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1094 lines
59 KiB
1094 lines
59 KiB
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html lang="en-US-x-Hixie" ><head><title>2.6 URLs — HTML5 </title><style type="text/css">
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pre { margin-left: 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; }
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h2 { margin: 3em 0 1em 0; }
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h3 { margin: 2.5em 0 1em 0; }
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h4 { margin: 2.5em 0 0.75em 0; }
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h5, h6 { margin: 2.5em 0 1em; }
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h1 + h2, h1 + h2 + h2 { margin: 0.75em 0 0.75em; }
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h2 + h3, h3 + h4, h4 + h5, h5 + h6 { margin-top: 0.5em; }
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p { margin: 1em 0; }
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hr:not(.top) { display: block; background: none; border: none; padding: 0; margin: 2em 0; height: auto; }
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dl, dd { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; }
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dt { margin-top: 0.75em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; clear: left; }
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dt + dt { margin-top: 0; }
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dd dt { margin-top: 0.25em; margin-bottom: 0; }
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dd p { margin-top: 0; }
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dd dl + p { margin-top: 1em; }
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dd table + p { margin-top: 1em; }
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p + * > li, dd li { margin: 1em 0; }
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dt, dfn { font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; }
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dt dfn { font-style: italic; }
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pre, code { font-size: inherit; font-family: monospace; font-variant: normal; }
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pre strong { color: black; font: inherit; font-weight: bold; background: yellow; }
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pre em { font-weight: bolder; font-style: normal; }
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@media screen { code { color: orangered; } code :link, code :visited { color: inherit; } }
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var sub { vertical-align: bottom; font-size: smaller; position: relative; top: 0.1em; }
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table { border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden hidden none hidden; }
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table thead, table tbody { border-bottom: solid; }
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table tbody th:first-child { border-left: solid; }
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table tbody th { text-align: left; }
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table td, table th { border-left: solid; border-right: solid; border-bottom: solid thin; vertical-align: top; padding: 0.2em; }
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blockquote { margin: 0 0 0 2em; border: 0; padding: 0; font-style: italic; }
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.bad, .bad *:not(.XXX) { color: gray; border-color: gray; background: transparent; }
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.matrix, .matrix td { border: none; text-align: right; }
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.matrix { margin-left: 2em; }
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.dice-example { border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden solid solid hidden; border-width: thin; margin-left: 3em; }
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.dice-example caption { width: 30em; font-size: smaller; font-style: italic; padding: 0.75em 0; text-align: left; }
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.dice-example td, .dice-example th { border: solid thin; width: 1.35em; height: 1.05em; text-align: center; padding: 0; }
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.toc dfn, h1 dfn, h2 dfn, h3 dfn, h4 dfn, h5 dfn, h6 dfn { font: inherit; }
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img.extra { float: right; }
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pre.idl { border: solid thin; background: #EEEEEE; color: black; padding: 0.5em 1em; }
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pre.idl :link, pre.idl :visited { color: inherit; background: transparent; }
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pre.css { border: solid thin; background: #FFFFEE; color: black; padding: 0.5em 1em; }
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pre.css:first-line { color: #AAAA50; }
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dl.domintro { color: green; margin: 2em 0 2em 2em; padding: 0.5em 1em; border: none; background: #DDFFDD; }
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hr + dl.domintro, div.impl + dl.domintro { margin-top: 2.5em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; }
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dl.domintro dt, dl.domintro dt * { color: black; text-decoration: none; }
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dl.domintro dd { margin: 0.5em 0 1em 2em; padding: 0; }
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dl.domintro dd p { margin: 0.5em 0; }
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dl.switch { padding-left: 2em; }
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dl.switch > dt { text-indent: -1.5em; }
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dl.switch > dt:before { content: '\21AA'; padding: 0 0.5em 0 0; display: inline-block; width: 1em; text-align: right; line-height: 0.5em; }
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dl.triple { padding: 0 0 0 1em; }
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dl.triple dt, dl.triple dd { margin: 0; display: inline }
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dl.triple dt:after { content: ':'; }
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dl.triple dd:after { content: '\A'; white-space: pre; }
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.diff-old { text-decoration: line-through; color: silver; background: transparent; }
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.diff-chg, .diff-new { text-decoration: underline; color: green; background: transparent; }
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a .diff-new { border-bottom: 1px blue solid; }
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h2 { page-break-before: always; }
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h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { page-break-after: avoid; }
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h1 + h2, hr + h2.no-toc { page-break-before: auto; }
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p > span:not([title=""]):not([class="XXX"]):not([class="impl"]):not([class="note"]),
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li > span:not([title=""]):not([class="XXX"]):not([class="impl"]):not([class="note"]), { border-bottom: solid #9999CC; }
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div.head { margin: 0 0 1em; padding: 1em 0 0 0; }
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div.head p { margin: 0; }
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div.head h1 { margin: 0; }
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div.head .logo { float: right; margin: 0 1em; }
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div.head .logo img { border: none } /* remove border from top image */
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div.head dl { margin: 1em 0; }
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div.head p.copyright, div.head p.alt { font-size: x-small; font-style: oblique; margin: 0; }
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body > .toc > li { margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; }
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body > .toc.brief > li { margin-top: 0.35em; margin-bottom: 0.35em; }
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body > .toc > li > * { margin-bottom: 0.5em; }
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body > .toc > li > * > li > * { margin-bottom: 0.25em; }
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.toc, .toc li { list-style: none; }
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.brief { margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; line-height: 1.1; }
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.brief li { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
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.brief li p { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
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.category-list { margin-top: -0.75em; margin-bottom: 1em; line-height: 1.5; }
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.category-list li { display: inline; }
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.category-list li:not(:last-child)::after { content: ', '; }
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.category-list li > span, .category-list li > a { text-transform: lowercase; }
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.category-list li * { text-transform: none; } /* don't affect <code> nested in <a> */
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.XXX { color: #E50000; background: white; border: solid red; padding: 0.5em; margin: 1em 0; }
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.XXX > :first-child { margin-top: 0; }
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p .XXX { line-height: 3em; }
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.annotation { border: solid thin black; background: #0C479D; color: white; position: relative; margin: 8px 0 20px 0; }
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.annotation:before { position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: 6px -6px -6px 6px; background: #333333; z-index: -1; content: ''; }
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.annotation :link, .annotation :visited { color: inherit; }
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.annotation :link:hover, .annotation :visited:hover { background: transparent; }
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.annotation span { border: none ! important; }
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.note { color: green; background: transparent; font-family: sans-serif; }
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.warning { color: red; background: transparent; }
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.note, .warning { font-weight: bolder; font-style: italic; }
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p.note, div.note { padding: 0.5em 2em; }
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span.note { padding: 0 2em; }
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.note p:first-child, .warning p:first-child { margin-top: 0; }
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.note p:last-child, .warning p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
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.warning:before { font-style: normal; }
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p.note:before { content: 'Note: '; }
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p.warning:before { content: '\26A0 Warning! '; }
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.bookkeeping:before { display: block; content: 'Bookkeeping details'; font-weight: bolder; font-style: italic; }
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.bookkeeping { font-size: 0.8em; margin: 2em 0; }
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.bookkeeping p { margin: 0.5em 2em; display: list-item; list-style: square; }
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.bookkeeping dt { margin: 0.5em 2em 0; }
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.bookkeeping dd { margin: 0 3em 0.5em; }
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h4 { position: relative; z-index: 3; }
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h4 + .element, h4 + div + .element { margin-top: -2.5em; padding-top: 2em; }
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.element {
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background: #EEEEFF;
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color: black;
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margin: 0 0 1em 0.15em;
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padding: 0 1em 0.25em 0.75em;
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border-left: solid #9999FF 0.25em;
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position: relative;
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z-index: 1;
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}
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.element:before {
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position: absolute;
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z-index: 2;
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top: 0;
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left: -1.15em;
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height: 2em;
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width: 0.9em;
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background: #EEEEFF;
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content: ' ';
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border-style: none none solid solid;
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border-color: #9999FF;
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border-width: 0.25em;
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}
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.example { display: block; color: #222222; background: #FCFCFC; border-left: double; margin-left: 2em; padding-left: 1em; }
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td > .example:only-child { margin: 0 0 0 0.1em; }
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ul.domTree, ul.domTree ul { padding: 0 0 0 1em; margin: 0; }
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ul.domTree li { padding: 0; margin: 0; list-style: none; position: relative; }
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ul.domTree li li { list-style: none; }
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ul.domTree li:first-child::before { position: absolute; top: 0; height: 0.6em; left: -0.75em; width: 0.5em; border-style: none none solid solid; content: ''; border-width: 0.1em; }
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ul.domTree li:not(:last-child)::after { position: absolute; top: 0; bottom: -0.6em; left: -0.75em; width: 0.5em; border-style: none none solid solid; content: ''; border-width: 0.1em; }
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ul.domTree span { font-style: italic; font-family: serif; }
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ul.domTree .t1 code { color: purple; font-weight: bold; }
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ul.domTree .t2 { font-style: normal; font-family: monospace; }
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ul.domTree .t2 .name { color: black; font-weight: bold; }
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ul.domTree .t2 .value { color: blue; font-weight: normal; }
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ul.domTree .t3 code, .domTree .t4 code, .domTree .t5 code { color: gray; }
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ul.domTree .t7 code, .domTree .t8 code { color: green; }
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ul.domTree .t10 code { color: teal; }
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body.dfnEnabled dfn { cursor: pointer; }
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.dfnPanel {
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display: inline;
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position: absolute;
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z-index: 10;
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height: auto;
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width: auto;
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padding: 0.5em 0.75em;
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font: small sans-serif, Droid Sans Fallback;
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background: #DDDDDD;
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color: black;
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border: outset 0.2em;
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}
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.dfnPanel * { margin: 0; padding: 0; font: inherit; text-indent: 0; }
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.dfnPanel :link, .dfnPanel :visited { color: black; }
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.dfnPanel p { font-weight: bolder; }
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.dfnPanel * + p { margin-top: 0.25em; }
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.dfnPanel li { list-style-position: inside; }
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#configUI { position: absolute; z-index: 20; top: 10em; right: 1em; width: 11em; font-size: small; }
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#configUI p { margin: 0.5em 0; padding: 0.3em; background: #EEEEEE; color: black; border: inset thin; }
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#configUI p label { display: block; }
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#configUI #updateUI, #configUI .loginUI { text-align: center; }
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#configUI input[type=button] { display: block; margin: auto; }
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fieldset { margin: 1em; padding: 0.5em 1em; }
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fieldset > legend + * { margin-top: 0; }
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fieldset > :last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
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fieldset p { margin: 0.5em 0; }
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.stability {
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position: fixed;
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bottom: 0;
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left: 0; right: 0;
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margin: 0 auto 0 auto !important;
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z-index: 1000;
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width: 50%;
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background: maroon; color: yellow;
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-webkit-border-radius: 1em 1em 0 0;
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-moz-border-radius: 1em 1em 0 0;
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border-radius: 1em 1em 0 0;
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-moz-box-shadow: 0 0 1em #500;
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-webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 1em #500;
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box-shadow: 0 0 1em red;
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padding: 0.5em 1em;
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text-align: center;
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}
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.stability strong {
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display: block;
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}
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.stability input {
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appearance: none; margin: 0; border: 0; padding: 0.25em 0.5em; background: transparent; color: black;
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position: absolute; top: -0.5em; right: 0; font: 1.25em sans-serif; text-align: center;
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}
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.stability input:hover {
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color: white;
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text-shadow: 0 0 2px black;
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}
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.stability input:active {
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padding: 0.3em 0.45em 0.2em 0.55em;
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}
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.stability :link, .stability :visited,
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.stability :link:hover, .stability :visited:hover {
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background: transparent;
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color: white;
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}
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</style><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20%7B%20display:%20none;%20%7D%0Ahtml%20%7B%20border:%20solid%20yellow;%20%7D%20.domintro:before%20%7B%20display:%20none;%20%7D" id="author" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Author documentation only"><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20%7B%20background:%20%23FFEEEE;%20%7D%20.domintro:before%20%7B%20background:%20%23FFEEEE;%20%7D" id="highlight" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Highlight implementation
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requirements"><link href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-WD" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"><style type="text/css">
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.applies thead th > * { display: block; }
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.applies thead code { display: block; }
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.applies tbody th { whitespace: nowrap; }
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.applies td { text-align: center; }
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.applies .yes { background: yellow; }
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.matrix, .matrix td { border: hidden; text-align: right; }
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.matrix { margin-left: 2em; }
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.dice-example { border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden solid solid hidden; border-width: thin; margin-left: 3em; }
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.dice-example caption { width: 30em; font-size: smaller; font-style: italic; padding: 0.75em 0; text-align: left; }
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.dice-example td, .dice-example th { border: solid thin; width: 1.35em; height: 1.05em; text-align: center; padding: 0; }
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td.eg { border-width: thin; text-align: center; }
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#table-example-1 { border: solid thin; border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 3em; }
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#table-example-1 * { font-family: "Essays1743", serif; line-height: 1.01em; }
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#table-example-1 caption { padding-bottom: 0.5em; }
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#table-example-1 thead, #table-example-1 tbody { border: none; }
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#table-example-1 th, #table-example-1 td { border: solid thin; }
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#table-example-1 th { font-weight: normal; }
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#table-example-1 td { border-style: none solid; vertical-align: top; }
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#table-example-1 th { padding: 0.5em; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; }
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#table-example-1 tbody tr:first-child td { padding-top: 0.5em; }
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#table-example-1 tbody tr:last-child td { padding-bottom: 1.5em; }
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#table-example-1 tbody td:first-child { padding-left: 2.5em; padding-right: 0; width: 9em; }
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#table-example-1 tbody td:first-child::after { content: leader(". "); }
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#table-example-1 tbody td { padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; }
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#table-example-1 tbody td:first-child + td { width: 10em; }
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#table-example-1 tbody td:first-child + td ~ td { width: 2.5em; }
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#table-example-1 tbody td:first-child + td + td + td ~ td { width: 1.25em; }
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.apple-table-examples { border: none; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 1.5em 0em; width: 40em; margin-left: 3em; }
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.apple-table-examples * { font-family: "Times", serif; }
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.apple-table-examples td, .apple-table-examples th { border: none; white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; }
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.apple-table-examples tbody th:first-child { border-left: none; width: 100%; }
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.apple-table-examples thead th:first-child ~ th { font-size: smaller; font-weight: bolder; border-bottom: solid 2px; text-align: center; }
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.apple-table-examples tbody th::after, .apple-table-examples tfoot th::after { content: leader(". ") }
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.apple-table-examples tbody th, .apple-table-examples tfoot th { font: inherit; text-align: left; }
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.apple-table-examples td { text-align: right; vertical-align: top; }
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.apple-table-examples.e1 tbody tr:last-child td { border-bottom: solid 1px; }
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.apple-table-examples.e1 tbody + tbody tr:last-child td { border-bottom: double 3px; }
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.apple-table-examples.e2 th[scope=row] { padding-left: 1em; }
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.apple-table-examples sup { line-height: 0; }
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.details-example img { vertical-align: top; }
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#base64-table {
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white-space: nowrap;
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font-size: 0.6em;
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column-width: 6em;
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column-count: 5;
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column-gap: 1em;
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-moz-column-width: 6em;
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-moz-column-count: 5;
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-moz-column-gap: 1em;
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-webkit-column-width: 6em;
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-webkit-column-count: 5;
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-webkit-column-gap: 1em;
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}
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#base64-table thead { display: none; }
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#base64-table * { border: none; }
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#base64-table tbody td:first-child:after { content: ':'; }
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#base64-table tbody td:last-child { text-align: right; }
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#named-character-references-table {
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white-space: nowrap;
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font-size: 0.6em;
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column-width: 30em;
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column-gap: 1em;
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-moz-column-width: 30em;
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-moz-column-gap: 1em;
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-webkit-column-width: 30em;
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-webkit-column-gap: 1em;
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}
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#named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr > td:first-child + td,
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#named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr > td:last-child { text-align: center; }
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#named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr > td:last-child:hover > span { position: absolute; top: auto; left: auto; margin-left: 0.5em; line-height: 1.2; font-size: 5em; border: outset; padding: 0.25em 0.5em; background: white; width: 1.25em; height: auto; text-align: center; }
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#named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr#entity-CounterClockwiseContourIntegral > td:first-child { font-size: 0.5em; }
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.glyph.control { color: red; }
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@font-face {
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font-family: 'Essays1743';
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src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743.ttf');
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: 'Essays1743';
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font-weight: bold;
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src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743-Bold.ttf');
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: 'Essays1743';
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font-style: italic;
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src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743-Italic.ttf');
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: 'Essays1743';
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font-style: italic;
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font-weight: bold;
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src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743-BoldItalic.ttf');
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
</style><style type="text/css">
|
|
.domintro:before { display: table; margin: -1em -0.5em -0.5em auto; width: auto; content: 'This box is non-normative. Implementation requirements are given below this box.'; color: black; font-style: italic; border: solid 2px; background: white; padding: 0 0.25em; }
|
|
</style><script type="text/javascript">
|
|
function getCookie(name) {
|
|
var params = location.search.substr(1).split("&");
|
|
for (var index = 0; index < params.length; index++) {
|
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if (params[index] == name)
|
|
return "1";
|
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var data = params[index].split("=");
|
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if (data[0] == name)
|
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return unescape(data[1]);
|
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}
|
|
var cookies = document.cookie.split("; ");
|
|
for (var index = 0; index < cookies.length; index++) {
|
|
var data = cookies[index].split("=");
|
|
if (data[0] == name)
|
|
return unescape(data[1]);
|
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}
|
|
return null;
|
|
}
|
|
</script>
|
|
<script src="link-fixup.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
|
|
<link href="style.css" rel="stylesheet"><link href="common-microsyntaxes.html" title="2.5 Common microsyntaxes" rel="prev">
|
|
<link href="spec.html#contents" title="Table of contents" rel="index">
|
|
<link href="fetching-resources.html" title="2.7 Fetching resources" rel="next">
|
|
</head><body><div class="head" id="head">
|
|
<div id="multipage-common">
|
|
<p class="stability" id="wip"><strong>This is a work in
|
|
progress!</strong> For the latest updates from the HTML WG, possibly
|
|
including important bug fixes, please look at the <a href="http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/Overview.html">editor's draft</a> instead.
|
|
There may also be a more
|
|
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html5">up-to-date Working Draft</a>
|
|
with changes based on resolution of Last Call issues.
|
|
<input onclick="closeWarning(this.parentNode)" type="button" value="╳⃝"></p>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|
function closeWarning(element) {
|
|
element.parentNode.removeChild(element);
|
|
var date = new Date();
|
|
date.setDate(date.getDate()+4);
|
|
document.cookie = 'hide-obsolescence-warning=1; expires=' + date.toGMTString();
|
|
}
|
|
if (getCookie('hide-obsolescence-warning') == '1')
|
|
setTimeout(function () { document.getElementById('wip').parentNode.removeChild(document.getElementById('wip')); }, 2000);
|
|
</script></div>
|
|
|
|
<p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img alt="W3C" height="48" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" width="72"></a></p>
|
|
|
|
<h1>HTML5</h1>
|
|
</div><div>
|
|
<a href="common-microsyntaxes.html" class="prev">2.5 Common microsyntaxes</a> –
|
|
<a href="spec.html#contents">Table of contents</a> –
|
|
<a href="fetching-resources.html" class="next">2.7 Fetching resources</a>
|
|
<ol class="toc"><li><ol><li><a href="urls.html#urls"><span class="secno">2.6 </span>URLs</a>
|
|
<ol><li><a href="urls.html#terminology-0"><span class="secno">2.6.1 </span>Terminology</a></li><li><a href="urls.html#parsing-urls"><span class="secno">2.6.2 </span>Parsing URLs</a></li><li><a href="urls.html#resolving-urls"><span class="secno">2.6.3 </span>Resolving URLs</a></li><li><a href="urls.html#url-manipulation-and-creation"><span class="secno">2.6.4 </span>URL manipulation and creation</a></li><li><a href="urls.html#dynamic-changes-to-base-urls"><span class="secno">2.6.5 </span>Dynamic changes to base URLs</a></li><li><a href="urls.html#interfaces-for-url-manipulation"><span class="secno">2.6.6 </span>Interfaces for URL manipulation</a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></div>
|
|
|
|
<h3 id="urls"><span class="secno">2.6 </span>URLs</h3><p>This specification defines the term <a href="#url">URL</a>, and defines
|
|
various algorithms for dealing with URLs, because for historical
|
|
reasons the rules defined by the URI and IRI specifications are not
|
|
a complete description of what HTML user agents need to implement to
|
|
be compatible with Web content.</p><p class="note">The term "URL" in this specification is used in a
|
|
manner distinct from the precise technical meaning it is given in
|
|
RFC 3986. Readers familiar with that RFC will find it easier to read
|
|
<em>this</em> specification if they pretend the term "URL" as used
|
|
herein is really called something else altogether. This is a
|
|
<a href="introduction.html#willful-violation">willful violation</a> of RFC 3986. <a href="references.html#refsRFC3986">[RFC3986]</a></p><h4 id="terminology-0"><span class="secno">2.6.1 </span>Terminology</h4><p>A <dfn id="url">URL</dfn> is a string used to identify a resource.</p><p>A <a href="#url">URL</a> is a <dfn id="valid-url">valid URL</dfn> if at least one of
|
|
the following conditions holds:</p><ul><li><p>The <a href="#url">URL</a> is a valid URI reference <a href="references.html#refsRFC3986">[RFC3986]</a>.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>The <a href="#url">URL</a> is a valid IRI reference and it has no
|
|
query component. <a href="references.html#refsRFC3987">[RFC3987]</a></p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>The <a href="#url">URL</a> is a valid IRI reference and its query
|
|
component contains no unescaped non-ASCII characters. <a href="references.html#refsRFC3987">[RFC3987]</a></p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>The <a href="#url">URL</a> is a valid IRI reference and the <a href="dom.html#document-s-character-encoding" title="document's character encoding">character encoding</a> of
|
|
the URL's <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> is UTF-8 or UTF-16. <a href="references.html#refsRFC3987">[RFC3987]</a></p></li>
|
|
|
|
</ul><p>A string is a <dfn id="valid-non-empty-url">valid non-empty URL</dfn> if it is a
|
|
<a href="#valid-url">valid URL</a> but it is not the empty string.</p><p>A string is a <dfn id="valid-url-potentially-surrounded-by-spaces">valid URL potentially surrounded by
|
|
spaces</dfn> if, after <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#strip-leading-and-trailing-whitespace" title="strip leading and trailing
|
|
whitespace">stripping leading and trailing whitespace</a> from
|
|
it, it is a <a href="#valid-url">valid URL</a>.</p><p>A string is a <dfn id="valid-non-empty-url-potentially-surrounded-by-spaces">valid non-empty URL potentially surrounded by
|
|
spaces</dfn> if, after <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#strip-leading-and-trailing-whitespace" title="strip leading and trailing
|
|
whitespace">stripping leading and trailing whitespace</a> from
|
|
it, it is a <a href="#valid-non-empty-url">valid non-empty URL</a>.</p><p>This specification defines the URL
|
|
<dfn id="about:legacy-compat"><code>about:legacy-compat</code></dfn> as a reserved, though
|
|
unresolvable, <code title="">about:</code> URI, for use in <a href="syntax.html#syntax-doctype" title="syntax-doctype">DOCTYPE</a>s in <a href="dom.html#html-documents">HTML
|
|
documents</a> when needed for compatibility with XML tools. <a href="references.html#refsABOUT">[ABOUT]</a></p><p>This specification defines the URL
|
|
<dfn id="about:srcdoc"><code>about:srcdoc</code></dfn> as a reserved, though
|
|
unresolvable, <code title="">about:</code> URI, that is used as
|
|
<a href="dom.html#the-document-s-address">the document's address</a> of <a href="the-iframe-element.html#an-iframe-srcdoc-document" title="an iframe srcdoc
|
|
document"><code>iframe</code> <code title="attr-iframe-srcdoc">srcdoc</code> documents</a>. <a href="references.html#refsABOUT">[ABOUT]</a></p><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<h4 id="parsing-urls"><span class="secno">2.6.2 </span>Parsing URLs</h4>
|
|
|
|
<p>To <dfn id="parse-a-url">parse a URL</dfn> <var title="">url</var> into its
|
|
component parts, the user agent must use the following steps:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ol><li><p>Strip leading and trailing <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#space-character" title="space
|
|
character">space characters</a> from <var title="">url</var>.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
|
|
<p>Parse <var title="">url</var> in the manner defined by RFC
|
|
3986, with the following exceptions:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ul><li>Add all characters with code points less than or equal to
|
|
U+0020 or greater than or equal to U+007F to the
|
|
<unreserved> production.</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>Add the characters U+0022, U+003C, U+003E, U+005B .. U+005E,
|
|
U+0060, and U+007B .. U+007D to the <unreserved>
|
|
production.
|
|
<!--
|
|
0022 QUOTATION MARK
|
|
003C LESS-THAN SIGN
|
|
003E GREATER-THAN SIGN
|
|
005B LEFT SQUARE BRACKET
|
|
005C REVERSE SOLIDUS
|
|
005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET
|
|
005E CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT
|
|
0060 GRAVE ACCENT
|
|
007B LEFT CURLY BRACKET
|
|
007C VERTICAL LINE
|
|
007D RIGHT CURLY BRACKET
|
|
-->
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>Add a single U+0025 PERCENT SIGN character as a second
|
|
alternative way of matching the <pct-encoded> production,
|
|
except when the <pct-encoded> is used in the
|
|
<reg-name> production.</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>Add the U+0023 NUMBER SIGN character to the characters
|
|
allowed in the <fragment> production.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul></li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
|
|
<p>If <var title="">url</var> doesn't match the
|
|
<URI-reference> production, even after the above changes are
|
|
made to the ABNF definitions, then parsing the URL fails with an
|
|
error. <a href="references.html#refsRFC3986">[RFC3986]</a></p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Otherwise, parsing <var title="">url</var> was successful; the
|
|
components of the URL are substrings of <var title="">url</var>
|
|
defined as follows:</p>
|
|
|
|
<dl><dt><dfn id="url-scheme" title="url-scheme"><scheme></dfn></dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>The substring matched by the <scheme> production, if any.</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt><dfn id="url-host" title="url-host"><host></dfn></dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>The substring matched by the <host> production, if any.</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt><dfn id="url-port" title="url-port"><port></dfn></dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>The substring matched by the <port> production, if any.</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt><dfn id="url-hostport" title="url-hostport"><hostport></dfn></dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>If there is a <scheme> component and a <port>
|
|
component and the port given by the <port> component is
|
|
different than the default port defined for the protocol given by
|
|
the <scheme> component, then <hostport> is the
|
|
substring that starts with the substring matched by the
|
|
<host> production and ends with the substring matched by the
|
|
<port> production, and includes the colon in between the
|
|
two. Otherwise, it is the same as the <host> component.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</dd><dt><dfn id="url-path" title="url-path"><path></dfn></dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>The substring matched by one of the following productions, if
|
|
one of them was matched:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ul class="brief"><li><path-abempty></li>
|
|
<li><path-absolute></li>
|
|
<li><path-noscheme></li>
|
|
<li><path-rootless></li>
|
|
<li><path-empty></li>
|
|
</ul></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt><dfn id="url-query" title="url-query"><query></dfn></dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>The substring matched by the <query> production, if any.</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt><dfn id="url-fragment" title="url-fragment"><fragment></dfn></dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>The substring matched by the <fragment> production, if any.</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt><dfn id="url-host-specific" title="url-host-specific"><host-specific></dfn></dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd><p>The substring that <em>follows</em> the substring matched
|
|
by the <authority> production, or the whole string if the
|
|
<authority> production wasn't matched.</p></dd>
|
|
|
|
</dl></li>
|
|
|
|
</ol><p class="note">These parsing rules are a <a href="introduction.html#willful-violation">willful
|
|
violation</a> of RFC 3986 and RFC 3987 (which do not define error
|
|
handling), motivated by a desire to handle legacy content. <a href="references.html#refsRFC3986">[RFC3986]</a> <a href="references.html#refsRFC3987">[RFC3987]</a></p>
|
|
|
|
</div><h4 id="resolving-urls"><span class="secno">2.6.3 </span>Resolving URLs</h4><p>Resolving a URL is the process of taking a relative URL and
|
|
obtaining the absolute URL that it implies.</p><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<p>To <dfn id="resolve-a-url">resolve a URL</dfn> to an <a href="#absolute-url">absolute URL</a>
|
|
relative to either another <a href="#absolute-url">absolute URL</a> or an element,
|
|
the user agent must use the following steps. Resolving a URL can
|
|
result in an error, in which case the URL is not resolvable.</p>
|
|
|
|
<ol><li><p>Let <var title="">url</var> be the <a href="#url">URL</a> being
|
|
resolved.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
|
|
<p>Let <var title="">encoding</var> be determined as follows:</p>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="switch"><dt>If the URL had a character encoding defined when the URL was
|
|
created or defined</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>The URL character encoding is as defined.</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt>If the URL came from a script (e.g. as an argument to a
|
|
method)</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>The URL character encoding is the <a href="webappapis.html#script-s-url-character-encoding">script's URL character
|
|
encoding</a>.</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt>If the URL came from a DOM node (e.g. from an element)</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>The node has a <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>, and the URL character
|
|
encoding is the <a href="dom.html#document-s-character-encoding">document's character encoding</a>.</dd>
|
|
|
|
</dl></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>If <var title="">encoding</var> is a UTF-16 encoding, then
|
|
change the value of <var title="">encoding</var> to UTF-8.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
|
|
<p>If the algorithm was invoked with an <a href="#absolute-url">absolute URL</a>
|
|
to use as the base URL, let <var title="">base</var> be that
|
|
<a href="#absolute-url">absolute URL</a>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Otherwise, let <var title="">base</var> be the <i>base URI of
|
|
the element</i>, as defined by the XML Base specification, with
|
|
<i>the base URI of the document entity</i> being defined as the
|
|
<a href="#document-base-url">document base URL</a> of the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> that
|
|
owns the element. <a href="references.html#refsXMLBASE">[XMLBASE]</a></p>
|
|
|
|
<p>For the purposes of the XML Base specification, user agents
|
|
must act as if all <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> objects represented XML
|
|
documents.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="note">It is possible for <code title="attr-xml-base"><a href="elements.html#the-xml:base-attribute-xml-only">xml:base</a></code> attributes to be present
|
|
even in HTML fragments, as such attributes can be added
|
|
dynamically using script. (Such scripts would not be conforming,
|
|
however, as <code title="attr-xml-base"><a href="elements.html#the-xml:base-attribute-xml-only">xml:base</a></code> attributes
|
|
are not allowed in <a href="dom.html#html-documents">HTML documents</a>.)</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <dfn id="document-base-url">document base URL</dfn> of a <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>
|
|
object is the <a href="#absolute-url">absolute URL</a> obtained by running these
|
|
substeps:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ol><li><p>Let <var title="">fallback base url</var> be <a href="dom.html#the-document-s-address">the
|
|
document's address</a>.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>If <var title="">fallback base url</var> is
|
|
<code><a href="fetching-resources.html#about:blank">about:blank</a></code>, and the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>'s
|
|
<a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a> has a <a href="browsers.html#creator-browsing-context">creator browsing
|
|
context</a>, then let <var title="">fallback base url</var>
|
|
be the <a href="#document-base-url">document base URL</a> of the <a href="browsers.html#creator-document">creator
|
|
<code>Document</code></a> instead.</p>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>If the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> is <a href="the-iframe-element.html#an-iframe-srcdoc-document">an
|
|
<code>iframe</code> <code title="attr-iframe-srcdoc">srcdoc</code> document</a>, then
|
|
let <var title="">fallback base url</var> be the <a href="#document-base-url">document
|
|
base URL</a> of the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>'s <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing
|
|
context</a>'s <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context-container">browsing context container</a>'s
|
|
<code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> instead.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>If there is no <code><a href="semantics.html#the-base-element">base</a></code> element that has an <code title="attr-base-href"><a href="semantics.html#attr-base-href">href</a></code> attribute, then the
|
|
<a href="#document-base-url">document base URL</a> is <var title="">fallback base
|
|
url</var>; abort these steps. Otherwise, let <var title="">url</var> be the value of the <code title="attr-base-href"><a href="semantics.html#attr-base-href">href</a></code> attribute of the first such
|
|
element.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p><a href="#resolve-a-url" title="resolve a URL">Resolve</a> <var title="">url</var> relative to <var title="">fallback base
|
|
url</var> (thus, the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-base-element">base</a></code> <code title="attr-base-href"><a href="semantics.html#attr-base-href">href</a></code> attribute isn't affected by
|
|
<code title="attr-xml-base"><a href="elements.html#the-xml:base-attribute-xml-only">xml:base</a></code> attributes).</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>The <a href="#document-base-url">document base URL</a> is the result of the
|
|
previous step if it was successful; otherwise it is <var title="">fallback base url</var>.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
</ol></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p><a href="#parse-a-url" title="parse a URL">Parse</a> <var title="">url</var> into its component parts.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
|
|
<p>If parsing <var title="">url</var> resulted in a <a href="#url-host" title="url-host"><host></a> component, then replace the
|
|
matching substring of <var title="">url</var> with the string that
|
|
results from expanding any sequences of percent-encoded octets in
|
|
that component that are valid UTF-8 sequences into Unicode
|
|
characters as defined by UTF-8.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>If any percent-encoded octets in that component are not valid
|
|
UTF-8 sequences, then return an error and abort these steps.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Apply the IDNA ToASCII algorithm to the matching substring,
|
|
with both the AllowUnassigned and UseSTD3ASCIIRules flags
|
|
set. Replace the matching substring with the result of the ToASCII
|
|
algorithm.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>If ToASCII fails to convert one of the components of the
|
|
string, e.g. because it is too long or because it contains invalid
|
|
characters, then return an error and abort these steps. <a href="references.html#refsRFC3490">[RFC3490]</a></p>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
|
|
<p>If parsing <var title="">url</var> resulted in a <a href="#url-path" title="url-path"><path></a> component, then replace the
|
|
matching substring of <var title="">url</var> with the string that
|
|
results from applying the following steps to each character other
|
|
than U+0025 PERCENT SIGN (%) that doesn't match the original
|
|
<path> production defined in RFC 3986:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ol><li>Encode the character into a sequence of octets as defined by
|
|
UTF-8.</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>Replace the character with the percent-encoded form of those
|
|
octets. <a href="references.html#refsRFC3986">[RFC3986]</a></li>
|
|
|
|
</ol><div class="example">
|
|
|
|
<p>For instance if <var title="">url</var> was "<code title="">//example.com/a^b☺c%FFd%z/?e</code>", then the
|
|
<a href="#url-path" title="url-path"><path></a> component's substring
|
|
would be "<code title="">/a^b☺c%FFd%z/</code>" and the two
|
|
characters that would have to be escaped would be "<code title="">^</code>" and "<code title="">☺</code>". The
|
|
result after this step was applied would therefore be that <var title="">url</var> now had the value "<code title="">//example.com/a%5Eb%E2%98%BAc%FFd%z/?e</code>".</p>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
|
|
<p>If parsing <var title="">url</var> resulted in a <a href="#url-query" title="url-query"><query></a> component, then replace the
|
|
matching substring of <var title="">url</var> with the string that
|
|
results from applying the following steps to each character other
|
|
than U+0025 PERCENT SIGN (%) that doesn't match the original
|
|
<query> production defined in RFC 3986:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ol><li>If the character in question cannot be expressed in the
|
|
encoding <var title="">encoding</var>, then replace it with a
|
|
single 0x3F octet (an ASCII question mark) and skip the remaining
|
|
substeps for this character.</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>Encode the character into a sequence of octets as defined by
|
|
the encoding <var title="">encoding</var>.</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>Replace the character with the percent-encoded form of those
|
|
octets. <a href="references.html#refsRFC3986">[RFC3986]</a></li>
|
|
|
|
</ol></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>Apply the algorithm described in RFC 3986 section 5.2
|
|
Relative Resolution, using <var title="">url</var> as the
|
|
potentially relative URI reference (<var title="">R</var>), and
|
|
<var title="">base</var> as the base URI (<var title="">Base</var>). <a href="references.html#refsRFC3986">[RFC3986]</a></p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
|
|
<p>Apply any relevant conformance criteria of RFC 3986 and RFC
|
|
3987, returning an error and aborting these steps if
|
|
appropriate. <a href="references.html#refsRFC3986">[RFC3986]</a> <a href="references.html#refsRFC3987">[RFC3987]</a></p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="example">For instance, if an absolute URI that would be
|
|
returned by the above algorithm violates the restrictions specific
|
|
to its scheme, e.g. a <code title="">data:</code> URI using the
|
|
"<code title="">//</code>" server-based naming authority syntax,
|
|
then user agents are to treat this as an error instead.</p>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>Let <var title="">result</var> be the target URI (<var title="">T</var>) returned by the Relative Resolution
|
|
algorithm.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>If <var title="">result</var> uses a scheme with a
|
|
server-based naming authority, replace all U+005C REVERSE SOLIDUS
|
|
(\) characters in <var title="">result</var> with U+002F SOLIDUS
|
|
(/) characters.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>Return <var title="">result</var>.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
</ol><p class="note">Some of the steps in these rules, for example the
|
|
processing of U+005C REVERSE SOLIDUS (\) characters, are a
|
|
<a href="introduction.html#willful-violation">willful violation</a> of RFC 3986 and RFC 3987, motivated
|
|
by a desire to handle legacy content. <a href="references.html#refsRFC3986">[RFC3986]</a> <a href="references.html#refsRFC3987">[RFC3987]</a></p>
|
|
|
|
</div><p>A <a href="#url">URL</a> is an <dfn id="absolute-url">absolute URL</dfn> if <a href="#resolve-a-url" title="resolve a url">resolving</a> it results in the same output
|
|
regardless of what it is resolved relative to, and that output is
|
|
not a failure.</p><p>An <a href="#absolute-url">absolute URL</a> is a <dfn id="hierarchical-url">hierarchical URL</dfn> if,
|
|
when <a href="#resolve-a-url" title="resolve a url">resolved</a> and then <a href="#parse-a-url" title="parse a url">parsed</a>, there is a character immediately
|
|
after the <a href="#url-scheme" title="url-scheme"><scheme></a> component
|
|
and it is a U+002F SOLIDUS character (/).</p><p>An <a href="#absolute-url">absolute URL</a> is an <dfn id="authority-based-url">authority-based URL</dfn>
|
|
if, when <a href="#resolve-a-url" title="resolve a url">resolved</a> and then <a href="#parse-a-url" title="parse a url">parsed</a>, there are two characters
|
|
immediately after the <a href="#url-scheme" title="url-scheme"><scheme></a>
|
|
component and they are both U+002F SOLIDUS characters (//).</p><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<h4 id="url-manipulation-and-creation"><span class="secno">2.6.4 </span>URL manipulation and creation</h4>
|
|
|
|
<p>To <dfn id="fragment-escaped" title="fragment-escaped">fragment-escape</dfn> a string
|
|
<var title="">input</var>, a user agent must run the following
|
|
steps:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ol><li><p>Let <var title="">input</var> be the string to be
|
|
escaped.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>Let <var title="">position</var> point at the first
|
|
character of <var title="">input</var>.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>Let <var title="">output</var> be an empty string.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p><i>Loop</i>: If <var title="">position</var> is past the end
|
|
of <var title="">input</var>, then jump to the step labeled
|
|
<i>end</i>.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
|
|
<p>If the character in <var title="">input</var> pointed to by
|
|
<var title="">position</var> is in the range U+0000 to U+0020 or
|
|
is one of the following characters:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ul class="brief"><li>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK character (")
|
|
</li><li>U+0023 NUMBER SIGN character (#)
|
|
</li><li>U+0025 PERCENT SIGN character (%)
|
|
</li><li>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character (<)
|
|
</li><li>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN character (>)
|
|
</li><li>U+005B LEFT SQUARE BRACKET character ([)
|
|
</li><li>U+005C REVERSE SOLIDUS character (\)
|
|
</li><li>U+005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET character (])
|
|
</li><li>U+005E CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT character (^)
|
|
</li><li>U+007B LEFT CURLY BRACKET character ({)
|
|
</li><li>U+007C VERTICAL LINE character (|)
|
|
</li><li>U+007D RIGHT CURLY BRACKET character (})
|
|
</li></ul><p>...then append the percent-encoded form of the character to
|
|
<var title="">output</var>. <a href="references.html#refsRFC3986">[RFC3986]</a></p>
|
|
<p>Otherwise, append the character itself to <var title="">output</var>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="note">This escapes any ASCII characters that are not
|
|
valid in the URI <fragment> production without being
|
|
escaped.</p>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next character
|
|
in <var title="">input</var>.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p>Return to the step labeled <i>loop</i>.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><p><i>End</i>: Return <var title="">output</var>.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
</ol></div><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<h4 id="dynamic-changes-to-base-urls"><span class="secno">2.6.5 </span>Dynamic changes to base URLs</h4>
|
|
|
|
<p>When an <code title="attr-xml-base"><a href="elements.html#the-xml:base-attribute-xml-only">xml:base</a></code> attribute
|
|
changes, the attribute's element, and all descendant elements, are
|
|
<a href="#affected-by-a-base-url-change">affected by a base URL change</a>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>When a document's <a href="#document-base-url">document base URL</a> changes, all
|
|
elements in that document are <a href="#affected-by-a-base-url-change">affected by a base URL
|
|
change</a>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>When an element is moved from one document to another, if the two
|
|
documents have different <a href="#document-base-url" title="document base URL">base
|
|
URLs</a>, then that element and all its descendants are
|
|
<a href="#affected-by-a-base-url-change">affected by a base URL change</a>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>When an element is <dfn id="affected-by-a-base-url-change">affected by a base URL change</dfn>, it
|
|
must act as described in the following list:</p>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="switch"><dt>If the element creates a <a href="links.html#hyperlink">hyperlink</a></dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>If the <a href="#absolute-url">absolute URL</a> identified by the hyperlink is
|
|
being shown to the user, or if any data derived from that URL is
|
|
affecting the display, then the <code title="attr-hyperlink-href"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-href">href</a></code> attribute should be <a href="#resolve-a-url" title="resolve a url">re-resolved</a> relative to the element
|
|
and the UI updated appropriately.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="example">For example, the CSS <code title="selector-link"><a href="links.html#selector-link">:link</a></code>/<code title="selector-visited"><a href="links.html#selector-visited">:visited</a></code> pseudo-classes might have
|
|
been affected.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt>If the element is a <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-q-element">q</a></code>, <code><a href="grouping-content.html#the-blockquote-element">blockquote</a></code>,
|
|
<code><a href="sections.html#the-section-element">section</a></code>, <code><a href="sections.html#the-article-element">article</a></code>, <code><a href="edits.html#the-ins-element">ins</a></code>, or
|
|
<code><a href="edits.html#the-del-element">del</a></code> element with a <code title="">cite</code>
|
|
attribute</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>If the <a href="#absolute-url">absolute URL</a> identified by the <code title="">cite</code> attribute is being shown to the user, or if
|
|
any data derived from that URL is affecting the display, then the
|
|
<a href="#url">URL</a> should be <a href="#resolve-a-url" title="resolve a
|
|
url">re-resolved</a> relative to the element and the UI updated
|
|
appropriately.</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt>Otherwise</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>The element is not directly affected.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="example">Changing the base URL doesn't affect the image
|
|
displayed by <code><a href="embedded-content-1.html#the-img-element">img</a></code> elements, although subsequent
|
|
accesses of the <code title="dom-img-src"><a href="embedded-content-1.html#dom-img-src">src</a></code> IDL attribute
|
|
from script will return a new <a href="#absolute-url">absolute URL</a> that might
|
|
no longer correspond to the image being shown.</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
</dl></div><h4 id="interfaces-for-url-manipulation"><span class="secno">2.6.6 </span>Interfaces for URL manipulation</h4><p>An interface that has a complement of <dfn id="url-decomposition-idl-attributes">URL decomposition IDL
|
|
attributes</dfn> has seven attributes with the following
|
|
definitions:</p><pre class="idl extract"> attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-uda-protocol" title="dom-uda-protocol">protocol</a>;
|
|
attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-uda-host" title="dom-uda-host">host</a>;
|
|
attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-uda-hostname" title="dom-uda-hostname">hostname</a>;
|
|
attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-uda-port" title="dom-uda-port">port</a>;
|
|
attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-uda-pathname" title="dom-uda-pathname">pathname</a>;
|
|
attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-uda-search" title="dom-uda-search">search</a>;
|
|
attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-uda-hash" title="dom-uda-hash">hash</a>;</pre><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">o</var> . <code title="dom-uda-protocol"><a href="#dom-uda-protocol">protocol</a></code> [ = <var title="">value</var> ]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Returns the current scheme of the underlying URL.</p>
|
|
<p>Can be set, to change the underlying URL's scheme.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt><var title="">o</var> . <code title="dom-uda-host"><a href="#dom-uda-host">host</a></code> [ = <var title="">value</var> ]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Returns the current host and port (if it's not the default port) in the underlying URL.</p>
|
|
<p>Can be set, to change the underlying URL's host and port.</p>
|
|
<p>The host and the port are separated by a colon. The port part,
|
|
if omitted, will be assumed to be the current scheme's default
|
|
port.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt><var title="">o</var> . <code title="dom-uda-hostname"><a href="#dom-uda-hostname">hostname</a></code> [ = <var title="">value</var> ]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Returns the current host in the underlying URL.</p>
|
|
<p>Can be set, to change the underlying URL's host.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt><var title="">o</var> . <code title="dom-uda-port"><a href="#dom-uda-port">port</a></code> [ = <var title="">value</var> ]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Returns the current port in the underlying URL.</p>
|
|
<p>Can be set, to change the underlying URL's port.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt><var title="">o</var> . <code title="dom-uda-pathname"><a href="#dom-uda-pathname">pathname</a></code> [ = <var title="">value</var> ]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Returns the current path in the underlying URL.</p>
|
|
<p>Can be set, to change the underlying URL's path.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt><var title="">o</var> . <code title="dom-uda-search"><a href="#dom-uda-search">search</a></code> [ = <var title="">value</var> ]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Returns the current query component in the underlying URL.</p>
|
|
<p>Can be set, to change the underlying URL's query component.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt><var title="">o</var> . <code title="dom-uda-hash"><a href="#dom-uda-hash">hash</a></code> [ = <var title="">value</var> ]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Returns the current fragment identifier in the underlying URL.</p>
|
|
<p>Can be set, to change the underlying URL's fragment identifier.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
</dl><div class="impl">
|
|
|
|
<hr><p>The attributes defined to be <a href="#url-decomposition-idl-attributes">URL decomposition IDL
|
|
attributes</a> must act as described for the attributes with the
|
|
same corresponding names in this section.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>In addition, an interface with a complement of <a href="#url-decomposition-idl-attributes">URL
|
|
decomposition IDL attributes</a> defines an <dfn id="concept-uda-input" title="concept-uda-input">input</dfn>, which is a <a href="#url">URL</a>
|
|
that the attributes act on, and a <dfn id="concept-uda-setter" title="concept-uda-setter">common setter action</dfn>, which is a
|
|
set of steps invoked when any of the attributes' setters are
|
|
invoked.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The seven <a href="#url-decomposition-idl-attributes">URL decomposition IDL attributes</a> have
|
|
similar requirements.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>On getting, if the <a href="#concept-uda-input" title="concept-uda-input">input</a>
|
|
is an <a href="#absolute-url">absolute URL</a> that fulfills the condition given in
|
|
the "getter condition" column corresponding to the attribute in the
|
|
table below, the user agent must return the part of the <a href="#concept-uda-input" title="concept-uda-input">input</a> URL given in the "component"
|
|
column, with any prefixes specified in the "prefix" column
|
|
appropriately added to the start of the string and any suffixes
|
|
specified in the "suffix" column appropriately added to the end of
|
|
the string. Otherwise, the attribute must return the empty
|
|
string.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>On setting, the new value must first be mutated as described by
|
|
the "setter preprocessor" column, then mutated by %-escaping any
|
|
characters in the new value that are not valid in the relevant
|
|
component as given by the "component" column. Then, if the <a href="#concept-uda-input" title="concept-uda-input">input</a> is an <a href="#absolute-url">absolute
|
|
URL</a> and the resulting new value fulfills the condition given
|
|
in the "setter condition" column, the user agent must make a new
|
|
string <var title="">output</var> by replacing the component of the
|
|
URL given by the "component" column in the <a href="#concept-uda-input" title="concept-uda-input">input</a> URL with the new value;
|
|
otherwise, the user agent must let <var title="">output</var> be
|
|
equal to the <a href="#concept-uda-input" title="concept-uda-input">input</a>. Finally,
|
|
the user agent must invoke the <a href="#concept-uda-setter" title="concept-uda-setter">common setter action</a> with the
|
|
value of <var title="">output</var>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>When replacing a component in the URL, if the component is part
|
|
of an optional group in the URL syntax consisting of a character
|
|
followed by the component, the component (including its prefix
|
|
character) must be included even if the new value is the empty
|
|
string.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="note">The previous paragraph applies in particular to the
|
|
"<code title="">:</code>" before a <port> component, the "<code title="">?</code>" before a <query> component, and the "<code title="">#</code>" before a <fragment> component.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>For the purposes of the above definitions, URLs must be parsed
|
|
using the <a href="#parse-a-url" title="parse a URL">URL parsing rules</a> defined
|
|
in this specification.</p>
|
|
|
|
<table id="table-uda"><thead><tr><th>Attribute
|
|
</th><th>Component
|
|
</th><th>Getter Condition
|
|
</th><th>Prefix
|
|
</th><th>Suffix
|
|
</th><th>Setter Preprocessor
|
|
</th><th>Setter Condition
|
|
</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><dfn id="dom-uda-protocol" title="dom-uda-protocol"><code>protocol</code></dfn>
|
|
</td><td><a href="#url-scheme" title="url-scheme"><scheme></a>
|
|
</td><td>—
|
|
</td><td>—
|
|
</td><td>U+003A COLON (:)
|
|
</td><td>Remove all trailing U+003A COLON characters (:)
|
|
</td><td>The new value is not the empty string
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><dfn id="dom-uda-host" title="dom-uda-host"><code>host</code></dfn>
|
|
</td><td><a href="#url-hostport" title="url-hostport"><hostport></a>
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-uda-input" title="concept-uda-input">input</a> is an <a href="#authority-based-url">authority-based URL</a>
|
|
</td><td>—
|
|
</td><td>—
|
|
</td><td>—
|
|
</td><td>The new value is not the empty string and <a href="#concept-uda-input" title="concept-uda-input">input</a> is an <a href="#authority-based-url">authority-based URL</a>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><dfn id="dom-uda-hostname" title="dom-uda-hostname"><code>hostname</code></dfn>
|
|
</td><td><a href="#url-host" title="url-host"><host></a>
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-uda-input" title="concept-uda-input">input</a> is an <a href="#authority-based-url">authority-based URL</a>
|
|
</td><td>—
|
|
</td><td>—
|
|
</td><td>Remove all leading U+002F SOLIDUS characters (/)
|
|
</td><td>The new value is not the empty string and <a href="#concept-uda-input" title="concept-uda-input">input</a> is an <a href="#authority-based-url">authority-based URL</a>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><dfn id="dom-uda-port" title="dom-uda-port"><code>port</code></dfn>
|
|
</td><td><a href="#url-port" title="url-port"><port></a>
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-uda-input" title="concept-uda-input">input</a> is an <a href="#authority-based-url">authority-based URL</a>, and contained a <a href="#url-port" title="url-port"><port></a> component (possibly an empty one)
|
|
</td><td>—
|
|
</td><td>—
|
|
</td><td>Remove all characters in the new value from the first that is not in the range U+0030 DIGIT ZERO (0) to U+0039 DIGIT NINE (9), if any.
|
|
Remove any leading U+0030 DIGIT ZERO characters (0) in the new value.
|
|
If the resulting string is empty, set it to a single U+0030 DIGIT ZERO character (0).
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-uda-input" title="concept-uda-input">input</a> is an <a href="#authority-based-url">authority-based URL</a>,
|
|
and the new value, when interpreted as a base-ten integer, is less than or equal to 65535
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><dfn id="dom-uda-pathname" title="dom-uda-pathname"><code>pathname</code></dfn>
|
|
</td><td><a href="#url-path" title="url-path"><path></a>
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-uda-input" title="concept-uda-input">input</a> is a <a href="#hierarchical-url">hierarchical URL</a>
|
|
</td><td>—
|
|
</td><td>—
|
|
</td><td>If it has no leading U+002F SOLIDUS character (/), prepend a U+002F SOLIDUS character (/) to the new value
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-uda-input" title="concept-uda-input">input</a> is hierarchical
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><dfn id="dom-uda-search" title="dom-uda-search"><code>search</code></dfn>
|
|
</td><td><a href="#url-query" title="url-query"><query></a>
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-uda-input" title="concept-uda-input">input</a> is a <a href="#hierarchical-url">hierarchical URL</a>, and contained a <a href="#url-query" title="url-query"><query></a> component (possibly an empty one)
|
|
</td><td>U+003F QUESTION MARK (?)
|
|
</td><td>—
|
|
</td><td>Remove one leading U+003F QUESTION MARK character (?), if any
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-uda-input" title="concept-uda-input">input</a> is a <a href="#hierarchical-url">hierarchical URL</a>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><dfn id="dom-uda-hash" title="dom-uda-hash"><code>hash</code></dfn>
|
|
</td><td><a href="#url-fragment" title="url-fragment"><fragment></a>
|
|
</td><td><a href="#concept-uda-input" title="concept-uda-input">input</a> contained a non-empty <a href="#url-fragment" title="url-fragment"><fragment></a> component
|
|
</td><td>U+0023 NUMBER SIGN (#)
|
|
</td><td>—
|
|
</td><td>Remove one leading U+0023 NUMBER SIGN character (#), if any
|
|
</td><td>—
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="example">
|
|
|
|
<p>The table below demonstrates how the getter <span class="impl">condition</span> for <code title="dom-uda-search"><a href="#dom-uda-search">search</a></code> results in different results
|
|
depending on the exact original syntax of the URL:</p>
|
|
|
|
<table id="table-uda-examples"><thead><tr><th> Input URL
|
|
</th><th> <code title="dom-uda-search"><a href="#dom-uda-search">search</a></code> value
|
|
</th><th> Explanation
|
|
</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> <code title="">http://example.com/</code>
|
|
</td><td> <i>empty string</i>
|
|
</td><td> No <a href="#url-query" title="url-query"><query></a> component in input URL.
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">http://example.com/?</code>
|
|
</td><td> <code title="">?</code>
|
|
</td><td> There is a <a href="#url-query" title="url-query"><query></a> component, but it is empty.
|
|
<span class="impl">The question mark in the resulting value is the prefix.</span>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">http://example.com/?test</code>
|
|
</td><td> <code title="">?test</code>
|
|
</td><td> The <a href="#url-query" title="url-query"><query></a> component has the value "<code title="">test</code>".
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">http://example.com/?test#</code>
|
|
</td><td> <code title="">?test</code>
|
|
</td><td> The (empty) <a href="#url-fragment" title="url-fragment"><fragment></a> component is not part of the <a href="#url-query" title="url-query"><query></a> component.
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="example">
|
|
|
|
<p>The following table is similar; it provides a list of what each
|
|
of the <a href="#url-decomposition-idl-attributes">URL decomposition IDL attributes</a> returns for a
|
|
given <var title="">input</var> URL.</p>
|
|
|
|
<table><thead><tr><th>Input
|
|
</th><th><code title="dom-uda-protocol"><a href="#dom-uda-protocol">protocol</a></code>
|
|
</th><th><code title="dom-uda-host"><a href="#dom-uda-host">host</a></code>
|
|
</th><th><code title="dom-uda-hostname"><a href="#dom-uda-hostname">hostname</a></code>
|
|
</th><th><code title="dom-uda-port"><a href="#dom-uda-port">port</a></code>
|
|
</th><th><code title="dom-uda-pathname"><a href="#dom-uda-pathname">pathname</a></code>
|
|
</th><th><code title="dom-uda-search"><a href="#dom-uda-search">search</a></code>
|
|
</th><th><code title="dom-uda-hash"><a href="#dom-uda-hash">hash</a></code>
|
|
</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code title="">http://example.com/carrot#question%3f</code>
|
|
</td><td><code title="">http:</code>
|
|
</td><td><code title="">example.com</code>
|
|
</td><td><code title="">example.com</code>
|
|
</td><td>(empty string)
|
|
</td><td><code title="">/carrot</code>
|
|
</td><td>(empty string)
|
|
</td><td><code title="">#question%3f</code>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td><code title="">https://www.example.com:4443?</code>
|
|
</td><td><code title="">https:</code>
|
|
</td><td><code title="">www.example.com:4443</code>
|
|
</td><td><code title="">www.example.com</code>
|
|
</td><td><code title="">4443</code>
|
|
</td><td><code title="">/</code>
|
|
</td><td><code title="">?</code>
|
|
</td><td>(empty string)
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div></body></html>
|