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383 lines
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
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<title>Longer Bio for Tim Berners-Lee</title>
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<body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" lang="en">
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<h2><a href="Overview.html">Sir Timothy Berners-Lee OM, KBE, FRS, FREng,
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FRSA</a></h2>
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<h1>Longer Biography</h1>
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<p>For those who want details for some reason. This is more or less a
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collection of everything which has been asked for to date.</p>
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<h4>Background</h4>
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<p>In 1989, while working at at <a href="http://www.cern.ch/">CERN</a>, the
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European Particle Physics Laboratory in Geneva, Switzerland, Tim Berners-lee
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proposed a global hypertext project, to be known as the World Wide Web. Based
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on the earlier "Enquire" work, it was designed to allow people to work together
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by combining their knowledge in a web of hypertext documents. He wrote the
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first World Wide Web server, "<i>httpd</i>", and the first client,
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"<i>WorldWideWeb</i>" a what-you-see-is-what-you-get hypertext browser/editor
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which ran in the NeXTStep environment. This work was started in October 1990,
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and the program "WorldWideWeb" first made available within CERN in December,
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and on the Internet at large in the summer of 1991.</p>
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<p>Through 1991 and 1993, Tim continued working on the design of the Web,
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coordinating feedback from users across the Internet. His initial
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specifications of URIs, HTTP and HTML were refined and discussed in larger
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circles as the Web technology spread.</p>
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<p></p>
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<p>Tim Berners-Lee graduated from <a href="http://www.queens.ox.ac.uk/">the
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Queen's College</a><a></a> at Oxford University, England, 1976. Whilst there he
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built his first computer with a soldering iron, TTL gates, an M6800 processor
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and an old television.</p>
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<p>He spent two years with Plessey Telecommunications Ltd (Poole, Dorset, UK) a
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major UK Telecom equipment manufacturer, working on distributed transaction
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systems, message relays, and bar code technology.</p>
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<p>In 1978 Tim left Plessey to join D.G Nash Ltd (Ferndown, Dorset, UK), where
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he wrote among other things typesetting software for intelligent printers, and
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a multitasking operating system.</p>
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<p>A year and a half spent as an independent consultant included a six month
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stint (Jun-Dec 1980)as consultant software engineer at <a
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href="http://www.cern.ch/">CERN</a>. Whilst there, he wrote for his own private
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use his first program for storing information including using random
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associations. Named "Enquire" and never published, this program formed the
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conceptual basis for the future development of the World Wide Web.</p>
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<p>From 1981 until 1984, Tim worked at John Poole's <i>Image Computer Systems
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Ltd</i>, with technical design responsibility. Work here included real time
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control firmware, graphics and communications software, and a generic macro
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language. In 1984, he took up a fellowship at CERN, to work on distributed
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real-time systems for scientific data acquisition and system control. Among
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other things, he worked on FASTBUS system software and designed a heterogeneous
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remote procedure call system.</p>
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<p></p>
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<p></p>
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<p>In 1994, Tim founded the <a href="/">World Wide Web Consortium</a> at the
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then Laboratory for Computer Science (<a
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href="http://www.lcs.mit.edu/">LCS</a>) which merged with the Artificial
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Intelligence Lab in 2003 to become the Computer Science and Artificial
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Intelligence Laboratory (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/">CSAIL</a>) at the
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology (<a href="http://web.mit.edu/">MIT</a>).
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Since that time he has served as the Director of the World Wide Web Consortium
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a Web standards organization which develops interoperable technologies
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(specifications, guidelines, software, and tools) to lead the Web to its full
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potential. The Consortium has host sites located at MIT, at <a
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href="http://www.ercim.org/">ERCIM</a> in Europe, and at Keio University in
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Japan as well as <a href="../../Consortium/Offices/">Offices</a> around the
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world. </p>
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<p>In 1999, he became the first holder of the <a href="3ComFounders.html">3Com
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Founders chair</a>. He is currently the 3COM Founders Professor of Engineering
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in the School of Engineering, with a joint appointment in the Department of
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Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at CSAIL where he also heads the
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Decentralized Information Group (<a href="http://dig.csail.mit.edu/">DIG</a>).
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In December 2004 he was named a Professor in the <a
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href="http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/">Computer Science Department</a> at the
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University of Southampton, UK. He is co-Director of the <a
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href="http://www.webscience.org/">Web Science Trust</a>, launched in 2006 as
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the Web Science Research Initiative, to help create the first multidisciplinary
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research body to examine the World Wide Web and offer the practical solutions
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needed to help guide its future use and design. He is a Director of the <a
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href="http://www.webfoundation.org/">World Wide Web Foundation</a>, started in
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2008 to fund and coordinate efforts to further the potential of the Web to
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benefit humanity.</p>
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<p>In <a href="../../News/2009#item98">June 2009</a> then Prime Minister Gordon
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Brown announced that Sir Tim Berners-Lee would work with the UK Government to
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help make data more open and accessible on the Web, building on the work of the
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<a href="http://powerofinformation.wordpress.com/">Power of Information Task
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Force</a>. Sir Tim is currently a member of <a
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href="http://www.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/content/public-sector-transparency-board-who%27s-who">The
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Public Sector Transparency Board</a> to drive forward the UK Government’s
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transparency agenda.</p>
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<p>He is the author, with Mark Fischetti, of the book "<a
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href="Weaving/Overview.html">Weaving the Web</a>" on the the past present and
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future of the Web.</p>
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<p></p>
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<hr>
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<h4>Awards</h4>
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<dl>
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<dt>1995:</dt>
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<dd><a href="http://www.kilby.org/">Kilby Foundation's</a> "Young Innovator
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of the Year" Award</dd>
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<dd><a href="http://www.acm.org/awards/ssaward.html">ACM Software Systems
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Award</a> (co-recipient) <br>
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Honorary <a href="http://www.aec.at/">Prix Ars Electronica<br>
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</a><a
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href="http://wam.bcs.org/wam/memberdirectory.aspx?letter=B">Distinguished
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Fellow</a> of the British Computer Society<br>
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</dd>
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<dt>1997:</dt>
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<dd>Awarded an <a href="http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/page498.asp">Order
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of the British Empire</a> (OBE)<br>
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IEEE Koji Kobayashi Computers and Communications Award</dd>
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<dd><a href="http://physics.iop.org/IOP/Awards/duddell.html">Duddell
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Medal</a> of the Institute of Physics<br>
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Interactive Services Association's Distinguished Service Award<br>
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<a href="http://innovate.si.edu/">MCI Computerworld/Smithsonian</a> Award
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for Leadership in Innovation <br>
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International Communication Institute's Columbus Prize<br>
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</dd>
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<dt>1998:</dt>
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<dd>Charles Babbage award<br>
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Mountbatten Medal of the National Electronics Council<br>
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Lord Lloyd of Kilgerran Prize from the Foundation for Science and
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Technology<br>
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PC Magazine Lifetime Achievement Award in Technical Excellence<br>
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<a href="http://www.macfdn.org/programs/fel/fel_overview.htm">MacArthur
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Fellowship</a><br>
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<a href="http://www.eduard-rhein-stiftung.de/">The Eduard Rhein
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Technology Award</a><br>
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Honorary Fellow, <a href="http://www.iee.org.uk/">Institution of
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Electrical Engineers</a><br>
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</dd>
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<dt>1999:</dt>
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<dd>Named "One of the 100 greatest minds of the century" by Time
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Magazine<br>
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World Technology Award for Communication Technology<br>
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Honorary Fellowship, The Society for Technical Communications</dd>
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<dt>2000:</dt>
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<dd><a href="http://www.educause.edu/awards/pep/pep.html">Paul Evan Peters
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Award</a> of ARL, Educause and CNI<br>
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<a href="http://www.eff.org/">Electronic Freedom Foundation</a>'s Pioneer
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Award<br>
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<a href="http://www.compuseum.org/Pioneers.html">George R Stibitz
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Computer Pioneer Award,</a> <a href="http://www.compuseum.org/">American
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Computer Museum</a> <br>
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Special Award for Outstanding Contribution of the World Television
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Forum<br>
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</dd>
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<dt>2001:</dt>
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<dd><a href="http://www.raeng.org.uk/prizes/whittle/">Sir Frank Whittle
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Medal,</a> the <a href="http://www.raeng.org.uk/">Royal Academy of
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Engineering</a><br>
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Fellow,<a href="http://www.royalsoc.ac.uk/">Royal Society</a><br>
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Member, <a href="http://www.amacad.org/">American Academy of Arts and
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Sciences</a><br>
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</dd>
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<dt>2002:</dt>
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<dd><a href="http://www.japanprize.jp/e_what_is_jp.htm">Japan Prize</a>,
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the <a href="http://www.japanprize.jp/English.htm">Science and Technology
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Foundation of Japan</a><br>
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<a href="http://www.fpa.es/">Prince of Asturias Foundation</a> Prize for
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Scientific and Technical Research (shared with with Larry Roberts, Rob
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Kahn and Vint Cerf)<br>
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Fellow, <a href="http://www.marconifoundation.org/">Guglielmo Marconi
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Foundation</a><br>
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<a href="http://www.rsa.org.uk/events/a_medal.asp">Albert Medal</a> of
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the <a href="http://www.rsa.org.uk/">Royal Society for the Encouragement
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of Art, Manufactures and Commerce</a> (RSA)<br>
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</dd>
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<dt>2004:</dt>
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<dd><a
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href="http://www.fco.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1007029391629&a=KArticle&aid=1071660943874">Knighted</a>
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(KBE) by H.M. the Queen for services to the global development of the
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Internet <br>
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<a
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href="http://www.technologyawards.org/index.php?technologyawards=4147b8345404a1ce4465d1f92e318fa2&article_id=3184">Millennium
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Technology Prize</a><br>
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<a href="http://www.asis.org/awards/2004_winners.html">Special Award</a>
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of the American Society for Information Science and Technology<br>
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Member, <a href="http://www.amphilsoc.org/about/">American Philosophical
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Society</a><br>
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</dd>
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<dt>2005:</dt>
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<dd><a href="http://www.sigmaxi.org/programs/prizes/common.shtml">Common
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Wealth Award</a> for Distinguished Service for Mass Communications<br>
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<a href="http://www.diequadriga.com/">Die Quadriga Award</a><br>
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Financial Times Lifetime Achievement Award</dd>
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<dt>2006:</dt>
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<dd><a
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href="http://www.iop.org/activity/awards/The_President's_Medal/page_1728.html">President's
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Medal</a>, the Institute of Physics</dd>
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<dt>2007:</dt>
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<dd>Awarded the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_merit">Order
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of Merit</a> by H.M. the Queen<br>
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<a
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href="http://www.nae.edu/nae/awardscom.nsf/Multi+Database+Search/862570B60074AEDD8625725A0069E09D?OpenDocument">Charles
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Stark Draper Prize</a>, National Academy of Engineering<br>
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<a href="http://www.bcs.org/server.php?show=nav.5932">Lovelace Medal,</a>
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British Computer Society<br>
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<a
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href="http://www.digitalartsonline.co.uk/news/index.cfm?NewsID=7975">D&AD
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President's Award</a> for Innovation and Creativity<br>
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MITX (Massachusetts Innovation & Technology Exchange) <a
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href="http://www.mimc.org/main.cfm?sec_id=12&guid=7cc8c0bf-4743-46be-97ca-ed63ef77b23b&detail=257">Leadership
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Award</a><br>
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Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Engineering</dd>
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<dt>2008:</dt>
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<dd>BITC <a
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href="http://www.bitc.org.uk/awards_for_excellence/awards_videos/awards_2008/gala_dinner_2008_videos/">Award
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for Excellence</a></dd>
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<dd><a
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href="http://www.ieee.org/portal/pages/about/awards/bios/2008Recips/2008maxwell-Lee.html">IEEE/RSE
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Wolfson James Clerk Maxwell Award</a><br>
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Fellow, <a href="http://www.ieee.org/portal/site/iportals">IEEE</a><br>
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<a
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href="http://www.hks.harvard.edu/news-events/news/press-releases/sir-timothy-berners-lee-to-receive-pathfinder-award">Pathfinder
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Award</a>, <a href="http://www.hks.harvard.edu/">Harvard Kennedy School
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of Government</a></dd>
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<dt>2009:</dt>
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<dd><a
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href="http://www8.nationalacademies.org/onpinews/newsitem.aspx?RecordID=04282009">Foreign
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Associate</a>, National Academy of Sciences<br>
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Webby Awards <a
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href="http://www.webbyawards.com/webbys/specialachievement13.php/#berners-lee">Lifetime
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Achievement Award</a></dd>
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<dt>2010: </dt>
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<dd><a
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href="http://news.ku.dk/all_news/2010/2010.9/unesco_niels_bohr_gold_medal_awarded_to_prominent_physicists_kopi/">UNESCO
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Niels Bohr Gold Medal Award</a> </dd>
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<dt>2011: </dt>
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<dd><a href="http://www.gorby80.com/">The Mikhail Gorbachev Award</a></dd>
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<dd><a
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href="http://www.bilbaowebsummit.com/pages_en/awards/awards.html">DAMA
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Web Awards, Bilbao Web Summit</a></dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dt><strong>Honorary Degrees:</strong></dt>
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<dt></dt>
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<dd><a href="http://www.parsons.edu/">Parsons School of Design</a>, New
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York (D.F.A., 1995)</dd>
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<dd><a href="http://www.soton.ac.uk/">Southampton University</a> (D.Sc.,
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1995)<br>
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Essex University (D.U., 1998)<br>
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<a href="http://www.scu.edu.au/">Southern Cross University</a> (1998)<br>
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<a href="http://www.open.ac.uk/">Open University</a> (D.U., 2000)<br>
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<a href="http://www.columbia.edu/">Columbia University</a> (D.Law,
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2001)<br>
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<a href="http://www.ox.ac.uk/">Oxford University</a> (D.Sc., 2001)<br>
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<a href="http://www.upe.ac.za/">University of Port Elizabeth</a> (DSc.,
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2002) <br>
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<a
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href="http://domino.lancs.ac.uk/info/lunews.nsf/I/2768F56EB38B32F780256ECC00404E69">Lancaster
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University</a> (D.Sc., 2004)<br>
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<a href="http://www.uoc.edu/hc/berners-lee/eng/acte.html">Universitat
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Oberta de Catalunya </a>(2008)</dd>
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<dd><a
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href="http://www.manchester.ac.uk/aboutus/news/display/?id=4216">University
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of Manchester</a> (2008)</dd>
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<dd><a
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href="http://www2.upm.es/portal/site/internacional/menuitem.391efba82ffd871bb92c3010907c46a8/?vgnextoid=ae916874729c0210VgnVCM10000009c7648aRCRD">Universidad
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Politécnica de Madrid</a> (2009)<br>
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Université de Liège (2009)</dd>
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<dd><a
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href="http://www.cs.vu.nl/en/news-agenda/news-archive/2009/Honorary_Doctorate_Sir_Berners-Lee.asp">VU
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University Amsterdam</a> (2009)</dd>
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<dd><a
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href="http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2011/05/harvard-to-award-nine-honorary-degrees/#berners-lee">Harvard
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University</a> (2011)</dd>
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</dl>
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<h4>Selected Publications </h4>
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<p>Berners-Lee, T.J., et al, "World-Wide Web: Information Universe",
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<em>Electronic Publishing: Research, Applications and Policy</em>, April
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1992.</p>
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<p>Berners-Lee T.J., et al, "The World Wide Web", <em>Communications of the
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ACM</em>, August 1994.</p>
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<p>Tim Berners-Lee with Mark Fischetti, <em><a href="Weaving">Weaving the
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Web</a></em>, Harper San Francisco, 1999</p>
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<p>Tim Berners-Lee, Dan Connolly, Ralph R. Swick "<a
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href="/1999/04/WebData">Web Architecture: Describing and Exchanging Data</a>",
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W3C Note, 1999/6-7.</p>
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<p>Berners-Lee, Tim. and Hendler, James "<a
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href="http://www.nature.com/cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/nature/journal/v410/n6832/full/4101023b0_fs.html">Publishing
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on the Semantic Web</a>", Nature, April 26 2001 p. 1023-1025.</p>
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<p>Berners-Lee, Tim; Hendler, James and Lassila, Ora "<a
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href="http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?articleID=00048144-10D2-1C70-84A9809EC588EF21">The
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Semantic Web</a>", Scientific American, May 2001, p. 29-37.</p>
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<p>James Hendler, Tim Berners-Lee and Eric Miller, '<a
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href="/2002/07/swint">Integrating Applications on the Semantic Web</a>',
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Journal of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, <br>
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Vol 122(10), October, 2002, p. 676-680</p>
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<p>Hendler, J., Berners-Lee, T.J., and Miller, E., ' <a
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href="/2002/07/swint">Integrating Applications on the Semantic Web</a> ',
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Journal of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, Vol 122(10),
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October, 2002, p. 676-680.</p>
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<p>Nigel Shadbolt, Wendy Hall, Tim Berners-Lee, "<a
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href="http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/12614/01/Semantic_Web_Revisted.pdf">The
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Semantic Web Revisited</a>", IEEE Intelligent Systems Journal, May/June 2006,
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96-101</p>
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<p>Web Science Workshop Report12th-13th September, 2005. Hosted by the British
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Computer Society, London</p>
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<p>Tim Berners-Lee, Wendy Hall, James Hendler, Nigel Shadbolt, Daniel J.
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Weitzner, “<a
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href="http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/313/5788/769?ijkey=o66bodkFqpcCs&keytype=ref&siteid=sci">Computer
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Science: Enhanced: Creating a Science of the Web</a>”, Science Vol. 313,
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11 August 2006: 769-771Nigel Shadbolt, Wendy Hall, Tim Berners-Lee, “The
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Semantic Web Revisited”, IEEE Intelligent Systems Journal, </p>
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<p>Tim-Berners Lee, Wendy Hall, James A. Hendler, Kieron O'Hara, Nigel Shadbolt
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and Daniel J. Weitzner, “<a
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href="http://www.nowpublishers.com/product.aspx?product=WEB&doi=1800000001">A
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Framework for Web Science</a>”, Foundations and Trends in Web Science,
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Volume 1, Issue 1 (also available as a book: ISBN: 1-933019-33-6 144pp
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September 2006)</p>
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<p>Nigel Shadbolt, Tim Berners-Lee "<a
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href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=web-science">Web
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Science: Studying the Internet to Protect Our Future</a>", Scientific American,
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Vol. 299, No. 4, P. 76, October 2008</p>
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<p>Christian Bizer, Tom Heath, Tim Berners-Lee, "<a
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href="http://tomheath.com/papers/bizer-heath-berners-lee-ijswis-linked-data.pdf">Linked
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Data - The Story So Far</a>"(pdf), International Journal on Semantic Web and
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Information Systems (IJSWIS), 5(3): 1-22. DOI: 10.4018/jswis.2009081901,
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2009</p>
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<p>Tim Berners-Lee, <a
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href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=long-live-the-web">"Long
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Live the Web: A Call for Continued Open Standards and Neutrality</a>",
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Scientific America, Vol. 22, November 2010</p>
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<dl>
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<dt>(See a full list of <a
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href="http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/Publications.html">publications</a>)</dt>
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</dl>
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<p></p>
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<h4>Education</h4>
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<p><a href="http://www.queens.ox.ac.uk/">The Queen's College</a>, Oxford
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University, England, BA Hons (I) Physics, 1973-1976.</p>
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<p><a href="http://www.emanuel.org.uk/">Emanuel School</a>, London 1969-73</p>
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<p>Born London, England, 8 June 1955. Separated, two children.</p>
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<p></p>
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<p></p>
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<hr>
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<a href="Overview.html">Back to main Bio</a></body>
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