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283 lines
8.2 KiB
283 lines
8.2 KiB
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!--*- nxml -*-->
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
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"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
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<head profile="http://www.w3.org/2003/g/data-view
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http://purl.org/NET/erdf/profile">
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<title>A Pragmatic Theory of Reference</title>
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<meta name="copyright"
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content="Copyright © 2006 W3C (MIT, ERCIM, Keio)
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$Revision: 1.2 $" />
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<meta name="Date" content="$Date: 2006/09/13 15:49:16 $" />
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<link rel="transformation"
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href="http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/glean-hcal.xsl" />
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<link rel="transformation"
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href="http://norman.walsh.name/2005/12/12/examples/hcard2rdf.xsl" />
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<link rel="foaf-maker" href="#danc" />
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<link rel="foaf-topic" href="#tp2006" />
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<link rel="schema.foaf" href="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" />
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.w3.org/Talks/Tools/Slidy/slidy.css"
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type="text/css"
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media="screen, projection, print" />
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.w3.org/Talks/Tools/Slidy/w3c-blue.css"
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type="text/css" media="screen, projection, print" />
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<!-- embeded RDF txform seems to need this -->
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<base href="http://www.w3.org/2003/g/talk62/slides" />
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<script src="http://www.w3.org/Talks/Tools/Slidy/slidy.js"
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type="text/javascript" />
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<style type="text/css">
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.source { text-align: right; font-size: smaller }
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.footnote { font-size: smaller }
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div.figure { text-align: center }
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pre b { color: blue }
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blockquote { border-left: double; padding-left: 1em; font-style: italic; text-align: justify }
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table.compare {
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margin-left:auto;
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margin-right:auto;
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}
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table.compare td {
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text-align: center
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}
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.tbl { background: #33FF66 }
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.baker { background: yellow }
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.dcmi { background: orange }
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.fmdb { background: #99ff99 }
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.jim { background: #CCFFFF }
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.bb1 { background: #99ff99 }
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.bb2 { background: #CCFFFF }
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</style>
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="background">
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<img alt="" id="head-icon"
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src="http://www.w3.org/Talks/Tools/Slidy/icon-blue.png" />
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<object id="head-logo"
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data="http://www.w3.org/Talks/Tools/Slidy/w3c-logo-blue.svg"
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type="image/svg+xml" title="W3C logo">
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<a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img
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alt="W3C logo" id="head-logo-fallback"
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src="http://www.w3.org/Talks/Tools/Slidy/w3c-logo-blue.gif" /></a>
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</object>
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</div>
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<div class="background slanty">
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<img src="http://www.w3.org/Talks/Tools/Slidy/w3c-logo-slanted.jpg"
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alt="slanted W3C logo" />
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</div>
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<div class="slide cover">
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<img align="right"
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src="http://www.w3.org/Talks/Tools/Slidy/keys.jpg"
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alt="Cover page images (keys)" class="cover" />
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<h1>A Pragmatic Theory of Reference</h1>
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<address class="vcard" id="danc">
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<a class="url fn n foaf-name" rel="foaf-homepage" href="http://www.w3.org/People/Connolly/"><span class="given-name">Dan</span
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> <span class="family-name">Connolly</span></a><br />
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</address>
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<div class="vevent" id="tp2006">
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<a class="url summary foaf-homepage" href="http://www.ibiblio.org/hhalpin/irw2006/">IRW2006</a><br />
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<span class="location">Edinburgh, Scotland</span><br />
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<abbr class="dtstart" title="2006-05-23">23 May 2006</abbr>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="slide"><h1>Outline</h1>
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<ul>
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<li>Design and Social Dynamics</li>
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<li>Web Architecture in brief</li>
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<li>A formal notation</li>
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<li>A look at httpRange-14</li>
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<li>Advice</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="slide"><h1>Design and Social Dynamics</h1>
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<table border="1" class="compare">
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<tr><td> </td><th>Web</th><th>Semantic Web</th></tr>
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<tr><th>Traditional Design</th><td>hypertext</td><td>logic/database</td></tr>
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<tr><th>+</th><td colspan="2">URIs</td></tr>
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<tr><th>-</th><td>link consistency</td><td>?</td></tr>
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<tr><th>=</th><td colspan="2">viral growth</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>Are there parts of traditional logic and databases that, if we set them
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aside, will result in viral growth of the Semantic Web?</p>
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</div>
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<div class="slide"><h1>URIs, Resources, and Representations</h1>
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<div class="figure" style="float:left">
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<img alt="fig1"
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src="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-webarch-20041215/uri-res-rep.png" />
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</div>
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<table class="compare" border="1">
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<tr><td> </td><th>Web</th><th>Programming Languages</th><th>Mathematical Logic</th></tr>
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<tr><th>Symbols</th><td>URIs</td><td>variables</td><td>constants</td></tr>
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<tr><th>Referents</th><td>Resources</td><td>memory cells</td><td>objects in the domain</td></tr>
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<tr><th>Values</th><td>Representations</td><td>values</td><td>n/a?</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>Note: this is an analogy, not an exact correspondence.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="slide"><h1>Ambiguity</h1>
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<pre>
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I saw a great <a
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href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0091605/"
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>movie starring Sean Connery</a>
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</pre>
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<p>... vs ....</p>
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<pre>
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The <a
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href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0091605/"
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>IMDB page on "The Name of the Rose"</a>
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is a great source of information.
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</pre>
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<ul>
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<li>movie: <cite>The Name of the Rose</cite></li>
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<li>page about that movie</li>
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</ul>
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<p>Which does <tt>http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0091605/</tt> refer to</p>
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</div>
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<div class="slide"><h1>Ambiguity and delegation</h1>
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<ul>
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<li>People dismbiguate "I am Dan" and "I call myself Dan" routinely.</li>
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<li>In a C program, where <tt>*p</tt> leads to a useful result, <tt>**p</tt> leads to a crash.</li>
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<li>Semantic Web is about delegating clear tasks to the machine.</li>
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<li>We'll do well to be careful about ambiguity.</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="slide"><h1>httpRange-14</h1>
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<ul>
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<li>W3C Technical Architecture Group (<a
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href="http://www.w3.org/2001/tag">TAG</a>) is chartered to <q>document
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and build consensus around principles of Web architecture</q>.</li>
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<li>Issue <a
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href="http://www.w3.org/2001/tag/issues.html#httpRange-14">httpRange-14:
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What is the range of the HTTP dereference function?</a>.</li>
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<li>discuss. :)</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="slide"><h1>The Dublin Core title property</h1>
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<pre class="dcmi">
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<rdf:Property
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rdf:about="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title">
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<rdfs:label xml:lang="en-US"
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>Title</rdfs:label>
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<!-- ... details elided ... -->
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</rdf:Property>
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</pre>
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</div>
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<div class="slide"><h1>dc:title rephrased in Turtle</h1>
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<p>Or, equivalently, using turtle<a href="http://www.dajobe.org/2004/01/turtle/">Turtle</a> notation:</p>
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<pre class="dcmi">
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@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>.
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@prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>.
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dc:title rdf:type rdf:Property.
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</pre>
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</div>
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<div class="slide"><h1>Borrowing str:notMatches and log:uri</h1>
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<pre>
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@prefix log: <http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/log#> .
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@prefix str: <http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/string#> .
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dc:title log:uri "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title".
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"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title" str:startsWith "http:".
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"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title" str:notMatches "#".
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</pre>
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<p>the <tt>log:uri</tt> property is similar to
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the <tt>name</tt> quoting function in KIF<a href="urisym#kif">[KIF]</a>.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="slide"><h1>TimBL's starting position</h1>
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<p>Berners-Lee argued that <q>HTTP URIs (without <tt>#</tt>)
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should be understood as referring to documents, not cars</q>.</p>
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<pre class="tbl">
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@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>.
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@prefix tbl: <http://example/tbl-terms#>.
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@forAll ?X, ?URI.
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{
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?X log:uri ?URI.
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?URI str:startsWith "http:".
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?URI str:notMatches "#".
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} => { ?X a tbl:Document }.
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tbl:Document owl:disjointWith tbl:Car.
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</pre>
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<div class="slide"><h1>Pages vs People</h1>
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<pre class="baker">
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@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>.
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<http://markbaker.ca/> a foaf:Person;
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foaf:name "Mark Baker".
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</pre>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="slide"><h1>An HTTP GET</h1>
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<p>Suppose we do a <tt>GET</tt> on <tt class="url">http://site.example/path</tt>
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and we get back:</p>
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<pre>
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200 OK
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content-type: text/plain
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hello world.
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</pre>
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<p>Then we'll say:</p>
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<pre>
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@prefix http: <http://example/http-terms#>.
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@prefix mime: <http://example/mime-terms#>.
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_:reply1 a http:OKResponse;
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http:about <http://site.example/path>;
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mime:body "hello world.";
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mime:content-type "text/plain".
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</pre>
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</div>
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<div class="slide"><h1>w:representation</h1>
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<pre>
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@prefix w: <http://example/webarch-terms#>.
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{
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_:m a http:OKResponse;
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http:about ?R;
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mime:body ?BYTES; mime:content-type ?TYPE.
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} => {
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?R w:representation [
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mime:content-type ?TYPE; mime:body ?BYTES ].
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}
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</pre>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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