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578 lines
22 KiB
578 lines
22 KiB
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
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xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
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xmlns:sioc="http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns#"
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xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/">
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content=
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"text/html; charset=us-ascii" />
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<meta name="generator" content=
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"HTML Tidy for Mac OS X (vers 31 October 2006 - Apple Inc. build 13), see www.w3.org" />
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<title>
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Design Issues for the World Wide Web
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</title>
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<style type="text/css">
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/*<![CDATA[*/
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.new { background-color: #FFFF00; color: #FFAA00}
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/*]]>*/
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</style>
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<link href="../People/Berners-Lee/general.css" rel="stylesheet" type=
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"text/css" />
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</head>
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<body xml:lang="en" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" lang="en" text="#000000">
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<p>
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<a href="../TheProject.html"><img alt="W3c" src=
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"../Icons/WWW/w3c_home.gif" border="0" height="48" width=
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"72" /></a> <!-- Find an icon for Design Issues
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<IMG border=none SRC="../Icons/WWW/arch_48x48.gif" ALT="Design Issues">
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-->
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<!-- entries look like:
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<div rel="sioc:container_of" resource=".html" >
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<a href=".html">
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<strong property="dc:title"></strong>
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</a>
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(<span property="dc:date"></span>)
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</div>
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or
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<li rel="sioc:container_of" resource=".html" >
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<a href=".html">
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<span property="dc:title"></span>
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</a>
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(<span property="dc:date"></span>)
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</li>
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-->
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</p>
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<hr />
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<h1>
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Design Issues
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</h1>
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<h2>
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Architectural and philosophical points
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</h2>
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<p>
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These statements of architectural principle explain the
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thinking behind the specifications. These are personal notes
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by Tim Berners-Lee: they are not endorsed by W3C. They are
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aimed at the technical community, to explain reasons, provide
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a framework to provide consistency for for future
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developments, and avoid repetition of discussions once
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resolved.
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</p>
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<table bgcolor="#DDFFDD" cellpadding="4" width="100%">
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p align="left">
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li rel="sioc:container_of" resource="Preface.html" >
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<a href="Preface.html">
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<span property="dc:title">Preface</span>
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</a>
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(<span property="dc:date">1998-10-01</span>)
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</li>
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<li rel="sioc:container_of" resource="Stack.html" >
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<a href="Stack.html">
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<span property="dc:title">The Stack of Specifications</span>
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</a>
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(<span property="dc:date">2002-07-29</span>)
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</li>
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<li rel="sioc:container_of" resource="Abstractions.html" >
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<a href="Abstractions.html">
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<span property="dc:title">Levels of Abstraction: Net, Web, Graph </span>
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</a>
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(<span property="dc:date">2007-10-23</span>)
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</li>
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<li rel="sioc:container_of" resource="Architecture.html" >
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<a href="Architecture.html">
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<strong property="dc:title">Web Architecture from 50,000 feet</strong>**
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</a>
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(<span property="dc:date">1998-09-04</span>)
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<ul>
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<li>
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<a href="Principles.html" rel=
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"sioc:container_of" >
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<span about="Principles.html"
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property="dc:title">Principles of Design</span></a>
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(<span about="Principles.html" property="dc:date">1998-9</span>)
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</li>
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<li rel="sioc:container_of" resource="Model.html" >
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<a href="Model.html">
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<span property="dc:title">The Web Model: Information
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hiding and URI syntax</span>
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</a>
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(<span property="dc:date">19998-01-29</span>)
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>
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<div rel="sioc:container_of" resource="Axioms.html">
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<a href="Axioms.html">
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<span property="dc:title">Axioms of Web architecture: URIs</span>
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</a>
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(<span property="dc:date">1996-12-19</span>)
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</div>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<a href="Fragment.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">Fragment
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identifiers</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Webize.html" rel=
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"sioc:container_of"><em>Webizing an existing
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application</em></a> (2000/09)
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Xlink.html">When to use XLink</a>
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(2002/06)
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="HTTP-URI.html">What do HTTP URIs
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identify?</a> (2002/09)
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="HTTP-URI2.html">What HTTP URIs
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identify</a> (2005/6)
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="TermResource.html"><i>A Short History
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of the term "Resource"</i></a> (2009/8)
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="LinkLaw.html" rel= "sioc:container_of"><em>Links and
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laws</em></a> - what does a hypertext link imply?
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(April 1997)
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<ul>
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<li>
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<a href="LinkMyths.html" rel=
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"sioc:container_of"><em>Myths about Links</em></a> (April
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97)
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="PersistentDomains"><em>Persistent
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Domains</em></a>- an idea for persistence of
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URIs(2000/10)
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="NameMyth.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">The Myth of
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Names and Addresses</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Generic.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">Generic
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resources 3-96</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Metadata.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">Metadata
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Architecture</a> (6 Jan 1997)
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<ul>
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<li>
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<em><a href=
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"NamespacesAreResources.html">Dictionaries in
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the Library?</a></em> On the two-level system
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design error (2000)
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Meaning.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">The meaning of
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a document</a> - grounding in a global namespace
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(1999 - in progress)
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<ul>
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<li>
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<a href="XML">The Interpretation of an XML
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document</a> <a>(2002)</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Mandatory.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">Mandatory
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extensions: A fundamental design need</a>(1999? in
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progress)
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Extensible.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">Extensible
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languages and web
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evolution</a>(Feb
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1998)
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Evolution.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">Evolvability
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(April 1998)</a>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<a href="Mandatory.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">Mandtory
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extensions</a> (2000/1)
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Semantic.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">A roadmap to
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the Semantic Web (Sept 98)</a>
|
|
<ul>
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<li>
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<a href="RDFnot.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">What the
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semantic Web isn't but can represent</a> (1998)
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</li>
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<li>
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|
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<div rel="sioc:container_of" resource="LinkedData.html" >
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<a href="LinkedData.html">
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<strong property="dc:title">Linked Data</strong>
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</a>
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(<span property="dc:date">2006-07-27</span>)
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</div>
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<ul>
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<li rel="sioc:container_of" resource="ReadWriteLinkedData.html" >
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<a href="ReadWriteLinkedData.html">
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<span property="dc:title">Read-Write Linked Data</span>
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</a>
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(<span property="dc:date">2009-10-11</span>)
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<span class="new">new</span>
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</li>
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<li rel="sioc:container_of" resource="CloudStorage.html" >
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<a href="CloudStorage.html">
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<span property="dc:title">Socially Aware Cloud Storage</span>
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</a>
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|
(<span property="dc:date">2009-08-17</span>)
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<span class="new">new</span>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="GovData.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">Putting
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Government Data on the Web</a> (2009/6)
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</li>
|
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<li>
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<a href="RDB-RDF.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">RDF and
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Relational databases</a> (1998) (link added
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2001)
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="CG.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">Conceptual
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Graphs and the semantic Web</a> (2001)
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="RDF-XML.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">Why RDF
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model is not exactly the XML model</a> (1999)
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Identity.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">Identity:
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how to identify what in RDF</a> (2000/02)
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="TagLabel.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">Using
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labels to give semantics to tags.</a> (2006/11)
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="InterpretationProperties.html" rel=
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"sioc:container_of">Interpretation expressed as RDF
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property</a> (language, etc)(2000/03)
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Toolbox.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">Semantic
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Web Toolbox: Logic and trust in
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XML-RDF?</a>(1999)
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Interpretation.html" rel=
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"sioc:container_of">Semantics and Interpretation</a> (and
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dig.sig.) (1999/12/1) Philosophical bits
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Logic.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">Logic and
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the semantic web</a> (1999)
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Diff">The RDF-diff problem</a> -
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transmitting changes to graphs (2001, 2004)
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Rules.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">Rules and
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facts: Inference engines and the Semantic Web
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(2000/1)</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Inconsistent.html" rel=
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"sioc:container_of">Limiting the damage of an
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inconsistency</a> (2000/1)
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Notation3.html">Notation3</a>: Logic
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|
and Rules on RDF - showing it is possible
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(2000/10)
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<ul>
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<li>
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<em><a href="N3Alternatives">Design
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alternatives considered in
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Notation3</a></em> (2002/03)
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<p>
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<a href="Reify.html">Reification of RDF
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and N3</a> (2004/12)
|
|
</p>
|
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</li>
|
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</ul>
|
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</li>
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<li>
|
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<a href="SemanticClipboard">The Semantic
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|
Clipboard</a> (2004/1)
|
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</li>
|
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>
|
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<a href="WebServices.html">Roadmap for Web
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Services</a> (see WS arch WG)
|
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<ul>
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<li>
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<a href="PaperTrail.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">Paper
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|
Trail</a>- read/write state derived from r/o
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documents in real life: which came first, the
|
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journal or the database?
|
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</li>
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<li>
|
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<a href="Conversations">Conversations and
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State</a> - linking the two models (2000/11)
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</li>
|
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Filtering.html" rel=
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"sioc:container_of"><em>Filtering and censorship</em></a> -
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more philosophical than technical: is metadata a good
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thing? (December 1997)
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</li>
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<li rel="sioc:container_of" resource="NoSnooping.html" >
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<a href="NoSnooping.html">
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<strong property="dc:title">No Snooping</strong> on the Internet
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</a>
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(<span property="dc:date">2009-03-09</span>)
|
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Fractal.html" rel= "sioc:container_of"><em>Fractal
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web, fractal society</em></a> (1999)
|
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="UI.html" rel= "sioc:container_of"><em>User Interface
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in a consistent world</em></a>(6 Feb 97)
|
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<ul>
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<li>
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<a href="UserAgent.html" rel= "sioc:container_of"><em>User
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agent watch points</em></a> -interpreting
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HTTP(1999/12)
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="Editor.html" rel=
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"sioc:container_of"><em>Intuitive hypertext
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editing</em></a>
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</li>
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<li>Editing and Browsing Data with RDF and SVG @@
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="PersistentDomains.html"><em>Persistent
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Domains</em></a> <em>- a social problem, social
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solution</em>(2000)
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</li>
|
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<li>
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<a href="../1999/09/specification.html">How to write
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a specification (1999)</a>
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</li>
|
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</ul>
|
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</td>
|
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</tr>
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</tbody>
|
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</table>
|
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<hr />
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<h2>
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Informal notes not in this series
|
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</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<a href="http://www.w3.org/2003/04/iri.html">Mappings and
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identity in URIs and IRIs</a>
|
|
</li>
|
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</ul>
|
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<h2>
|
|
Obsolete notes
|
|
</h2>
|
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<ul>
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<li>
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|
<a href="Syntax.html" rel= "sioc:container_of">Assumed syntax</a> - a
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simpler RDF syntax used in the following. (1999).
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<span style="font-style: italic;">This proposed
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altervative to RDF/XMl was never adopted, RDF/XML
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prevailing as a standard and in practice also
|
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Notation3. </span>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<h2>
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Original design issues
|
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</h2>
|
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<p>
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|
<a href="OldDocs.html"><img src="../Icons/WWW/arch1990" alt=
|
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"1990 archives" /></a> <i>These documents date from the
|
|
original design of the web, dating from 1990 when the first
|
|
HTML editor was available to write them. When reading them
|
|
please bear this in mind. Some have been updated later.
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Although the design is for a global general hypertext system,
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the justification for the initial project was the CERN
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environment and this may be evident in some places.</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<table bgcolor="#FFC060" cellpadding="6" cellspacing="0">
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<tr>
|
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<td>
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|
This lists decisions to be made in the design or
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selection of a <a name="Z12" href="../WhatIs.html" id=
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"Z12">hypermedia</a> information system. It assumes
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familiarity with the concept of hypertext. A summary of
|
|
the uses of hypertext systems is followed by a list of
|
|
features which may or may not be available. Some of the
|
|
points appear in the Comms ACM July 88 articles on
|
|
various hypertext systems. Some points were discussed
|
|
also at <a name="Z11" href=
|
|
"/Conferences/ECHT90/Points.html" id="Z11">ECHT90</a> .
|
|
Tentative answers to some design decisions from the
|
|
CERN perspective are included.
|
|
<p>
|
|
Here are the criteria and features to be considered:
|
|
</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a name="Z3" href="Uses.html" id="Z3">Intended uses
|
|
of the system.</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a name="Z2" href="Availability.html" id=
|
|
"Z2">Availability on which platforms?</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a name="Z6" href="Navigation.html" id=
|
|
"Z6">Navigational techniques and tools: browsing,
|
|
indexing, maps, resource discovery, etc</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a name="Z4" href="Versioning.html" id="Z4">Keeping
|
|
track of previous versions of nodes and their
|
|
relationships</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a name="Z5" href="Multiuser.html" id=
|
|
"Z5">Multiuser access: protection, editing and
|
|
locking, annotation.</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a name="Z7" href="Notification.html" id=
|
|
"Z7">Notifying readers of new material
|
|
available</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a name="Z10" href="Topology.html" id="Z10">The
|
|
topology of the web of links</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a name="Z8" href="LinkTypes.html" id="Z8">The
|
|
types of links which can express different
|
|
relationships between nodes</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<p>
|
|
These are the three important issues which require
|
|
agreement between systems which can work together
|
|
</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a name="Z17" href="Naming.html" id="Z17">Naming
|
|
and Addressing</a> of documents
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a name="Z18" href=
|
|
"../Protocols/RelevantProtocols.html" id=
|
|
"Z18">Protocols</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a name="Z13" href="Formats.html" id="Z13">The
|
|
format in which node content is stored and
|
|
transferred</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>Implementation and optimization - <a name="Z15"
|
|
href="Caching.html" id="Z15">Caching</a> , smart
|
|
browsers, knowbots etc., <a name="Z14" href=
|
|
"Formats.html#4" id="Z14">format conversion,
|
|
gateways.</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Other historical notes which are not otherwise
|
|
referenced in this overview:
|
|
</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="Annotation">Annotation</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="BuildingBackLinks">Building Back Links</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="CompatibleProof">Proof that HTTP 1.0 is
|
|
compatible with 0.9</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="Function.html">Function</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="ProtocolVersions.html">From version to
|
|
version of HTTP</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="HTTP0.9Summary.html">Summary of HTTP
|
|
0.9</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Other historical notes
|
|
</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="../MarkUp/SGML/TimComments.html">A pre-XML (pre
|
|
W3C!) note about reforming SGML</a> (1993/3)
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
<a href="../TheProject.html"><img alt="W3c" src=
|
|
"../Icons/WWW/w3c_home.gif" border="0" height="48" width=
|
|
"72" /></a> <!-- Find an icon for Design Issues
|
|
<IMG border=none SRC="../Icons/WWW/arch_48x48.gif" ALT="Design Issues">
|
|
-->
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html>
|