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<li class="current">Internationalization of Web Design and Applications</li>
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</div>
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<h1 class="title">Internationalization of Web Design and Applications</h1>
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<ul class="w3c_toc">
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<li>
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<a href="#completed">completed work</a>
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— including <a href="#stds">standards</a>
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<span class="bullet">• </span>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="#drafts">drafts</a>
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<span class="bullet">• </span>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="#externalrefs">resources developed outside W3C</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<div id="w3c_content_body">
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<div id="w3c_generated_status">
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<p id="w3c_toggle_include" class="default_open intro tPadding">This page summarizes the relationships among specifications, whether they are finished standards or drafts. Below, each title
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links to the most recent version of a document.
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For related introductory information, see: <a href="http://www.w3.org/standards/webdesign/i18n">Internationalization</a>.</p>
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<h2 id="completed">Completed Work</h2>
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<p>
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<a href="/TR/tr-technology-stds">W3C Recommendations</a> have
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been reviewed by W3C Members, by software developers, and by other
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W3C groups and interested parties, and are endorsed by the
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Director as Web Standards. Learn more about the <a href="/Consortium/Process/tr#rec-advance">W3C Recommendation
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Track</a>.</p>
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<p>
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<a href="/2005/10/Process-20051014/tr.html#q75">Group Notes</a> are <em>not</em> standards and do not
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have the same level of W3C endorsement.</p>
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<h3 id="stds">Standards</h3>
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<div class="data lMargin rMargin">
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<table class="w3c_spec_summary_table">
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td class="table_datecol">
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<a href="../history/charmod" title="Character Model for the World Wide Web 1.0: Fundamentals publication history">2005-02-15</a>
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</td>
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<td>
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<h4 class="w3c_status_title">
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<a title="status is REC" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-charmod-20050215/">Character Model for the World Wide Web 1.0: Fundamentals</a>
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</h4>
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<p class="rec_support_data">
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<a href="http://www.w3.org/2003/03/Translations/byTechnology?technology=charmod">translations</a>
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·
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<a href="http://www.w3.org/2005/02/charmod-fundamentals-errata.html">errata</a>
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</p>
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<div class="expand_description">
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<p>Architectural Specification building on
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Unicode to provide authors of
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specifications, software developers, and
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content developers with a common reference
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for interoperable text handling on the
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World Wide Web.</p>
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="lastRow">
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<td>
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<a href="../history/ruby" title="Ruby Annotation publication history">2001-05-31</a>
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</td>
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<td>
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<h4 class="w3c_status_title">
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<a title="status is REC" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-ruby-20010531">Ruby Annotation</a>
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</h4>
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<p class="rec_support_data">
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<a href="http://www.w3.org/2003/03/Translations/byTechnology?technology=ruby">translations</a>
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·
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<a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/05/ruby-errata">errata</a>
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</p>
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<div class="expand_description">
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<p>"Ruby" are short runs of text alongside the base text, typically used in East Asian documents to indicate pronunciation or to provide a short annotation. This specification defines markup for ruby, in the form of an XHTML module.</p>
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<h3 id="notes">Group Notes</h3>
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<div class="data lMargin rMargin">
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<table class="w3c_spec_summary_table">
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td class="table_datecol">
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<a href="../history/i18n-html-tech-bidi" title="Authoring HTML: Handling Right-to-left Scripts publication history">2009-09-08</a>
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</td>
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<td>
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<h4 class="w3c_status_title">
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<a title="status is NOTE" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/NOTE-i18n-html-tech-bidi-20090908/">Authoring HTML: Handling Right-to-left Scripts</a>
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</h4>
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<div class="expand_description">
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<p>
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Provides HTML/XHTML authors with best practice for developing internationalized HTML supported by CSS to create pages for languages that use bidirectional text, such as Arabic and Hebrew.
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</p>
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<a href="../history/unicode-xml" title="Unicode in XML and other Markup Languages publication history">2007-05-16</a>
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</td>
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<td>
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<h4 class="w3c_status_title">
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<a title="status is NOTE" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/NOTE-unicode-xml-20070516/">Unicode in XML and other Markup Languages</a>
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</h4>
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<div class="expand_description">
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<p>
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This document contains guidelines on the use of the Unicode Standard in conjunction with markup languages such as XML.
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</p>
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<a href="../history/i18n-html-tech-lang" title="Internationalization Best Practices: Specifying Language in XHTML & HTML Content publication history">2007-04-12</a>
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</td>
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<td>
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<h4 class="w3c_status_title">
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<a title="status is NOTE" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/NOTE-i18n-html-tech-lang-20070412/">Internationalization Best Practices: Specifying Language in XHTML & HTML Content</a>
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</h4>
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<div class="expand_description">
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<p>
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Provides HTML/XHTML authors with best practice for developing internationalized HTML supported by CSS to create pages for languages that use bidirectional text, such as Arabic and Hebrew.
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</p>
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="lastRow">
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<td>
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<a href="../history/arabic-math" title="Arabic mathematical notation publication history">2006-01-31</a>
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</td>
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<td>
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<h4 class="w3c_status_title">
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<a title="status is NOTE" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/NOTE-arabic-math-20060131">Arabic mathematical notation</a>
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</h4>
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<div class="expand_description">
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<p>Analyzes potential problems with the use of MathML for the presentation of mathematics in the notations customarily used with Arabic, and related languages.</p>
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<h2 id="drafts">Drafts</h2>
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<p>Below are draft documents:
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<a href="/2005/10/Process-20051014/tr.html#RecsWD">other Working Drafts</a>.
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Some of these may become Web Standards through the <a href="/Consortium/Process/tr#rec-advance">W3C Recommendation Track
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process</a>. Others may be published as Group Notes or
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become obsolete specifications.</p>
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<h3 id="wd">Other Working Drafts</h3>
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<div class="data lMargin rMargin">
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<table class="w3c_spec_summary_table">
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td class="table_datecol">
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<a href="../history/jlreq" title="Requirements for Japanese Text Layout publication history">2011-11-29</a>
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</td>
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<td>
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<h4 class="w3c_status_title">
|
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<a title="status is WD" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-jlreq-20111129/">Requirements for Japanese Text Layout</a>
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</h4>
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<div class="expand_description">
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<p>Describes requirements for general
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Japanese layout realized with technologies
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like CSS, SVG and XSL-FO. The document is
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mainly based on a standard for Japanese
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layout, JIS X 4051, however, it also
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addresses areas which are not covered by
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JIS X 4051.</p>
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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|
<a href="../history/css3-fonts" title="CSS Fonts Module Level 3 publication history">2011-10-04</a>
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</td>
|
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<td>
|
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<h4 class="w3c_status_title">
|
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<a title="status is WD" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-css3-fonts-20111004/">CSS Fonts Module Level 3</a>
|
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</h4>
|
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<div class="expand_description">
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<p>This CSS3 module describes how font properties are specified and how font resources are loaded dynamically. The contents of this specification are a consolidation of content previously divided into CSS3 Fonts and CSS3 Web Fonts modules.</p>
|
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
|
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<td>
|
|
<a href="../history/css3-ruby" title="CSS3 Ruby Module publication history">2011-06-30</a>
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</td>
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<td>
|
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<h4 class="w3c_status_title">
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<a title="status is WD" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-css3-ruby-20110630/">CSS3 Ruby Module</a>
|
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</h4>
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<div class="expand_description">
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<p>
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The set of CSS properties proposed in this
|
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document can be used in combination with the ruby elements of HTML to
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produce the stylistic effects needed to display ruby text appropriately
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relative to base text.
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</p>
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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|
<a href="../history/css3-lists" title="CSS Lists and Counters Module Level 3 publication history">2011-05-24</a>
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</td>
|
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<td>
|
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<h4 class="w3c_status_title">
|
|
<a title="status is WD" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-css3-lists-20110524">CSS Lists and Counters Module Level 3</a>
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</h4>
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<div class="expand_description">
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<p>This CSS level 3 module describes how lists are styled.</p>
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
|
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<td>
|
|
<a href="../history/html-bidi" title="Additional Requirements for Bidi in HTML publication history">2010-03-04</a>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>
|
|
<h4 class="w3c_status_title">
|
|
<a title="status is WD" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/WD-html-bidi-20100304/">Additional Requirements for Bidi in HTML</a>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
<div class="expand_description">
|
|
<p>This document contains proposals for new
|
|
features to be added to HTML to support bidirectional text in languages such
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as Arabic, Hebrew, Persian, Thaana, Urdu, etc.</p>
|
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
|
|
<td>
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|
<a href="../history/i18n-html-tech-char" title="Authoring Techniques for XHTML & HTML Internationalization: Characters and Encodings 1.0 publication history">2004-05-09</a>
|
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</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<h4 class="w3c_status_title">
|
|
<a title="status is WD" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/WD-i18n-html-tech-char-20040509/">Authoring Techniques for XHTML & HTML Internationalization: Characters and Encodings 1.0</a>
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</h4>
|
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<div class="expand_description">
|
|
<p>Provides HTML/XHTML authors with best practice for developing internationalized HTML supported by CSS, focusing specifically on advice about character sets, encodings, and other character-specific matters.</p>
|
|
</div>
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|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
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<tr class="lastRow">
|
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<td>
|
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<a href="../history/css3-linebox" title="CSS3 module: line publication history">2002-05-15</a>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>
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<h4 class="w3c_status_title">
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<a title="status is WD" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-css3-linebox-20020515">CSS3 module: line</a>
|
|
</h4>
|
|
<div class="expand_description">
|
|
<p>Describes the positioning in the block progression direction both
|
|
of elements and text within lines and of the lines themselves. This
|
|
positioning is often relative to a baseline. It also describes special
|
|
features for formatting of first lines and drop caps.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
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<div id="externalrefs">
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<h2>Resources Developed Outside W3C</h2>
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|
|
|
<p>The following resources are relevant to this area of
|
|
work.</p>
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|
|
|
<h3>Internationalized Resource Identifiers (RFC
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|
3987)</h3>
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|
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt">RFC
|
|
3987: Internationalization Resource Identifiers</a>
|
|
defines a new protocol element, the Internationalized
|
|
Resource Identifier (IRI), as a complement to the Uniform
|
|
Resource Identifier (URI).</p>
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|
|
|
<h3>Internet-Draft: BCP 47 (RFC 4646 and RFC 4647)</h3>
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|
|
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<p>
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|
<a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/bcp/bcp47.txt">IETF Best Current Practice 47</a> describes language tags and language tag matching for cases where it is desirable to indicate the language used in an information object. Comprises two IETF RFCs: RFC 4646 Tags for Identifying Languages and RFC 4647 Matching of Language Tags. The two editors of this best practice participate in the Internationalization Working Group. </p>
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|
|
|
<h3>Date and Time Formats</h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>
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|
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/NOTE-datetime-19980827">Date and Time Formats</a> is a W3C Member Submission that defines a profile of ISO 8601, the International Standard for the representation of dates and times, likely to satisfy most requirements.</p>
|
|
<p class="rec_support_data">
|
|
<a href="http://www.w3.org/2005/11/Translations/Query?note=NOTE-datetime-19980827">translations</a>
|
|
</p>
|
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</div>
|
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</div>
|
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</div>
|
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</div>
|
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