-action" title="command-facet-Action">Action</a> of the command.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>User agents may expose elements that have an <code title="attr-accesskey"><a href="#the-accesskey-attribute">accesskey</a></code> attribute in other ways as
|
|
well, e.g. in a menu displayed in response to a specific key
|
|
combination.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <dfn id="dom-accesskey" title="dom-accessKey"><code>accessKey</code></dfn> IDL
|
|
attribute must <a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#reflect">reflect</a> the <code title="attr-accesskey"><a href="#the-accesskey-attribute">accesskey</a></code> content attribute.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <dfn id="dom-accesskeylabel" title="dom-accessKeyLabel"><code>accessKeyLabel</code></dfn> IDL
|
|
attribute must return a string that represents the element's
|
|
<a href="#assigned-access-key">assigned access key</a>, if any. If the element does not
|
|
have one, then the IDL attribute must return the empty string.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div><h3 id="contenteditable"><span class="secno">7.5 </span>The <code title="attr-contenteditable"><a href="#attr-contenteditable">contenteditable</a></code> attribute</h3><p>The <dfn id="attr-contenteditable" title="attr-contenteditable"><code>contenteditable</code></dfn>
|
|
attribute is an <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#enumerated-attribute">enumerated attribute</a> whose keywords are
|
|
the empty string, <code title="">true</code>, and <code title="">false</code>. The empty string and the <code title="">true</code> keyword map to the <i>true</i> state. The <code title="">false</code> keyword maps to the <i>false</i> state. In
|
|
addition, there is a third state, the <i>inherit</i> state, which is
|
|
the <i>missing value default</i> (and the <i>invalid value
|
|
default</i>).</p><p>The <i>true</i> state indicates that the element is editable. The
|
|
<i>inherit</i> state indicates that the element is editable if its
|
|
parent is. The <i>false</i> state indicates that the element is not
|
|
editable.</p><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<p>Specifically, if an <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements" title="HTML elements">HTML
|
|
element</a> has a <code title="attr-contenteditable"><a href="#attr-contenteditable">contenteditable</a></code> attribute set to
|
|
the true state, or it has its <code title="attr-contenteditable"><a href="#attr-contenteditable">contenteditable</a></code> attribute set to
|
|
the inherit state and if its nearest ancestor <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements" title="HTML
|
|
elements">HTML element</a> with the <code title="attr-contenteditable"><a href="#attr-contenteditable">contenteditable</a></code> attribute set to
|
|
a state other than the inherit state has its attribute set to the
|
|
true state, or if it and its ancestors all have their <code title="attr-contenteditable"><a href="#attr-contenteditable">contenteditable</a></code> attribute set to
|
|
the inherit state but the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> has <code title="dom-document-designMode"><a href="#designMode">designMode</a></code> enabled, then the
|
|
UA must treat the element as <dfn id="editable">editable</dfn> (as described
|
|
below).</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Otherwise, either the <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements" title="HTML elements">HTML
|
|
element</a> has a <code title="attr-contenteditable"><a href="#attr-contenteditable">contenteditable</a></code> attribute set to
|
|
the false state, or its <code title="attr-contenteditable"><a href="#attr-contenteditable">contenteditable</a></code> attribute is set
|
|
to the inherit state and its nearest ancestor <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements" title="HTML
|
|
elements">HTML element</a> with the <code title="attr-contenteditable"><a href="#attr-contenteditable">contenteditable</a></code> attribute set to
|
|
a state other than the inherit state has its attribute set to the
|
|
false state, or all its ancestors have their <code title="attr-contenteditable"><a href="#attr-contenteditable">contenteditable</a></code> attribute set to
|
|
the inherit state and the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> itself has <code title="dom-document-designMode"><a href="#designMode">designMode</a></code> disabled; either
|
|
way, the element is not editable.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">element</var> . <code title="dom-contentEditable"><a href="#dom-contenteditable">contentEditable</a></code> [ = <var title="">value</var> ]</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>Returns "<code title="">true</code>", "<code title="">false</code>", or "<code title="">inherit</code>", based
|
|
on the state of the <code title="attr-contenteditable"><a href="#attr-contenteditable">contenteditable</a></code> attribute.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Can be set, to change that state.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Throws a <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#syntax_err">SYNTAX_ERR</a></code> exception if the new value
|
|
isn't one of those strings.</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt><var title="">element</var> . <code title="dom-isContentEditable"><a href="#dom-iscontenteditable">isContentEditable</a></code></dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>Returns true if the element is editable; otherwise, returns false.</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
</dl><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<p>The <dfn id="dom-contenteditable" title="dom-contentEditable"><code>contentEditable</code></dfn> IDL
|
|
attribute, on getting, must return the string "<code title="">true</code>" if the content attribute is set to the true
|
|
state, "<code title="">false</code>" if the content attribute is set
|
|
to the false state, and "<code title="">inherit</code>"
|
|
otherwise. On setting, if the new value is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
|
|
case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">inherit</code>" then the content attribute must be removed,
|
|
if the new value is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for
|
|
the string "<code title="">true</code>" then the content attribute
|
|
must be set to the string "<code title="">true</code>", if the new
|
|
value is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for the string
|
|
"<code title="">false</code>" then the content attribute must be set
|
|
to the string "<code title="">false</code>", and otherwise the
|
|
attribute setter must raise a <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#syntax_err">SYNTAX_ERR</a></code> exception.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <dfn id="dom-iscontenteditable" title="dom-isContentEditable"><code>isContentEditable</code></dfn>
|
|
IDL attribute, on getting, must return true if the element is
|
|
<a href="#editable">editable</a>, and false otherwise.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>If an element is <a href="#editable">editable</a> and its parent element is
|
|
not, or if an element is <a href="#editable">editable</a> and it has no parent
|
|
element, then the element is an <dfn id="editing-host">editing host</dfn>. Editable
|
|
elements can be nested. Editing hosts are typically focusable and
|
|
typically form part of the <a href="#attr-tabindex" title="attr-tabindex">tab
|
|
order</a>. An editing host can contain non-editable sections,
|
|
these are handled as described below. An editing host can contain
|
|
non-editable sections that contain further editing hosts.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>When an editing host has focus, it must have a <dfn id="caret-position">caret
|
|
position</dfn> that specifies where the current editing position is.
|
|
It may also have a selection.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="note">How the caret and selection are represented depends
|
|
entirely on the UA.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<h4 id="user-editing-actions"><span class="secno">7.5.1 </span>User editing actions</h4>
|
|
|
|
<p>There are several actions that the user agent should allow the
|
|
user to perform while the user is interacting with an editing
|
|
host. How exactly each action is triggered is not defined for every
|
|
action, but when it is not defined, suggested key bindings are
|
|
provided to guide implementors.</p>
|
|
|
|
<dl><dt>Move the caret</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>User agents must allow users to move the caret to any
|
|
position within an editing host, even into nested editable
|
|
elements. This could be triggered as the default action of <code title="event-keydown">keydown</code> events with various key
|
|
identifiers and as the default action of <code title="event-mousedown">mousedown</code> events.</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt>Change the selection</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>User agents must allow users to change the selection within
|
|
an editing host, even into nested editable elements. User agents
|
|
may prevent selections from being made in ways that cross from
|
|
editable elements into non-editable elements (e.g. by making each
|
|
non-editable descendant atomically selectable, but not allowing
|
|
text selection within them). This could be triggered as the default
|
|
action of <code title="event-keydown">keydown</code> events with
|
|
various key identifiers and as the default action of <code title="event-mousedown">mousedown</code> events.</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt id="contenteditable-insertText">Insert text</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>This action must be triggered as the default action of a
|
|
<code title="event-textInput">textInput</code> event, and may be
|
|
triggered by other commands as well. It must cause the user agent
|
|
to insert the specified text (given by the event object's <code title="">data</code> attribute in the case of the <code title="event-textInput">textInput</code> event) at the caret.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>If the caret is positioned somewhere where <a href="content-models.html#phrasing-content">phrasing
|
|
content</a> is not allowed (e.g. inside an empty <code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-ol-element">ol</a></code>
|
|
element), then the user agent must not insert the text directly at
|
|
the caret position. In such cases the behavior is UA-dependent,
|
|
but user agents must not, in response to a request to insert text,
|
|
generate a DOM that is less conformant than the DOM prior to the
|
|
request.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>User agents should allow users to insert new paragraphs into
|
|
elements that contains only content other than paragraphs.</p>
|
|
|
|
<div class="example">
|
|
<p>For example, given the markup:</p>
|
|
<pre><section>
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt> Ben </dt>
|
|
<dd> Goat </dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</section></pre>
|
|
<p>...the user agent should allow the user to insert
|
|
<code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> elements before and after the <code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-dl-element">dl</a></code>
|
|
element, as children of the <code><a href="sections.html#the-section-element">section</a></code> element.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt id="contenteditable-breakBlock">Break block</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>UAs should offer a way for the user to request that the
|
|
current paragraph be broken at the caret, e.g. as the default
|
|
action of a <code title="event-keydown">keydown</code> event whose
|
|
identifier is the "Enter" key and that has no modifiers set.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The exact behavior is UA-dependent, but user agents must not,
|
|
in response to a request to break a paragraph, generate a DOM that
|
|
is less conformant than the DOM prior to the request.</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt id="contenteditable-br">Insert a line separator</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>UAs should offer a way for the user to request an explicit
|
|
line break at the caret position without breaking the paragraph,
|
|
e.g. as the default action of a <code title="event-keydown">keydown</code> event whose identifier is the
|
|
"Enter" key and that has a shift modifier set. Line separators are
|
|
typically found within a poem verse or an address. To insert a line
|
|
break, the user agent must insert a <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-br-element">br</a></code> element.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>If the caret is positioned somewhere where <a href="content-models.html#phrasing-content">phrasing
|
|
content</a> is not allowed (e.g. in an empty <code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-ol-element">ol</a></code>
|
|
element), then the user agent must not insert the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-br-element">br</a></code>
|
|
element directly at the caret position. In such cases the behavior
|
|
is UA-dependent, but user agents must not, in response to a request
|
|
to insert a line separator, generate a DOM that is less conformant
|
|
than the DOM prior to the request.</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt id="contenteditable-delete">Delete</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>UAs should offer a way for the user to delete text and
|
|
elements, including non-editable descendants, e.g. as the default
|
|
action of <code title="event-keydown">keydown</code> events whose
|
|
identifiers are "U+0008" or "U+007F".</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Five edge cases in particular need to be considered carefully
|
|
when implementing this feature: backspacing at the start of an
|
|
element, backspacing when the caret is immediately after an
|
|
element, forward-deleting at the end of an element,
|
|
forward-deleting when the caret is immediately before an element,
|
|
and deleting a selection whose start and end points do not share a
|
|
common parent node.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>In any case, the exact behavior is UA-dependent, but user
|
|
agents must not, in response to a request to delete text or an
|
|
element, generate a DOM that is less conformant than the DOM prior
|
|
to the request.</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt id="contenteditable-wrapSemantic">Insert, and wrap text in,
|
|
semantic elements</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>UAs should offer the user the ability to mark text and
|
|
paragraphs with semantics that HTML can express.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>UAs should similarly offer a way for the user to insert empty
|
|
semantic elements to subsequently fill by entering text
|
|
manually.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>UAs should also offer a way to remove those semantics from
|
|
marked up text, and to remove empty semantic element that have been
|
|
inserted.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>In response to a request from a user to mark text up in italics,
|
|
user agents should use the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code> element to represent the
|
|
semantic. The <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-em-element">em</a></code> element should be used only if the
|
|
user agent is sure that the user means to indicate stress
|
|
emphasis.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>In response to a request from a user to mark text up in bold,
|
|
user agents should use the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element to represent the
|
|
semantic. The <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-strong-element">strong</a></code> element should be used only if
|
|
the user agent is sure that the user means to indicate
|
|
importance.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The exact behavior is UA-dependent, but user agents must not,
|
|
in response to a request to wrap semantics around some text or to
|
|
insert or remove a semantic element, generate a DOM that is less
|
|
conformant than the DOM prior to the request.</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt>Select and move non-editable elements nested inside editing hosts</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>UAs should offer a way for the user to move images and other
|
|
non-editable parts around the content within an editing host. This
|
|
may be done using the <a href="dnd.html#dnd">drag and drop</a> mechanism. User
|
|
agents must not, in response to a request to move non-editable
|
|
elements nested inside editing hosts, generate a DOM that is less
|
|
conformant than the DOM prior to the request.</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt>Edit form controls nested inside editing hosts</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>When an <a href="#editable">editable</a> form control is edited, the
|
|
changes must be reflected in both its current value <em>and</em>
|
|
its default value. For <code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> elements this means
|
|
updating the <code title="dom-input-defaultValue"><a href="the-input-element.html#dom-input-defaultvalue">defaultValue</a></code> IDL attribute as
|
|
well as the <code title="dom-input-value"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#dom-input-value">value</a></code> IDL
|
|
attribute; for <code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-select-element">select</a></code> elements it means updating the
|
|
<code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> elements' <code title="dom-option-defaultSelected"><a href="the-button-element.html#dom-option-defaultselected">defaultSelected</a></code> IDL
|
|
attribute as well as the <code title="dom-option-selected"><a href="the-button-element.html#dom-option-selected">selected</a></code> IDL attribute; for
|
|
<code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code> elements this means updating the <code title="dom-textarea-defaultValue"><a href="the-button-element.html#dom-textarea-defaultvalue">defaultValue</a></code> IDL attribute
|
|
as well as the <code title="dom-textarea-value"><a href="the-button-element.html#dom-textarea-value">value</a></code> IDL
|
|
attribute. (Updating the <code title="">default*</code> IDL
|
|
attributes causes content attributes to be updated as well.)</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
</dl><p>User agents may perform several commands per user request; for
|
|
example if the user selects a block of text and hits
|
|
<kbd><kbd>Enter</kbd></kbd>, the UA might interpret that as a
|
|
request to delete the content of the selection followed by a request
|
|
to break the paragraph at that position.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>User agents may add <span>DOM changes</span> entries to the
|
|
<span>undo transaction history</span> of the <a href="#editing-host">editing
|
|
host</a>'s <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> object each time an action is
|
|
triggered.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>All of the actions defined above, whether triggered by the user
|
|
or programmatically (e.g. by <code title="dom-document-execCommand"><a href="dnd.html#execCommand">execCommand()</a></code> commands),
|
|
must fire mutation events as appropriate.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div><h4 id="making-entire-documents-editable"><span class="secno">7.5.2 </span>Making entire documents editable</h4><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<p>Documents have a <dfn id="designMode" title="dom-document-designMode"><code>designMode</code></dfn>, which
|
|
can be either enabled or disabled.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-designMode"><a href="#designMode">designMode</a></code> [ = <var title="">value</var> ]</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>Returns "<code title="">on</code>" if the document is editable,
|
|
and "<code title="">off</code>" if it isn't.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Can be set, to change the document's current state.</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
</dl><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<p>The <code title="dom-document-designMode"><a href="#designMode">designMode</a></code> IDL
|
|
attribute on the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> object takes two values,
|
|
"<code title="">on</code>" and "<code title="">off</code>". When it
|
|
is set, the new value must be compared in an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
|
|
case-insensitive</a> manner to these two values. If it matches
|
|
the "<code title="">on</code>" value, then <code title="dom-document-designMode"><a href="#designMode">designMode</a></code> must be enabled,
|
|
and if it matches the "<code title="">off</code>" value, then <code title="dom-document-designMode"><a href="#designMode">designMode</a></code> must be
|
|
disabled. Other values must be ignored.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>When <code title="dom-document-designMode"><a href="#designMode">designMode</a></code> is
|
|
enabled, the IDL attribute must return the value "<code title="">on</code>", and when it is disabled, it must return the
|
|
value "<code title="">off</code>".</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The last state set must persist until the document is destroyed
|
|
or the state is changed. Initially, documents must have their <code title="dom-document-designMode"><a href="#designMode">designMode</a></code> disabled.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div><h3 id="spelling-and-grammar-checking"><span class="secno">7.6 </span>Spelling and grammar checking</h3><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<p>User agents can support the checking of spelling and grammar of
|
|
editable text, either in form controls (such as the value of
|
|
<code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code> elements), or in elements in an <a href="#editing-host">editing
|
|
host</a> (using <code title="attr-contenteditable"><a href="#attr-contenteditable">contenteditable</a></code>).</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>For each element, user agents must establish a <dfn id="concept-spellcheck-default" title="concept-spellcheck-default">default behavior</dfn>, either
|
|
through defaults or through preferences expressed by the user. There
|
|
are three possible default behaviors for each element:</p>
|
|
|
|
<dl><dt><dfn id="concept-spellcheck-default-true" title="concept-spellcheck-default-true">true-by-default</dfn>
|
|
|
|
</dt><dd>The element will be checked for spelling and grammar if its
|
|
contents are editable.
|
|
|
|
</dd><dt><dfn id="concept-spellcheck-default-false" title="concept-spellcheck-default-false">false-by-default</dfn>
|
|
|
|
</dt><dd>The element will never be checked for spelling and grammar.
|
|
|
|
</dd><dt><dfn id="concept-spellcheck-default-inherit" title="concept-spellcheck-default-inherit">inherit-by-default</dfn>
|
|
|
|
</dt><dd>The element's default behavior is the same as its parent
|
|
element's. Elements that have no parent element cannot have this as
|
|
their default behavior.
|
|
|
|
</dd></dl><hr></div><p>The <dfn id="attr-spellcheck" title="attr-spellcheck"><code>spellcheck</code></dfn>
|
|
attribute is an <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#enumerated-attribute">enumerated attribute</a> whose keywords are
|
|
the empty string, <code title="">true</code> and <code title="">false</code>. The empty string and the <code title="">true</code> keyword map to the <i>true</i> state. The <code title="">false</code> keyword maps to the <i>false</i> state. In
|
|
addition, there is a third state, the <i>default</i> state, which is
|
|
the <i>missing value default</i> (and the <i>invalid value
|
|
default</i>).</p><p>The <i>true</i> state indicates that the element is to have its
|
|
spelling and grammar checked. The <i>default</i> state indicates
|
|
that the element is to act according to a default behavior, possibly
|
|
based on the parent element's own <code title="attr-spellcheck"><a href="#attr-spellcheck">spellcheck</a></code> state. The <i>false</i>
|
|
state indicates that the element is not to be checked.</p><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<hr></div><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">element</var> . <code title="dom-spellcheck"><a href="#dom-spellcheck">spellcheck</a></code> [ = <var title="">value</var> ]</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>Returns true if the element is to have its spelling and grammar
|
|
checked; otherwise, returns false.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Can be set, to override the default and set the <code title="attr-spellcheck"><a href="#attr-spellcheck">spellcheck</a></code> content attribute.</p>
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|
|
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</dd>
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|
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</dl><div class="impl">
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|
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<p>The <dfn id="dom-spellcheck" title="dom-spellcheck"><code>spellcheck</code></dfn> IDL
|
|
attribute, on getting, must return true if the element's <code title="attr-spellcheck"><a href="#attr-spellcheck">spellcheck</a></code> content attribute is in
|
|
the <i>true</i> state, or if the element's <code title="attr-spellcheck"><a href="#attr-spellcheck">spellcheck</a></code> content attribute is in
|
|
the <i>default</i> state and the element's <a href="#concept-spellcheck-default" title="concept-spellcheck-default">default behavior</a> is <a href="#concept-spellcheck-default-true" title="concept-spellcheck-default-true">true-by-default</a>, or
|
|
if the element's <code title="attr-spellcheck"><a href="#attr-spellcheck">spellcheck</a></code>
|
|
content attribute is in the <i>default</i> state and the element's
|
|
<a href="#concept-spellcheck-default" title="concept-spellcheck-default">default behavior</a> is
|
|
<a href="#concept-spellcheck-default-inherit" title="concept-spellcheck-default-inherit">inherit-by-default</a>
|
|
and the element's parent element's <code title="dom-spellcheck"><a href="#dom-spellcheck">spellcheck</a></code> IDL attribute would return
|
|
true; otherwise, if none of those conditions applies, then the
|
|
attribute must instead return false.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="note">The <code title="dom-spellcheck"><a href="#dom-spellcheck">spellcheck</a></code>
|
|
IDL attribute is not affected by user preferences that override the
|
|
<code title="attr-spellcheck"><a href="#attr-spellcheck">spellcheck</a></code> content attribute,
|
|
and therefore might not reflect the actual spellchecking state.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>On setting, if the new value is true, then the element's <code title="attr-spellcheck"><a href="#attr-spellcheck">spellcheck</a></code> content attribute must be
|
|
set to the literal string "<code title="">true</code>", otherwise it
|
|
must be set to the literal string "<code title="">false</code>".
|
|
|
|
</p><hr><p>User agents must only consider the following pieces of text as
|
|
checkable for the purposes of this feature:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ul><li>The value of <code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> elements to which the <code title="attr-input-readonly"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#attr-input-readonly">readonly</a></code> attribute applies,
|
|
whose <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="the-input-element.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attributes are not
|
|
in the <a href="states-of-the-type-attribute.html#password-state" title="attr-input-type-password">Password</a>
|
|
state, and that are not <i title="concept-input-immutable"><a href="the-input-element.html#concept-input-immutable">immutable</a></i> (i.e. that do not
|
|
have the <code title="attr-input-readonly"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#attr-input-readonly">readonly</a></code>
|
|
attribute specified and that are not <a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#concept-fe-disabled" title="concept-fe-disabled">disabled</a>).</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>The value of <code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code> elements that do not have a
|
|
<code title="attr-textarea-readonly"><a href="the-button-element.html#attr-textarea-readonly">readonly</a></code> attribute and
|
|
that are not <a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#concept-fe-disabled" title="concept-fe-disabled">disabled</a>.</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>Text in <a href="infrastructure.html#text-node" title="text node">text nodes</a> that are
|
|
children of <a href="#editable">editable</a> elements.</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>Text in attributes of <a href="#editable">editable</a> elements.</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul><p>For text that is part of a <a href="infrastructure.html#text-node">text node</a>, the element
|
|
with which the text is associated is the element that is the
|
|
immediate parent of the first character of the word, sentence, or
|
|
other piece of text. For text in attributes, it is the attribute's
|
|
element. For the values of <code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> and
|
|
<code><a href="the-button-element.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code> elements, it is the element itself.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>To determine if a word, sentence, or other piece of text in an
|
|
applicable element (as defined above) is to have spelling- and/or
|
|
grammar-checking enabled, the UA must use the following
|
|
algorithm:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ol><li>If the user has disabled the checking for this text, then the
|
|
checking is disabled.</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>Otherwise, if the user has forced the checking for this text to
|
|
always be enabled, then the checking is enabled.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>Otherwise, if the element with which the text is associated has
|
|
a <code title="attr-spellcheck"><a href="#attr-spellcheck">spellcheck</a></code> content
|
|
attribute, then: if that attribute is in the <i>true</i> state,
|
|
then checking is enabled; otherwise, if that attribute is in the
|
|
<i>false</i> state, then checking is disabled.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>Otherwise, if there is an ancestor element with a <code title="attr-spellcheck"><a href="#attr-spellcheck">spellcheck</a></code> content attribute that is
|
|
not in the <i>default</i> state, then: if the nearest such
|
|
ancestor's <code title="attr-spellcheck"><a href="#attr-spellcheck">spellcheck</a></code> content
|
|
attribute is in the <i>true</i> state, then checking is enabled;
|
|
otherwise, checking is disabled.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>Otherwise, if the element's <a href="#concept-spellcheck-default" title="concept-spellcheck-default">default behavior</a> is <a href="#concept-spellcheck-default-true" title="concept-spellcheck-default-true">true-by-default</a>,
|
|
then checking is enabled.</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>Otherwise, if the element's <a href="#concept-spellcheck-default" title="concept-spellcheck-default">default behavior</a> is <a href="#concept-spellcheck-default-false" title="concept-spellcheck-default-false">false-by-default</a>,
|
|
then checking is disabled.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>Otherwise, if the element's parent element has <em>its</em>
|
|
checking enabled, then checking is enabled.</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>Otherwise, checking is disabled.</li>
|
|
|
|
</ol><p>If the checking is enabled for a word/sentence/text, the user
|
|
agent should indicate spelling and/or grammar errors in that
|
|
text. User agents should take into account the other semantics given
|
|
in the document when suggesting spelling and grammar
|
|
corrections. User agents may use the language of the element to
|
|
determine what spelling and grammar rules to use, or may use the
|
|
user's preferred language settings. UAs should use
|
|
<code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element attributes such as <code title="attr-input-pattern"><a href="common-input-element-attributes.html#attr-input-pattern">pattern</a></code> to ensure that the
|
|
resulting value is valid, where possible.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>If checking is disabled, the user agent should not indicate
|
|
spelling or grammar errors for that text.</p>
|
|
|
|
<div class="example">
|
|
|
|
<p>The element with ID "a" in the following example would be the
|
|
one used to determine if the word "Hello" is checked for spelling
|
|
errors. In this example, it would not be.</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre><div contenteditable="true">
|
|
<span spellcheck="false" id="a">Hell</span><em>o!</em>
|
|
</div></pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>The element with ID "b" in the following example would have
|
|
checking enabled (the leading space character in the attribute's
|
|
value on the <code><a href="the-input-element.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element causes the attribute to be
|
|
ignored, so the ancestor's value is used instead, regardless of the
|
|
default).</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre><p spellcheck="true">
|
|
<label>Name: <input spellcheck=" false" id="b"></label>
|
|
</p></pre>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div><p class="note">This specification does not define the user
|
|
interface for spelling and grammar checkers. A user agent could
|
|
offer on-demand checking, could perform continuous checking while
|
|
the checking is enabled, or could use other interfaces.</p></body></html>
|