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311 lines
6.5 KiB
311 lines
6.5 KiB
<HTML>
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<HEAD>
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<TITLE>Smart XML for the Semantic Web</TITLE>
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</HEAD>
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<BODY>
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<H1>
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Seeds of the Semantic Web
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</H1>
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<P>
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<A HREF="../../../People/Connolly/">Dan Connolly</A>,
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<A HREF="../../../">W3C</A>
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<P>
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<A HREF="http://www.ala.org/events/mw2000/">ALA Midwinter Meeting
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2000</A><BR>
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January 2000, San Antonio, TX
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<H1>
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Overview
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</H1>
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<UL>
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<LI>
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Where we are: on the verge of another revolution
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<LI>
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Where we came from: history and motivation
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<LI>
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Where we're going: opportunities and challenges
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</UL>
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<H1>
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The Revolutions
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</H1>
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<UL>
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<LI>
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The HTML Revolution: shared information space
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<LI>
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The XML Revolution: culture of open exchange
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<LI>
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The RDF Revolution: rise of the Semantic Web
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</UL>
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<H1>
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The HTML Revolution: Hypertext Goes Global
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</H1>
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<UL>
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<LI>
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1945: Bush imagines the ultimate research tool
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<LI>
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1970s: NLS, KMS, ... amazing research prototypes failed to 'cross the chasm'
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of deployment
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<LI>
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1990: TimBL develops a minimal hypertext system for the Internet
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<UL>
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<LI>
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Web explodes out of a critical mass of content, connectivity
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<LI>
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No more need to "imagine a world of connected information..."
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</UL>
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</UL>
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<H1>
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The XML Revolution: Plans
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</H1>
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<P>
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Shared costs:
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<UL>
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<LI>
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Development, Debugging
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<UL>
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<LI>
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no "bit tweezers"; helps the "desperate perl hacker"
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<LI>
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Structured Text: the critical features of SGML at a fraction of the cost
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<LI>
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Internationalized text
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</UL>
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<LI>
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Education, Training
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<LI>
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Basis for higher-level agreements
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</UL>
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<H1>
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The XML Revolution: Plans (cont.)
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</H1>
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<BLOCKQUOTE>
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XML is the ASCII of the future.
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<ADDRESS>
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--Tim Bray<BR>
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<A href="http://www.gca.org/memonly/xmlfiles/issue10/ice.htm">XML Files,
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Oct 1998</A>
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</ADDRESS>
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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<P>
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XML is a simple data format that balances the needs of people to read/write
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data with needs of machine to read/write data.
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<H1>
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The XML Revolution: Hopes
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</H1>
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<BLOCKQUOTE>
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I want my data back.
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<ADDRESS>
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--Jon Bosak
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</ADDRESS>
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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<UL>
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<LI>
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Self describing: DTDs, Schemas, Namespaces
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<LI>
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Decentralize from HTML to community markup
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<LI>
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Culture of Open Exchange
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</UL>
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<H1>
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Stepping Back...
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</H1>
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<H1>
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Origin and Goals of the Web
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</H1>
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<OL>
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<LI>
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Human communication thru shared knowledge<BR>
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Working together: Social efficiency, understanding and scaling
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<LI>
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Exploitation of computing power in real life
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</OL>
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<H1>
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Why W3C?
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</H1>
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<P>
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Leading the Web to its Full Potential
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<UL>
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<LI>
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Foster Evolution
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<LI>
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Preserve Interoperability
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</UL>
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<H1>
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About W3C
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</H1>
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<UL>
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<LI>
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Founded Fall '94
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<LI>
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350+ Members
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<LI>
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Director, staff
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<LI>
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One International Consortium, 3 Hosts:
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<UL>
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<LI>
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MIT in Cambridge, MA
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<LI>
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INRIA in Sophia-Antipolis, France
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<LI>
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Keio in Tokyo, Japan
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</UL>
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</UL>
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<H1>
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W3C Activities: What We Do
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</H1>
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<UL>
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<LI>
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User Interface Domain<BR>
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HTML, Stylesheets, Internationalization, ...
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<LI>
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Technology and Society<BR>
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PICS, Metadata, Security, E-Commerce, ...
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<LI>
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Architecture<BR>
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HTTP, HTTP-NG, XML, SMIL, ...
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<LI>
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Web Accessability Initiative (WAI) Guidelines, Outreach, Technical review,
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...
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</UL>
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<H1>
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W3C Process: How We Work
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</H1>
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<UL>
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<LI>
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Advisory Committee
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<LI>
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Working Groups
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<LI>
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Specification Development:<BR>
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Note, Working Draft, Proposed Recommendation, Recommendation
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<LI>
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Submissions
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<LI>
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Workshops, Symposia
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</UL>
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<P>
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See also: <A href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Process/">W3C Process</A>
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<H1>
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Looking Ahead...
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</H1>
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<H1>
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XML in a Nutshell
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</H1>
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<P>
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XML balances the needs of people to read/write data with needs of machine
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to read/write data.
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<PRE><elementName attributeName="value"><BR> <empty />
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</elementName>
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</PRE>
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<H1>
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Stupid Data
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</H1>
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<PRE><product>
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<description>Blue Widget</description>
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<price>1.25</price>
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<size>4</size>
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</product>
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</PRE>
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<P>
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What's wrong with this picture?
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<H1>
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Why Stupid Data Hurts
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</H1>
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<UL>
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<LI>
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Price: 1.25 what? Dollars? Pesos?<BR>
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similarly for size
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<LI>
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Unclear relation to commerce, contracts and law:
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<UL>
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<LI>
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obligation to honor that price? for how long?
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<LI>
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liability for accuracy of description?
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</UL>
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</UL>
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<H1>
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Grounding Terms in the Web
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</H1>
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<PRE><product
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xmlns:w="http://www.acme.com/2000/specs"
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xmlns="http://www.ali.org/1992/commercial-code"> <!--*-->
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<description>Blue Widget</description>
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<price currency="USD">1.25</price>
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<w:size>4</w:size>
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</product>
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</PRE>
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<P>
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* The American Law Institute hasn't published the Uniform Commercial Code
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on the web, but the
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<A HREF="http://www.law.cornell.edu/ucc/ucc.table.html">Cornell Legal Information
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Institute</A> published a
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<A HREF="http://www.law.cornell.edu/ucc/ucc.table.html">hypertext version</A>.
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<H1>
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Stupid Database Exchange: Travel
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</H1>
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<UL>
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<LI>
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Airline sends me email from their database
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<LI>
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I copy/paste each of the data into my PDA
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</UL>
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<P>
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What's wrong with this picture?
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<H1>
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Really Smart Data: RDF
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</H1>
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<PRE><color>blue</color>
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<specific-gravity>4.5</specific-gravity>
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</PRE>
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<P>
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you know what that means... sort of.
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<H1>
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RDF: Knowledge Primitives
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</H1>
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<PRE><substance><BR> <atomic-number>54</atomic-number><BR> <specific-gravity>4.5</specific-gravity><BR></substance>
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</PRE>
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<UL>
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<LI>
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Some resource is of type substance.
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<LI>
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That resource has atomic-number 54.
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<LI>
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That resource has specific gravity 4.5.
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<LI>
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A substance has atomic number 54, and has specific gravity 4.5.
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</UL>
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<H1>
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RDF: Graph Merging
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</H1>
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<PRE><PDA:event><BR> <dc:coverage>2000-01-15</dc:coverage><BR> <pda:import href="http://movies.yahoo.com/showtimes?show=23ou209"/>
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</PDA:event>
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<movie about="http://movies.yahoo.com/showtimes?show=23ou209">
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<dc:coverage>2000-01-15T2300Z</dc:coverage>
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<dc:title>Life is Beautiful</dc:title><BR> <ucc:price currency="USD">7.50</ucc:price>
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</movie>
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</PRE>
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<H1>
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Knowledge of Communities Large and Small
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</H1>
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<P>
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I want my machine to understand about...
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<UL>
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<LI>
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Internet Standards
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<LI>
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International trade agreements
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<LI>
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Credit Card agreements
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<LI>
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Local cinema schedules
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<LI>
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Little league schedules
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<LI>
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my plans for the day
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</UL>
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<P>
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<A HREF="notes.html">notes</A>
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</BODY></HTML>
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