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421 lines
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
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<head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
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<title>Data - W3C</title>
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<link rel="Help" href="/Help/" />
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/**/
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@import url("/2008/site/css/advanced");
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</style><link href="/2008/site/css/minimum" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="handheld, only screen and (max-device-width: 480px)" />
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<body id="www-w3-org" class="w3c_public">
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<div id="w3c_mast">
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<h1 class="logo"><a tabindex="2" accesskey="1" href="/"><img src="/2008/site/images/logo-w3c-mobile-lg" width="90" height="53" alt="W3C" /></a>
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<span class="alt-logo">W3C</span></h1>
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<li class="first-item"><a href="/standards/">Standards</a></li>
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<li><a href="/participate/">Participate</a></li>
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<li><a href="/Consortium/membership">Membership</a></li>
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<div class="w3c_leftCol"><h2 class="offscreen">Site Navigation</h2>
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<h3 class="category"><span class="ribbon"><a href="/standards/semanticweb/" title="Up to Semantic Web">Semantic Web <img src="/2008/site/images/header-link" alt="Header link" width="13" height="13" class="header-link" /></a></span></h3>
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<ul class="theme">
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<li><a href="/standards/semanticweb/applications.html">Vertical Applications</a></li>
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<li><a href="/standards/semanticweb/inference.html">Inference</a></li>
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<li><a href="/standards/semanticweb/query.html">Query</a></li>
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<li><a href="/standards/semanticweb/ontology.html">Ontologies</a></li>
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<li><a class="current">Data</a></li>
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</ul>
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<br /></div>
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<ul class="bct"> <!-- .bct / Breadcrumbs -->
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<li class="skip"><a tabindex="1" accesskey="2" title="Skip to content (e.g., when browsing via audio)" href="#w3c_content_body">Skip</a></li>
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<li><a href="/">W3C</a> <span class="cr">»</span> </li>
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<li><a href="/standards/">Standards</a> <span class="cr">»</span> </li>
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<li><a href="/standards/semanticweb/">Semantic Web</a> <span class="cr">»</span> </li>
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<li class="current">Data</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<h1 class="title">
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<img src="/2008/site/images/theme-web-semantics" alt="" />Linked Data</h1>
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<ul class="w3c_toc">
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<li class="toc_prefix">On this page → </li>
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<li><a href="#summary">what is linked data</a>
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<span class="bullet">• </span>
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</li>
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<li><a href="#uses">what is linked data used for</a>
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<span class="bullet">• </span>
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</li>
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<li><a href="#examples">examples</a>
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<span class="bullet">• </span>
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</li>
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<li><a href="#examples">learn more</a>
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<span class="bullet">• </span>
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</li>
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<!--
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<li><a href="#pressreleases">recent press releases</a>
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<span class="bullet">• </span>
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</li>
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-->
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<li><a href="#specifications">current status of specifications</a> and <a href="#w3c_groups">groups</a></li>
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</ul>
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<div class="w3c_toc">
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</div>
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<!-- Generated from data/body_with_context.php, ../../smarty/{body_with_context.tpl} -->
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<div id="w3c_content_body">
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<div class="line">
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<div class="unit size3on4">
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<h2 id="summary">What is Linked Data?</h2>
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<p>The Semantic Web is a Web of Data — of dates and titles
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and part numbers and chemical properties and any other data one
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might conceive of. The collection of Semantic Web technologies (RDF, OWL, SKOS, SPARQL, etc.) provides
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an environment where application can <a href="query">query</a> that data, draw <a href="inference">inferences</a>
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using <a href="ontology">vocabularies</a>, etc. </p>
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<p>However, to make the Web of Data a reality, it is
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important to have the huge amount of data on the Web available in a standard format, reachable and
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manageable by Semantic Web tools. Furthermore, not only does the Semantic Web need access to
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data, but <em>relationships among data</em> should be made available, too, to create
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a <em>Web</em> of Data (as opposed to a sheer collection of datasets). This collection of
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interrelated datasets on the Web can also be referred to as Linked Data.</p>
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<p>To achieve and create Linked Data, technologies should be available for a common format (RDF),
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to make either conversion or on-the-fly access to existing databases (relational, XML, HTML, etc). It is also important to be able to setup
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<a href="query">query</a> endpoints to access that data more conveniently.
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W3C provides a palette of technologies (RDF, GRDDL, POWDER, RDFa, the upcoming R2RML,
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RIF, SPARQL) to get access to the data.
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</p>
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<h2 id="uses">What is Linked Data Used For?</h2>
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<p>Linked Data lies at the heart of what Semantic Web is all about: large scale integration of, and
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reasoning on, data on the Web. Almost all applications listed in, say
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<a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/sweo/public/UseCases/">collection of Semantic Web Case Studies
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and Use Cases</a> are essentially based on the accessibility of, and integration of Linked Data at various
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level of complexities. </p>
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<h2 id="examples">Examples</h2>
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<p>A typical case of a large Linked Dataset is <a href="http://dbpedia.org">DBPedia</a>,
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which, essentially, makes the content of Wikipedia available in RDF. The importance of DBPedia is
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not only that it includes Wikipedia data, but also that it
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incorporates links to <em>other</em> datasets on the Web, e.g., to
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<a href="http://www.geonames.org/">Geonames</a>. By providing those extra links
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(in terms of RDF triples) applications may exploit the extra (and possibly more precise)
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knowledge from other datasets when developing an application; by virtue of integrating facts from
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several datasets, the application may provide a much better user experience.</p>
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<h2 id="learnmore">Learn More</h2>
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<p>
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Tim Berners-Lee's <a href="http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html">note on Linked Data</a> gives a succinct description of the Linked Data principles.
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The Semantic Web community also maintains a <a href="http://esw.w3.org/topic/SwBooks">list of books</a>
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on a W3C Wiki page. Some of those books
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are introductory in nature while others are conference proceedings or
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textbook that address more advanced topics.
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Details of <a href="http://www.w3.org/2007/11/Talks/Semantic_Web.html">recent and upcoming
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Semantic Web related talks</a>, given by the <a href="http://www.w3.org/People/">W3C Staff</a>,
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the <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Offices/">staff of the W3C Offices</a>,
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and members of the W3C Working Groups are available separately; the slides
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are usually publicly available. The
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W3C also maintains a <a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/sweo/public/UseCases/">collection of Semantic
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Web Case Studies and Use Cases</a> that
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show how Semantic Web technologies, including Linked Data, are used in
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practice. </p>
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<div id="pressreleases"></div>
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<div id="recentpress"><!-- start generated recent press --><h2>Recent Press</h2>
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<dl>
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<dt>
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<span class="press_date">9 January</span>
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<br />
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<a href="http://www.guadalinfo.es/index">Guadalinfo</a>
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</dt>
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<dd>
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<a href="http://www.guadalinfo.es/node/444806">
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“<cite>Día W3C en España</cite>”
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</a>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<span class="press_date">8 January</span>
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<br />
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<a href="http://accesibilidadenlaweb.blogspot.com/">Accesibilidad en la Web</a>
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</dt>
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<dd>
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<a href="http://accesibilidadenlaweb.blogspot.com/2012/01/dia-w3c-en-espana.html">
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“<cite>Día W3C en España</cite>”
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</a>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<span class="press_date">6 January</span>
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<br />
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<a href="http://www.stateofsearch.com/">State of Search</a>
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</dt>
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<dd>
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<a href="http://www.stateofsearch.com/seo-2012-will-schema-be-a-factor/">
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“<cite>SEO 2012 – Will Schema Be A Factor</cite>”
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</a>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<span class="press_date">4 January</span>
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<br />
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<a href="http://www.lastampa.it/redazione/default.asp">La Stampa</a>
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</dt>
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<dd>
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<a href="http://www.lastampa.it/_web/CMSTP/tmplrubriche/giornalisti/grubrica.asp?ID_blog=2&ID_articolo=1302">
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“<cite>Tim Berners-Lee: "Tutti i nostri dati valgono oro"</cite>”
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</a>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<!-- end generated recent press --></div>
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<h2 id="specifications">Current Status of Specifications</h2>
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<p>Learn more about the current status of specifications related
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to:
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</p>
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<div id="w3c_techs_body"><ul class="show_items"><li>
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<a href="/standards/techs/rdf">RDF</a>
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</li><li>
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<a href="/standards/techs/rdfbp">RDF Best Practices</a>
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</li><li>
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<a href="/standards/techs/rdfa">RDFa</a>
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</li><li>
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<a href="/standards/techs/rdfrel">RDF Relationship to Other Formats</a>
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</li><li>
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<a href="/standards/techs/grddl">GRDDL</a>
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</li><li>
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<a href="/standards/techs/powder">POWDER</a>
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</li><li>
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<a href="/standards/techs/sawsdl">Semantic Annotation for WSDL and XML Schema</a>
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</li><li>
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<a href="/standards/techs/provenance">Provenance</a>
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</li></ul></div>
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<p>These <a href="/Consortium/activities">W3C Groups</a> are
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working on the related specifications:
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</p>
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<div id="w3c_groups"><ul class="show_items">
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<li>
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<a href="http://www.w3.org/html/wg/">HTML Working Group</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/rdb2rdf/">RDB2RDF Working Group</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="http://www.w3.org/2010/02/rdfa/">RDF Web Applications Working Group</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/rdf-wg/">RDF Working Group</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/interest/">Semantic Web Interest Group</a>
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</li>
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</ul></div>
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</div>
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<div class="unit size1on4 lastUnit w3c_rhs">
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<div id="curstatusrhs">
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<h2 class="h4 category">Current Status</h2>
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<ul class="theme right-side">
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<li>
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<a href="/standards/techs/rdf">RDF</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/standards/techs/rdfbp">RDF Best Practices</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/standards/techs/rdfa">RDFa</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/standards/techs/rdfrel">RDF Relationship to Other Formats</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/standards/techs/grddl">GRDDL</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/standards/techs/powder">POWDER</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/standards/techs/sawsdl">Semantic Annotation for WSDL and XML Schema</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/standards/techs/provenance">Provenance</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div id="useitrhs">
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<h2 class="h4 category">Use It</h2>
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<ul class="theme right-list">
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<li class="tutorials_link">
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<a href="/2002/03/tutorials#semanticweb_data">Tutorials</a>
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</li>
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<li>Business Case</li>
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<li>Software</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div id="validatorsrhs">
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<h2 class="h4 category">Validators</h2>
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<ul class="theme right-list">
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<li>
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<a title="RDF Validator" href="http://www.w3.org/RDF/Validator/">RDF</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div id="logosrhs">
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<h2 class="h4 category">Logos</h2>
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<ul class="theme right-list">
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<li>
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<a href="http://www.w3.org/2007/10/sw-logos.html#sw-rdf">RDF</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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</div>
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<!-- /end #contextnav -->
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div id="w3c_footer">
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<h2 class="offscreen">Footer Navigation</h2>
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<h3>Navigation</h3>
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<ul class="footer_top_nav">
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<li><a href="/">Home</a></li>
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<h3>Contact W3C</h3>
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<li><a href="/Consortium/contact">Contact</a></li>
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<h3>W3C Updates</h3>
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<li><a href="http://twitter.com/W3C" title="Follow W3C on Twitter"><img src="/2008/site/images/twitter-bird" alt="Twitter" width="78" height="83" class="social-icon" /></a> <a href="http://identi.ca/w3c" title="See W3C on Identica"><img src="/2008/site/images/identica-logo" alt="Identica" width="91" height="83" class="social-icon" /></a></li>
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</div>
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<!-- #footer address / page signature -->
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<p class="copyright">Copyright © 2012 W3C <sup>®</sup> (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><acronym title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</acronym></a>, <a href="http://www.ercim.eu/"><acronym title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</acronym></a>,
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<a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>) <a href="/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice">Usage policies
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apply</a>.
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